二氧化碳膨胀乙醇提取及分子蒸馏精制香根草精油
发布时间：2021-07-03 02:13
香根草油是从香根草（Vetiveria zizanioides（L.）Nash）的根中提取的一种植物精油,在香料工业中常被大量用作主要的调香成分,而且在食品工业中也可用作调味剂。由于香根草油用途广泛,且具有抗氧化、抗菌、消炎等生物活性,近年来有大量有关其提取技术和成分分析的研究报道,研究热点围绕如何降低生产成本及环境污染,以满足日益增长的市场需求。二氧化碳膨胀乙醇（CO2 expanded ethanol,CXE）是一种环境友好的新型绿色溶剂,提取的效率及成本与传统蒸馏法相当,并高于超临界二氧化碳萃取。本研究经优化得到最优的工艺操作条件,与水蒸汽蒸馏工艺和超临界流体萃取工艺进行比较,评估新工艺的特点及可行性。由于香根草的化学成分复杂,香气及功效成分含量低,传统方法很难进行分离鉴定。本研究对香根草油进行了二级分子蒸馏,去除了大部分非挥发成分,显著增强色谱峰分离度,对有效成分进行了富集,结合GC-MS精油的组成分析,鉴定主要的特征性香气成分、抗菌成分及抗氧化成分,为制定产品质量标准提供理论依据,同时考察分子蒸馏用于精制香根油的可行性。CXE是一种混合流体,由主体的极性...
【文章来源】：浙江师范大学浙江省
【文章页数】：110 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
Chapter Ⅰ.Literature review
1.Vetiver grass and vetiver essential oil
1.1 Morphological description of vetiver grass
1.2 Various uses of vetiver grass
1.3 Background and properties of vetiver oil
1.4 Annual market demand of vetiver oil
1.5 Chemical composition analysis of vetiver root oil
2.Extraction techniques of vetiver oil
2.1 Hydrodistillation
2.2 Supercritical fluid extraction
2.3 Carbon dioxide expanded ethanol
2.3.1 Characterization of carbon dioxide expanded ethanol fluid
2.3.2 Physico-chemical properties of carbon dioxide expanded ethanol fluid
2.3.3 Applications of CO2 expanded ethanol extraction
3.Refining process of vetiver oil by molecular distillation
3.1 Description of the molecular distillation process
3.2 Basic principles of molecular distillation
3.3 Applications of molecular distillation technique
4.Research purpose,significance and main research content
4.1 Research purpose and significance
4.2 Main research contents
4.3 Schematic representation of research
Chapter Ⅱ.Conventional extraction techniques of vetiver root oil
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Preparation of vetiver root
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Hydrodistillation
2.2.2 Indirect vapor distillation(live steam distillation)
2.2.3 Supercritical fluid extraction
2.2.4 Estimation of vetiver oil yield
3.Results and discussions
3.1 Effect of extraction techniques on the yield of vetiver oil
3.2 Investigation of isolation conditions for hydrodistillation
3.2.1 Effect of matrix-to-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of vetiver root oil
3.2.2 Effect of root particle size on vetiver oil yield
3.2.3 Effect of distillation time on the yield of root oil
3.3 Selection of extraction conditions for supercritical fluid extraction
3.3.1 Effect of extraction time and CO2 flow rate on vetiver oil yield
3.3.2 Effect of pressure and temperature on the SFE extraction process
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅲ.Optimization of vetiver oil extraction by Carbon Dioxide Expanded Ethanol..
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Pretreatment of vetiver root
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Carbon dioxide expanded ethanol extraction
2.2.2 Calculation of root oil yield and CO2 mole fractions
2.2.3 Design of response surface methodology
2.2.4 Gas chromatographic/Mass Spectrum analysis for the composition of the vetiver oils
2.2.5 Alternatives for evaporation of solvent from CXE extract
2.2.6 Detection of heavy metals(Fe,Cu,Cd)in vetiver root material and oils
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Optimization of extraction conditions for CO2 expanded ethanol extraction
3.1.1 Experimental design and result of Response surface methodology
3.1.2 Fitting model and significance
3.1.3 Analysis of optimized factors influencing CXE extraction
3.1.4 Determination of optimum condition of CXE extraction
3.2 Chemical analysis of vetiver oils obtained by traditional and green extractions
3.3 Alternatives of solvent evaporation from CXE vetiver extracts
3.4 Investigation of heavy metals(Fe,Cu,Cd)in root material and vetiver oils
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅳ.Refinement of root oil from Vetiveria zizanioides(L.)Nash using two-stage molecular distillation process
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Experimental materials
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Description of two-stage of molecular distillation process
2.2.2 Estimation of molecular distillation parameters
2.2.3 Estimation of the recovery of vetiver fraction
2.2.4 Chemical analysis for composition of distillate fractions
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Investigation of optimum conditions during the first stage of molecular distillation
3.1.1 Selection of optimum feeding temperature
3.1.2 Determination of optimal evaporator temperature
3.1.3 Effects of feed flow rate and rotor speed on evaporation status
3.2 Determination of optimum conditions for the second stage of molecular distillation
3.2.1 Selection of optimum first condenser temperature
3.3 Chemical composition analysis for the first stage of molecular distillation
3.4 Chemical analysis for second stage of molecular distillation
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅴ.Antioxidant activity of vetiver oils and distillate fractions
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Experimental materials
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Determination of DPPH free radical scavenging capacity
2.2.2 Determination of ABTS free radical scavenging
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Comparison of DPPH·assays for traditional and CXE vetiver oils
3.2 ABTS free radical scavenging analysis of vetiver oils
3.3 DPPH free radical scavenging activity of vetiver distillate fractions
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅵ.Antimicrobial activity of vetiver oils
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Experimental materials
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Test bacterial strains
2.1.4 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Bacterial culture medium
2.2.2 Preparation of bacterial suspension
2.2.3 Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Antimicrobial ability of vetiver oils extracted by conventional and green techniques
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅶ.Conclusion and prospect
1.Conclusions
2.Prospect
References
Research achievements during research
Acknowledgement
本文编号：3261654
【文章来源】：浙江师范大学浙江省
【文章页数】：110 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
Chapter Ⅰ.Literature review
1.Vetiver grass and vetiver essential oil
1.1 Morphological description of vetiver grass
1.2 Various uses of vetiver grass
1.3 Background and properties of vetiver oil
1.4 Annual market demand of vetiver oil
1.5 Chemical composition analysis of vetiver root oil
2.Extraction techniques of vetiver oil
2.1 Hydrodistillation
2.2 Supercritical fluid extraction
2.3 Carbon dioxide expanded ethanol
2.3.1 Characterization of carbon dioxide expanded ethanol fluid
2.3.2 Physico-chemical properties of carbon dioxide expanded ethanol fluid
2.3.3 Applications of CO2 expanded ethanol extraction
3.Refining process of vetiver oil by molecular distillation
3.1 Description of the molecular distillation process
3.2 Basic principles of molecular distillation
3.3 Applications of molecular distillation technique
4.Research purpose,significance and main research content
4.1 Research purpose and significance
4.2 Main research contents
4.3 Schematic representation of research
Chapter Ⅱ.Conventional extraction techniques of vetiver root oil
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Preparation of vetiver root
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Hydrodistillation
2.2.2 Indirect vapor distillation(live steam distillation)
2.2.3 Supercritical fluid extraction
2.2.4 Estimation of vetiver oil yield
3.Results and discussions
3.1 Effect of extraction techniques on the yield of vetiver oil
3.2 Investigation of isolation conditions for hydrodistillation
3.2.1 Effect of matrix-to-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of vetiver root oil
3.2.2 Effect of root particle size on vetiver oil yield
3.2.3 Effect of distillation time on the yield of root oil
3.3 Selection of extraction conditions for supercritical fluid extraction
3.3.1 Effect of extraction time and CO2 flow rate on vetiver oil yield
3.3.2 Effect of pressure and temperature on the SFE extraction process
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅲ.Optimization of vetiver oil extraction by Carbon Dioxide Expanded Ethanol..
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Pretreatment of vetiver root
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Carbon dioxide expanded ethanol extraction
2.2.2 Calculation of root oil yield and CO2 mole fractions
2.2.3 Design of response surface methodology
2.2.4 Gas chromatographic/Mass Spectrum analysis for the composition of the vetiver oils
2.2.5 Alternatives for evaporation of solvent from CXE extract
2.2.6 Detection of heavy metals(Fe,Cu,Cd)in vetiver root material and oils
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Optimization of extraction conditions for CO2 expanded ethanol extraction
3.1.1 Experimental design and result of Response surface methodology
3.1.2 Fitting model and significance
3.1.3 Analysis of optimized factors influencing CXE extraction
3.1.4 Determination of optimum condition of CXE extraction
3.2 Chemical analysis of vetiver oils obtained by traditional and green extractions
3.3 Alternatives of solvent evaporation from CXE vetiver extracts
3.4 Investigation of heavy metals(Fe,Cu,Cd)in root material and vetiver oils
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅳ.Refinement of root oil from Vetiveria zizanioides(L.)Nash using two-stage molecular distillation process
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Experimental materials
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Description of two-stage of molecular distillation process
2.2.2 Estimation of molecular distillation parameters
2.2.3 Estimation of the recovery of vetiver fraction
2.2.4 Chemical analysis for composition of distillate fractions
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Investigation of optimum conditions during the first stage of molecular distillation
3.1.1 Selection of optimum feeding temperature
3.1.2 Determination of optimal evaporator temperature
3.1.3 Effects of feed flow rate and rotor speed on evaporation status
3.2 Determination of optimum conditions for the second stage of molecular distillation
3.2.1 Selection of optimum first condenser temperature
3.3 Chemical composition analysis for the first stage of molecular distillation
3.4 Chemical analysis for second stage of molecular distillation
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅴ.Antioxidant activity of vetiver oils and distillate fractions
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Experimental materials
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Determination of DPPH free radical scavenging capacity
2.2.2 Determination of ABTS free radical scavenging
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Comparison of DPPH·assays for traditional and CXE vetiver oils
3.2 ABTS free radical scavenging analysis of vetiver oils
3.3 DPPH free radical scavenging activity of vetiver distillate fractions
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅵ.Antimicrobial activity of vetiver oils
1.Introduction
2.Experimental materials and methods
2.1 Experimental materials,reagents and instruments
2.1.1 Experimental materials
2.1.2 Experimental reagents
2.1.3 Test bacterial strains
2.1.4 Experimental instruments
2.2 Experimental methods
2.2.1 Bacterial culture medium
2.2.2 Preparation of bacterial suspension
2.2.3 Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)
3.Results and discussion
3.1 Antimicrobial ability of vetiver oils extracted by conventional and green techniques
4.Summary
Chapter Ⅶ.Conclusion and prospect
1.Conclusions
2.Prospect
References
Research achievements during research
Acknowledgement
本文编号：3261654
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/projectlw/hxgylw/3261654.html
最近更新
教材专著
