通过解剖和转录组分析‘海棠’单瓣/重瓣花性状的形态

发布时间：2022-02-12 21:26

　　重瓣花表型具有花大而多的形态特征,极具观赏价值。但苹果重瓣花发育的分子调控机制尚不十分清晰。揭示相关机制,为选育更多的重瓣花品种奠定研究基础。本研究对苹果重瓣花与单瓣花发育形态,采用石蜡切片和光学显微镜对其进行了不同发育时期的观察和比较,找到了苹果重瓣花形成和发育的关键时期,发现了在重瓣花中,雄蕊转变为花瓣或花瓣状结构。这些数据观察提示了单花和重瓣花发育存在形态学差异。本研究以海棠【Kelsey海棠、西府海棠、王族海棠（兼具单双花）】以及单花‘Dolgo’为材料,进行了转录组测序。转录组测序结果表明,在苹果单花品种和重瓣花品种的所有样本比较中,显著差异基因为1854个。在Go和Kegg注释的基础上,还发现了大量的发育和激素相关的差异基因,且大多数显著差异基因在重瓣花中下调。基于加权基因共表达网络分析法（WGCNA）和Cytoscape analysis相结合的方法,找出了重瓣花发育的关键基因,特别推测1个AGL24 MADS盒基因（MD08G1196900）和1个生长素应答基因（MD13G1137000）是重瓣花发育的关键候选基因。这些研究为理解苹果重瓣花发育的复杂分子机制提供了线索,... 

【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市

【文章页数】：130 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
abstract
Abbreviations
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Double Flower Mechanism
    1.2 History/Origin of Double Flower
    1.3 Genetic Characteristics of Double Flower
    1.4 Floral Morphology and Responsible Genes in Plants
        1.4.1 The evodevotics of flowers
        1.4.2 Origin and major subdivisions of the MADS-box gene family
        1.4.3 MADS-box genes in Flowering Plants
    1.5 MADS-Box Transcription Factors
        1.5.1 Genes Responsible for Double Flowering
        1.5.2 Floral Development Models
        1.5.3 Isolation of MADS-Box Genes of Different Species
    1.6 MADS-Box Genes in Apple
    1.7 Epigenetic Factors Controlling the Floral Genes
    1.8 Regulation of Flowering by Environmental Factors and Epigenetic Factors
        1.8.1 The Effects of Leaf Removal Treatments
        1.8.2 Photoperiodic and Temperature Regulation
        1.8.3 Hormones Involved in Flowering
    1.9 Significance of the Study
    1.10 Objectives of the Study
CHAPTER2 Morphological Analysis of Apple Double Flowers and Homeosis
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Materials and Methods
        2.2.1 Plant Materials
        2.2.2 Scanning electron and light microscopy
    2.3 Results
        2.3.1 Physical Attributes
        2.3.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis
        2.3.3 Light Microscopy Analysis
    2.4 Discussion
CHAPTER3 Transcriptome Analysis and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Analysis(WGCNA)of Apple Double Flowers
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Plant Materials and Growth Conditions
        3.2.2 RNA Extraction and Library Preparation for Illumina Sequencing
        3.2.3 Construction of Library
        3.2.4 Sequencing Quality Control and Reads Mapping to the Reference Genome
        3.2.5 Differentially Expressed Gene Detection
        3.2.6 Gene Enrichment Analysis
        3.2.7 Co-expression gene models
        3.2.8 Validation of RNA-Seq Data
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 RNA Sequencing of Different Samples
        3.3.2 Transcriptome dynamics of double flowering
        3.3.3 Gene Ontology and KEGG analysis
        3.3.4 Recognizing TF-encoding genes associated with floral organ development
        3.3.5 Recognizing DEGs related to hormone
        3.3.6 Weighted gene co-expression analysis(WGCNA)
        3.3.7 Validation of RNA-Seq Data
    3.4 Discussion
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CURRICULUM VITAE


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]过量表达中国水仙（Narcissus tazetta var.chinensis）NTAG1基因促进拟南芥早花和衰老[J]. 邓新杰,熊莉君,王洋,孙越,李小方.  分子植物育种. 2011(02)



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