基于行为转变理论对血脂异常患者运动行为的干预研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 15:35

  本文选题：运动变化阶段 + 运动改变方法　； 参考：《杭州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:了解血脂异常患者运动阶段现状及影响因素并评价与阶段相匹配的干预措施在改变血脂异常患者运动行为中的应用效果。方法:运用量性调查和类实验研究相结合的研究方法。应用便利抽样调查方法对杭州市某社区符合研究标准的204名患者运动阶段现况及影响因素进行调查。在现状调查的基础上,选择处于前意向阶段、意向阶段和承诺阶段的80名患者,随机分为干预组40例和对照组40例进行类实验研究。干预组接受血脂异常健康教育和与运动阶段相匹配的干预措施;对照组接受血脂异常健康教育、WHO公布《关于身体活动有益健康的全球建议》和每月一次电话随访。干预前、干预后分别收集运动变化阶段、运动改变方法、运动决策平衡、运动自我效能、运动量、身体形态指标和生化指标等数据资料。结果:1.本研究共调查了204名血脂异常患者,因部分患者中途退出调查,共回收问卷185份,回收率为90.69%;其中有效问卷175份,有效率为94.59%。处于前意向阶段、意向阶段、行动阶段、维持阶段分别为49人、38人、35人、20人、33人,各占28.0%、21.7%、20.0%、11.4%、18.9%。2.不运动组人数占69.7%,运动组人数占30.3%。3.运动阶段与近半年内是否有过运动、血脂异常确诊时间、是否服药、合并慢性病种类有统计学差异(P0.05)。4.各种运动改变方法(自我再评价、环境再评价、替代行为、社会解放、刺激控制、强化管理、自我解放)在各运动阶段的使用频率有统计学差异(P0.05);运动决策平衡(自觉运动利益、自觉运动障碍)、运动自我效能与运动阶段存在统计学差异(P0.05)。5.多元Logistic回归结果显示,自觉运动利益、替代行为、半年内是否有过运动等3个变量进入回归方程,这3个变量可解释运动变化阶段总变异的76%(R2=76)。6.干预后,对照组与干预组的运动阶段组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组在运动改变方法(意识觉醒、情绪缓释、自我再评价、社会解放、替代行为、强化管理、自我解放、刺激控制)的使用频率方面,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组在运动自我效能、运动决策平衡、轻度运动、中度运动、运动行为总得分方面,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:1.大部分血脂异常患者意识到运动的重要性,但真正采取运动行为的患者只有三分之一。2.血脂异常患者运动阶段受血脂异常诊断年限、用药、合并慢性病种类、近半年内是否有过运动、自觉运动利益、替代行为等因素影响,其中自觉运动利益、替代行为、近半年内是否有过运动是影响患者运动阶段转变的重要因素,可预测患者运动阶段转变的方向,且预测率较高。3.基于行为转变理论的运动行为干预能有效提高血脂异常患者轻度运动量、中度运动量,且效果优于常规的运动行为干预。4.基于行为转变理论的运动行为干预能提高血脂异常患者的运动改变方法使用频率、运动自我效能、自觉运动利益,帮助其降低自觉运动障碍,且效果优于常规的运动行为干预。5.两种干预措施均能帮助血脂异常患者控制体重、BMI、血脂指标,但干预效果相当。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the status and influencing factors of dyslipidemia patients' movement stage and to evaluate the effect of the intervention measures matched with phase in the exercise behavior of patients with dyslipidemia. Methods: the method of combining quantitative investigation and experimental study was used. The convenience sampling method was applied to a community in Hangzhou. The current status and influencing factors of 204 patients were investigated. On the basis of the current situation, 80 patients were randomly divided into 40 cases and 40 cases in the control group, which were in the pre intention stage, intention stage and commitment stage. The intervention group accepted the abnormal health education of blood lipid and the match with the exercise stage. In the control group, the control group received abnormal health education for blood lipids, WHO published the global recommendations about physical activity and health, and a monthly telephone follow-up. Before the intervention, the exercise changes, exercise change methods, exercise decision-making balance, exercise self-efficacy, exercise volume, body shape index and biochemical indexes were collected. Results: 1. a total of 204 dyslipidemia patients were investigated in this study. A total of 185 copies of a total of 185 questionnaires were returned from the survey, with a total recovery of 90.69%, of which 175 effective questionnaires were in the pre intentional phase of 94.59%., the intention stage, the action stage, and the maintenance stage were 49, 38, 35, 20, 33, each accounted for 28%, 21.7%, 20%, 1. 1.4%, the number of 18.9%.2. non sports group accounted for 69.7%, the number of sports group accounted for the movement of 30.3%.3. and in the near half a year, the time of the diagnosis of abnormal blood lipid, whether to take medicine, and the types of chronic diseases with statistical difference (P0.05).4. various exercise methods (self reevaluation, environmental reevaluation, substitution behavior, social liberation, stimulation control, strong control, and strong control, and strong control, and strong control, strong The frequency of use of chemical management and self liberation has statistical difference (P0.05) in each stage of exercise; the balance of sports decision-making (self-conscious exercise interest, self-conscious movement obstacle), sports self-efficacy and movement stage there are statistical differences (P0.05).5. multiple Logistic regression results show, self-conscious exercise interest, substitution behavior, half a year if there is any exercise and so on The 3 variables entered the regression equation. These 3 variables could explain the prognosis of the 76% (R2=76).6. of the total variation in the stage of motion change. There was no statistical difference between the control group and the intervention group (P0.05). The two groups were in the exercise change methods (consciousness, emotion release, self reevaluation, social liberation, substitution behavior, intensive management, self liberation). There was significant difference between groups (P0.05) in the frequency of use of stimulus control. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P0.05) in the aspects of exercise self-efficacy, exercise decision-making balance, mild exercise, moderate exercise and total exercise behavior (P0.05). Conclusion: the importance of exercise was realized in the 1. major hyperlipidemia patients, but the real exercise was taken. Only 1/3.2. patients with dyslipidemia were affected by abnormal blood lipid diagnosis, medication, combined with chronic diseases, whether there was exercise in the near half a year, exercise interest, substitution behavior and other factors. The important factors of change can predict the direction of the change of the patient's movement stage, and the predictive rate is high. The exercise behavior intervention based on the behavioral change theory.3. can effectively improve the mild exercise, moderate exercise, and the effect is better than the routine exercise intervention.4.. The exercise behavior intervention based on the transition theory can improve the blood lipid. Abnormal patients' motion change methods use frequency, exercise self-efficacy, self-conscious exercise benefit, help them reduce self-conscious exercise disorder, and the effect is better than routine exercise intervention.5. two intervention measures can help blood lipid abnormality control weight, BMI, blood lipid index, but the intervention effect is quite.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R473.5
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本文编号：2005790