漳州香蕉的种植、贮藏与加工

发布时间：2020-09-03 11:54

　　 Banana is one of the oldest fruit known to mankind and also an important food for man.Banana is called “an apple of paradise” and botanically “Musa paradisiac”.Banana is the cheapest fruit and also a rich source of energy(104 cal/100 mg).Banana is also utilized in a number of form as food,medicine,feed,fuel,and industrial application.China is one of the largest producer of banana in the world and Zhangzhou is one of the cities in china that produce banana.Zhangzhou need to grow in the list of exporter cities in China which will surely boost the China economy in the long run.Tropical climate and well drained loamy soil are the most important factors for the successful growth of banana.Before establishing a banana plantation,certain factors must be considered such as capital,geographical factors,land,labor and management.The land to be cultivated was bulldoze by bulldozers in order to level it and break the clod soil to fine particles.Planting methods and crops geometry was rightly followed by farmers.The field was prepared with pits of 45 cm×45 cm wide and 36 cm deep that were dug and the soil mixed with farm yard manure(FYM).Diseased free planting materials were then placed in the pits and gently covered with soil that surrounds it.After planting,farm operations such as irrigation,fertilization,pest and disease control,weed control were carried out and fruits finally harvested after maturity.Farmers ensure right proportion of fertilizer application and proper used chemical to control pathogens so as to obtain high quality produce.Preharvest factors such as genetics and environmental factors that affects banana quality resulting to low quality was improve.For instance,disease resistance varieties were planted,proper management or control of pests and diseases,early weed control should be done,appropriate of fertilizer application.Postharvest handling factors are important factor in the production process of banana since it determines the quality rate of fresh fruits to consumers.Postharvest factors such as temperature,atmospheric composition,relative humidity,chilling injury,ethylene and physical stress was properly controlled to obtain good quality produce.There are several pathogens which invade the plants and caused diseases thus,affecting the plant thereby reducing the quality of the fruit.As a result of this,chemicals such as fungicide,nematicides were used to control these diseases.Therefore,to obtain good quality produce,bananas were properly stored under suitable storage conditions by using storage technologies like;controlled atmospheric storage,modified atmospheric packaging and low temperature storage.Banana have various uses and can be processed in to many processed products which enable producers to generate income.Some of these products include;banana wine,banana chips,banana yogurt,banana juice,banana puree,banana jam,banana cake.All these products were achieved by using different processing technologies such as;oven baking dehydration,microwave dehydration,freezing sublimation dehydration,vacuum freezing dehydration.This project aims at understanding the cultivation and production practices with special reference in Zhangzhou.
【学位单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位年份】：2018
【中图分类】：S668.1;TS255.3

【参考文献】