中国熊蜂分布格局及其受威胁评估
发布时间：2023-10-20 20:07
熊蜂是众多开花植物的重要传粉昆虫,在农业和自然生态系统中发挥着十分重要的作用。但是,受众多因素的影响,近几十年来全球很多地区,尤其是欧洲和北美地区,熊蜂多样性水平急剧下降,为全球人类的可持续生活敲响了警钟。中国是全球熊蜂资源最丰富的国家,已报道125种,占全球已知熊蜂物种总数的50%。但是中国熊蜂整体分布格局及其面临威胁还缺乏系统研究。本文分析了中国125种熊蜂的分布格局,评估了外来物种欧洲地熊蜂和未来环境变化对中国本土熊蜂的威胁程度,提出了保护中国熊蜂的建议。为明确中国熊蜂区系特点和建立保护熊蜂多样性的监测区,利用近20年来采集的125种熊蜂的分布数据,来划分中国熊蜂区系和鉴定指示物种。经纬度3°×3°方格内物种相似性的聚类分析结果表明,中国熊蜂呈现4大生物地理区系,即华南地区(I)、华北-东北地区(II)、蒙古高原及其周边山地(III)和青藏高原及其周边山地(IV);我们发现气候因素对中国熊蜂区系的影响大于地形因素及两者联合因素。在I、II,、III和IV四个区系中,分别有7、5、10和4种熊蜂被鉴定为指示物种,这26种指示物种的分布重叠区就是保护中国熊蜂多样性的最佳监测区。为探究...
【文章页数】：110 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要 Abstract Abbreviations CHAPTER 1.General Introduction
1.1 The importance of pollinators
1.1.1 Declining of pollinators
1.1.2 Driving factors of pollinators decline
1.2 Bumblebee species
1.3 Declining of bumblebee species
1.4 Factors of bumblebees declining
1.4.1 Agriculture practices responsible for the bumblebee decline
1.4.2.Non-native species responsible for the bumblebee decline
1.4.3 Environmental stresses responsible for the bumblebee decline
1.5 Conservation of bumblebee species
1.5.1 Nature reserve
1.5.2 Keep pollinators habitats with margin for wild flowers in crop lands
1.5.3 Reduce pesticides using
1.5.4 Geographical Information Systems(GIS) &species distribution modelling(SDM)as tools for risk analysis and conservation CHAPTER 2 Distribution patterns and indicator species identification of bumblebee species of China
2.1.Summary
2.2.Introduction
2.3.Objectives
2.4.Materials and Methods
2.4.1.Study region and bumblebee species
2.4.2.Climatic and topographical variables
2.4.3.Statistical analysis
2.4.4.Habitat suitability modelling to facilitate surveying the indicator species
2.5.Results
2.5.1.Species composition and variable characteristics
2.5.2.Bumblebee species biogeographical regions
2.5.3.Relative influences of climatic and topographical drivers on bioregionalization
2.5.4.Indicator species identification
2.5.5.Habitat suitability modelling to facilitate surveying the indicator species
2.6.Discussion
2.7 Conclusion CHAPTER 3.Threat assessment of the invasive European bumblebee Bombus terrestris with habitat overlapping to East Asian bumblebees
3.1.Summary
3.2.Introduction
3.3.Materials and methods
3.3.1 Modelled species
3.3.2 Environmental layers and modelling procedures
3.3.3 Assessment of overlapping habitats
3.4.Results
3.4.1.Modelling accuracy
3.4.2.Potential distributions of bumblebee species
3.4.3.Habitat overlap risk analysis
3.5 Discussion
3.6 Conclusion CHAPTER 4.Threat assessment of future climate and land covers changes to East Asian bumblebees
4.1.Summary
4.2.Introduction
4.3.Materials and methods
4.3.1.Modelling procedures and bioclimatic variables
4.3.2.Land cover identification and future changes
4.3.3.Distribution response to future climate and land cover changes
4.3.4.Species richness calculation
4.4.Results
4.4.1.Modelling accuracy
4.4.2.Dominant land covers within current ranges and predicted land cover changes
4.4.3.Distributional response of endemic bumblebee species
4.5.Discussion
4.5.1.Classification of bumblebee land cover groups
4.5.2.Conservation strategies for endemic bumblebee species
4.6.Conclusion CHAPTER5.General conclusions REFERENCES ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CURRICULUM VITAE
本文编号：3855457
【文章页数】：110 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要 Abstract Abbreviations CHAPTER 1.General Introduction
1.1 The importance of pollinators
1.1.1 Declining of pollinators
1.1.2 Driving factors of pollinators decline
1.2 Bumblebee species
1.3 Declining of bumblebee species
1.4 Factors of bumblebees declining
1.4.1 Agriculture practices responsible for the bumblebee decline
1.4.2.Non-native species responsible for the bumblebee decline
1.4.3 Environmental stresses responsible for the bumblebee decline
1.5 Conservation of bumblebee species
1.5.1 Nature reserve
1.5.2 Keep pollinators habitats with margin for wild flowers in crop lands
1.5.3 Reduce pesticides using
1.5.4 Geographical Information Systems(GIS) &species distribution modelling(SDM)as tools for risk analysis and conservation CHAPTER 2 Distribution patterns and indicator species identification of bumblebee species of China
2.1.Summary
2.2.Introduction
2.3.Objectives
2.4.Materials and Methods
2.4.1.Study region and bumblebee species
2.4.2.Climatic and topographical variables
2.4.3.Statistical analysis
2.4.4.Habitat suitability modelling to facilitate surveying the indicator species
2.5.Results
2.5.1.Species composition and variable characteristics
2.5.2.Bumblebee species biogeographical regions
2.5.3.Relative influences of climatic and topographical drivers on bioregionalization
2.5.4.Indicator species identification
2.5.5.Habitat suitability modelling to facilitate surveying the indicator species
2.6.Discussion
2.7 Conclusion CHAPTER 3.Threat assessment of the invasive European bumblebee Bombus terrestris with habitat overlapping to East Asian bumblebees
3.1.Summary
3.2.Introduction
3.3.Materials and methods
3.3.1 Modelled species
3.3.2 Environmental layers and modelling procedures
3.3.3 Assessment of overlapping habitats
3.4.Results
3.4.1.Modelling accuracy
3.4.2.Potential distributions of bumblebee species
3.4.3.Habitat overlap risk analysis
3.5 Discussion
3.6 Conclusion CHAPTER 4.Threat assessment of future climate and land covers changes to East Asian bumblebees
4.1.Summary
4.2.Introduction
4.3.Materials and methods
4.3.1.Modelling procedures and bioclimatic variables
4.3.2.Land cover identification and future changes
4.3.3.Distribution response to future climate and land cover changes
4.3.4.Species richness calculation
4.4.Results
4.4.1.Modelling accuracy
4.4.2.Dominant land covers within current ranges and predicted land cover changes
4.4.3.Distributional response of endemic bumblebee species
4.5.Discussion
4.5.1.Classification of bumblebee land cover groups
4.5.2.Conservation strategies for endemic bumblebee species
4.6.Conclusion CHAPTER5.General conclusions REFERENCES ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CURRICULUM VITAE
本文编号：3855457
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