稀土资源既非稀有,也不那么重要

发布时间：2019-01-05 03:26

【摘要】：地球上的稀土元素并不罕见,但由于主要用于半导体、电子元器件、合金、特殊材料等,长期以来被认为是一种战略性矿产资源,各国对于稀土资源的供需变化和价格波动极为敏感。本文从中国稀土资源发现谈起,首先系统梳理了稀土元素的发现历史、名称由来等基本内容,接着从化学特性、主要用途、资源需求等方面对稀土资源进行了需求分析,又从资源储量、资源潜力、开采生产、主要企业和项目、替代品和回收利用等方面分析了稀土资源的供应情况,最后分析了稀土价格波动和地缘政治影响因素,并提出了未来稀土资源的发展展望。通过分析,本文认为人们对稀土供应的担忧被过分高估,从绝对量的角度看,稀土资源并不稀有,而且重要性有限,未来稀土的供应保障不存在问题。本文特别指出,人们对中国稀土政策导致供应短缺的忧虑,更多是对中国迅速扩大的地缘政治影响抱有疑虑,而非真的是稀土供应短缺所致,稀土为他们提供了一个指责中国的机会。
[Abstract]:Rare earth elements are not uncommon on the earth, but they have long been considered as a strategic mineral resource because they are mainly used in semiconductors, electronic components, alloys, special materials, etc. Countries are extremely sensitive to changes in supply and demand and price fluctuations in rare earth resources. This paper begins with the discovery of rare earth resources in China, firstly systematically combing the discovery history and origin of rare earth elements, and then analyzing the demand of rare earth resources from the aspects of chemical characteristics, main uses, resource requirements, etc. It also analyzes the supply of rare earth resources from the aspects of resource reserves, resource potential, exploitation and production, major enterprises and projects, substitutes and recycling, etc. Finally, it analyzes the price fluctuation of rare earths and the geopolitical influence factors. The development prospect of rare earth resources in the future is also put forward. From the point of view of absolute quantity, rare earth resources are not rare, and the importance of rare earth resources is limited, and there is no problem in the future supply guarantee of rare earths. In particular, this article points out that concerns about the supply shortage caused by China's rare earth policy are more about the rapidly expanding geopolitical impact of China than about the real shortage of rare earth supplies. Rare earths offer them an opportunity to blame China.
【作者单位】：瑞典吕勒奥理工大学社会科学学院;
【分类号】：F426

【相似文献】