市场与技术的两难选择——从中央机器厂看国民政府对战略产业的培育

发布时间：2018-03-08 11:37

本文选题：产业政策　切入点：冠军企业　出处：《中国经济史研究》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：后发展国家的政府常常通过创办或扶持少数冠军企业的策略来培育技术复杂度高、不直接面向消费者的战略性产业。在近代中国,国民政府先后创立过3家冠以"中央"之名的机器厂(公司),希望藉此培育装备制造业,这可以视为典型的冠军企业策略。然而,由于国民政府发展战略产业时,同时受到经济动机与非经济性的战略动机的支配,在不同阶段主导动机不同,产业政策所取得的成绩也就大不相同。国民政府的历史经验表明,在资源有限的情形下,后发展国家的政府培育战略产业时,必须在市场原则与技术原则间作出选择,而冠军企业策略需要政府长期大量投入资源,故只有在国家意志坚决的情况下才有可能获得成功。
[Abstract]:The governments of post-developing countries often cultivate strategic industries with high technological complexity and no direct consumer orientation through the strategy of establishing or supporting a small number of champion enterprises. The National Government has successively established three machinery factories (companies) under the name of "Central Government", hoping to cultivate equipment manufacturing industry, which can be regarded as a typical champion enterprise strategy. However, because of the development of strategic industries by the National Government, At the same time, under the domination of economic motive and non-economic strategic motive, the achievement of industrial policy is very different in different stages. The historical experience of the national government shows that, under the condition of limited resources, In developing countries, the government must choose between the market principle and the technical principle when cultivating strategic industry. The champion enterprise strategy needs the government to invest a lot of resources for a long time, so it is possible to succeed only if the national will is firm.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史系;华中师范大学中国近代史研究所;
【分类号】：F426.4

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