基于主成分分析的陕西省工业生态化评价研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 12:15

本文选题：陕西省 + 工业生态化　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业的迅猛发展,中国粗放的发展模式给生态环境造成巨大压力。能源资源大量消耗、环境污染日益严重等生态问题不仅给人类健康带来严重威胁,而且资源环境问题的日益严峻也逐渐成为制约中国经济发展的最重要因素之一。如何化解经济发展与资源环境之间的尖锐矛盾,成为中国当下亟待解决的重要问题。陕西是中国西北地区的经济文化中心,在“西部大开发”战略中占据着重要地位。作为中国老工业基地之一,陕西工业基础力量雄厚,产业优势明显,然而近年来,工业的迅速崛起引发了严重的能源环境问题,对当地经济的可持续发展造成极大阻碍。本文梳理总结了可持续发展理论、生态文明理论和产业生态学理论等,为工业生态化评价提供理论方面的支持。通过参考前人在产业生态化评价方面所用的指标体系,结合具体实际和研究目的,依据系统性、科学性、可获得性等原则,从资源消耗及循环利用水平、污染物排放及减排水平和环境保护水平三方面建立指标体系并选取15个具体指标。接着运用主成分分析法对陕西省的工业生态化水平进行综合评价,首先选取陕西省2001-2013年的指标数据对其进行时间纵向评价,计算得出近13年的陕西省工业生态化水平基本呈上升趋势,整体形势比较乐观;又选取河北、辽宁等11个省份2012年的指标数据进行空间横向比较评价,在计算结果中,陕西省的综合得分排名倒数第3,说明其工业生态化水平与中东部优秀省份之间还存在较大差距。根据评价结果,本文详细深入地分析了制约陕西省工业生态化发展的原因,主要有:产业结构不合理,轻重工业失衡;能源消费结构中煤品消耗比例过大;技术落后,清洁生产落实不到位;污染物排放没有得到严格有效的控制等。针对这些原因,文章最后提出促进陕西省工业生态化发展的对策建议,包括完善工业生态化相关法律及政策体系建设、推进产业结构战略性调整、加快企业清洁生产发展、深入推进节能减排、促进产业集聚发展,积极打造高水平工业园区和特色产业基地等。本文通过对陕西省工业生态化水平进行综合评价,找出制约其发展的主要原因并提出对策建议,以期为政府部门制定工业发展和环境保护等方面的制度政策提供科学依据,也为其他省份的产业生态化建设提供一定的参考和借鉴。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industry, the extensive development model of China has brought great pressure to the ecological environment. Ecological problems, such as large consumption of energy and resources and increasingly serious environmental pollution, not only pose a serious threat to human health, but also become one of the most important factors restricting China's economic development. How to resolve the sharp contradiction between economic development and resource environment has become an important problem to be solved. Shaanxi is the economic and cultural center of northwest China, which occupies an important position in the strategy of "developing the West". As one of the old industrial bases in China, Shaanxi has a strong industrial base and obvious industrial advantages. However, in recent years, the rapid rise of industry has caused serious energy and environmental problems, which has greatly hindered the sustainable development of local economy. This paper summarizes the theory of sustainable development, the theory of ecological civilization and the theory of industrial ecology, and provides theoretical support for the evaluation of industrial ecology. By referring to the index system used by forefathers in industrial ecological evaluation, combining with specific practice and research purposes, according to the principles of systematization, scientificalness and availability, the paper discusses the level of resource consumption and recycling. Three aspects of pollutant emission and emission reduction level and environmental protection level were established and 15 specific indicators were selected. Then we use principal component analysis method to evaluate the industrial ecological level of Shaanxi province. Firstly, we select the index data of Shaanxi Province from 2001 to 2013 to carry on the time longitudinal evaluation. The results show that the level of industrial ecology in Shaanxi Province has been on the rise in the past 13 years, and the overall situation is optimistic. The index data of Hebei, Liaoning and other 11 provinces in 2012 are also selected for spatial horizontal comparison and evaluation. In the calculation results, Shaanxi Province ranked third last in the comprehensive score, indicating that there is still a big gap between its industrial ecological level and the excellent provinces in the central and eastern part of the country. According to the evaluation results, this paper analyzes in detail the reasons that restrict the development of industrial ecology in Shaanxi Province, including unreasonable industrial structure, imbalance of light and heavy industry, excessive consumption of coal products in energy consumption structure, backward technology. Clean production implementation is not in place; pollutant emissions have not been strictly and effectively controlled. In view of these reasons, the article finally puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of industrial ecology in Shaanxi Province, including perfecting the construction of laws and policies related to industrial ecology, promoting the strategic adjustment of industrial structure, and speeding up the development of cleaner production in enterprises. Promote energy conservation and emission reduction, promote industrial agglomeration, and actively build high-level industrial parks and characteristic industrial bases. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological level of industry in Shaanxi Province, this paper finds out the main reasons restricting its development and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions in order to provide a scientific basis for government departments to formulate institutional policies for industrial development and environmental protection. Also for other provinces of industrial ecological construction to provide certain reference and reference.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F427

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