中间产品贸易对中国制造业劳动生产率的影响

发布时间：2018-04-17 17:45

本文选题：中间品贸易 + 劳动生产率　；参考：《中国青年政治学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪70年以来,经济全球化进程日益加快,国际分工程度日趋加深,在技术进步的推动下,中间产品贸易发展迅速,成为近年来国际贸易的主要内容。中间产品贸易使得最终产品的各个生产工序分布在不同的国家,发达国家专注于资本密集型和技术密集型产品的生产,发展中国家则专注于劳动密集型产品的生产,各国的比较优势得到充分发挥,使整个社会生产效率得到提高,有效节约资源。中间产品贸易通过影响一国的贸易结构,进而对国内就业结构、收入分配、产业结构和技术水平等产生实质性影响,是当前国际贸易领域的一个值得研究的问题。改革开放以来,中国参与国际分工程度不断加深,加工贸易迅速发展,中间产品进出口规模迅速扩大;同时,中国制造业也有突飞猛进的发展,总产值快速增长,劳动生产率显著提高,成为中国经济发展的支柱。中间产品作为制造业主要的生产投入品,它的贸易额和贸易结构与制造业生产水平有着密切的联系。本文根据各行业进出口的中间产品类别,将制造业28个行业分成6个部门,使用1999-2013年的中国中间产品贸易数据和制造业数据分析了各部门中间产品的贸易额、贸易结构以及劳动生产率的发展现状;接着分析了中间产品贸易通过投入产出效应、垂直专业化分工效应和竞争效应对制造业劳动生产率的直接影响机制,以及其带来的规模经济和产业升级对制造业劳动生产率的间接影响机制;最后,本文使用2003-2011年的面板数据,通过一阶差分广义矩估计对制造业动态面板模型进行估计,得到结论,前一年的中间产品进口和当年的中间产品出口对整个制造业劳动生产率的增长有显著的促进作用,接着又分别对各个部门进行估计,结果显示,中间产品贸易通过不同的形式对各部门的劳动生产率分别产生了不同程度的影响。
[Abstract]:Since the 20th century 70 years, the process of economic globalization has been speeding up day by day, and the degree of international division of labor has been deepening day by day. Under the impetus of technological progress, the trade of intermediate products has developed rapidly, which has become the main content of international trade in recent years.Trade in intermediate products has resulted in the distribution of the various production processes of the final products in different countries, with the developed countries focusing on the production of capital-and technology-intensive products, and the developing countries focusing on the production of labour-intensive products,The comparative advantage of each country is brought into full play, and the efficiency of the whole society is improved, and the resources are saved effectively.The trade of intermediate products has a substantial influence on the structure of domestic employment, income distribution, industrial structure and technical level by influencing the trade structure of a country, which is a problem worth studying in the field of international trade at present.Since the reform and opening up, China's participation in the international division of labor has deepened, processing trade has developed rapidly, and the scale of import and export of intermediate products has expanded rapidly. At the same time, China's manufacturing industry has also developed by leaps and bounds, and its gross output value has grown rapidly.Labor productivity has increased significantly and has become the mainstay of China's economic development.As the main production input of manufacturing industry, the trade volume and trade structure of intermediate products are closely related to the production level of manufacturing industry.In this paper, 28 manufacturing industries are divided into 6 sectors according to the types of intermediate products imported and exported in various industries. The trade volume of intermediate products in various sectors is analyzed by using China intermediate product trade data and manufacturing data from 1999 to 2013.Secondly, it analyzes the direct influence mechanism of intermediate product trade on manufacturing labor productivity through input-output effect, vertical specialization effect and competition effect.And the indirect impact mechanism of scale economy and industrial upgrading on manufacturing labor productivity. Finally, this paper uses panel data from 2003 to 2011 to estimate the dynamic panel model of manufacturing industry by first order differential generalized moment estimation.It has been concluded that imports of intermediate goods in the previous year and exports of intermediate products in the current year contributed significantly to the growth of labour productivity in the manufacturing sector as a whole, and then estimated the various sectors separately.Intermediate product trade has different effects on labor productivity of different sectors through different forms.
【学位授予单位】：中国青年政治学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752;F424

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