资源错配对中国制造业行业全要素生产率的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 00:25

本文选题：资源错配　切入点：全要素生产率　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：如何实现资源的有效配置一直以来都是微观经济学研究的主题。伴随大量微观企业数据在经济研究中的广泛应用,人们开始对资源配置运行的有效机制进行更深入的探讨。然而在众多机制中,过去一段时间学术界大多关注资源错配与全要素生产率和金融扭曲二者之间的关系,对产业间结构错配的研究却显不足。本文主要分析产业间结构错配对中国各地区制造业生产率的影响。文章首先运用Jones基于中间产品投入—产出分析结构错配模型阐释了由于企业间存在投入—产出关系,导致资源错配对经济增长的影响具有乘数效应。进一步将“中间投入”这一重要变量引入Aoki跨部门均衡模型框架对其进行适当拓展,来探讨分地区分行业间的结构错配效应及错配来源。在理论框架的基础上,本文利用2007年中国工业企业数据库和2007年国民经济投入产出表进行实证检验,主要结论如下:(1)“中间投入”作为重要的生产要素对生产率的贡献程度要远高于资本和劳动,因此以往大部分研究在生产函数中忽略掉“中间投入”是不合适的。文章的估算结果显示“中间投入”对产出的贡献度达到70%以上,表明我国制造业对中间产品投入的依赖度较高。(2)生产要素配置效率的差异是东、中、西部地区差距的重要原因。东部地区在资本、劳动、中间投入方面的配置效率要高于中西部,而中部相对西部的资源配置情况并没有占太多的优势。(3)食品、石油、交通运输和通信电子制造业对国民经济影响较大,且为主要的错配来源。尤其是后两者的生产率明显低于其他行业,其生产要素的不当配置对生产率产生了显著的负面影响。根据上述结论,本文为我国合理改善地区间产业资源配置提供了新的思路和方案。
[Abstract]:How to realize the effective allocation of resources has always been the subject of microeconomics research. People begin to probe into the effective mechanism of resource allocation. However, in many mechanisms, the relationship between resource mismatch and total factor productivity (TFP) and financial distortion has been the focus of academic circles in the past. However, the research on inter-industry structural mismatch is not enough. This paper mainly analyzes the effect of inter-industry structural mismatch on manufacturing productivity in various regions of China. Firstly, Jones is used to analyze the structural mismatch model based on intermediate product input-output analysis. B explains the input-output relationship between enterprises, The effect of resource mismatch on economic growth has multiplier effect. Furthermore, the important variable "intermediate input" is introduced into the Aoki Intersectoral equilibrium model framework to extend it properly. Based on the theoretical framework, this paper uses the China Industrial Enterprise Database in 2007 and the input-output table of the national economy in 2007 to carry out empirical tests. The main conclusion is as follows: (1) as an important factor of production, the contribution of "intermediate input" to productivity is much higher than that of capital and labor. Therefore, it is inappropriate for most previous studies to ignore the "intermediate input" in the production function. The estimated results show that the "intermediate input" contributes more than 70% to the output. It shows that the difference in the allocation efficiency of factors of production is the important reason for the disparity among the east, the middle and the west. The allocation efficiency of the intermediate input is higher than that of the central and western regions, but the distribution of resources in the central part of the country is not much superior to that of the western region.) Food, petroleum, transportation, communications and electronic manufacturing have a great impact on the national economy. And it is the main source of mismatch. Especially, the productivity of the latter two is obviously lower than that of other industries, and the misallocation of production factors has a significant negative impact on productivity. This paper provides new ideas and schemes for the rational improvement of industrial resource allocation among regions in China.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F424

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