《少年世界》的社会调查述论

发布时间：2018-01-18 14:40

本文关键词：《少年世界》的社会调查述论　出处：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1919年7月成立于北京的少年中国学会，以“本科学的精神，为社会活动，以创造少年中国”为宗旨，是五四时期人数最多、影响最大、分化最严重的进步社团。《少年世界》是学会继《少年中国》之后创办的第二种月刊，以作社会的实际调查，谋世界的根本改造为宗旨。在学会的规划中，《少年中国》注重文化运动，阐发学理，纯粹科学，《少年世界》注重实际调查，叙述事实，应用科学。不仅两种刊物在文字内容上分工配合，而且两者体现了理论研究与社会实际调查或者说事业与思想并重。与学会注重社会活动相适应，《少年世界》专载各种调查及应用科学的文字，为社会改造提供参考。作为着眼于社会调查的刊物，《少年世界》重视对农村与工厂的调查，认为这是社会改革的起点，鼓励广大青年对农村工厂开展调查。它还调查介绍了国内诸多的学校的优缺点，为青年的入学提供参考，并对地方的社会状况加以调查，提出解决办法，为社会的改造提供了参考资料。《少年世界》还对国内外劳动运动、留法勤工俭学和学生运动、妇女运动加以调查，介绍了相关趋势与发展历程，提出了诸多社会改造的观点与方案，如建立工人组织或用社会主义制度解决劳动问题，引导和鼓励青年为求中国的前途努力改造、奋斗牺牲，号召开展“第四阶级运动”，并认为用社会主义制度去根本解决妇女问题，等等。除调查社会实际问题，《少年世界》还关注社会思想，从学术团体、学术思想文化两方面进行了调查，介绍了国内外学术团体和学术思想文化的发展动向，，并指出了学术团体的重要性及学术的意义，更加明确了少年中国学会的特性之一就在于致力于学术。《少年世界》对当时农民、学生、妇女、教育、劳动问题，以及地方社会等诸多关系社会实际与社会思想方面的调查，体现出其调查内容的丰富性、资料的详细性、方法的科学性等特点，为会员和读者提供了宝贵的参考资料，也为后来研究者保存了丰富的史料。《少年世界》的社会调查，不仅有助于少年中国学会及其会员研究和讨论社会改造问题，也对当时社会带来了重要影响。
[Abstract]:In July 1919, the Chinese Academy of Youth was established in Beijing. With the aim of "the spirit of undergraduate studies, social activities and the creation of juvenile China", the number of people in the May 4th period was the largest and the influence was the greatest. The most seriously divided progressive society. "the World of Youth" is the second monthly magazine established by the Society after "Juvenile China", with the aim of making a social investigation and seeking for the fundamental transformation of the world. "Juvenile China" lays stress on cultural movement, elucidation of academic theory, pure science, and "Youth World" pays attention to actual investigation, narration of facts, and application of science. And both reflect the theoretical research and the social reality investigation or the cause and the thought equal stress, and the society pays attention to the social activities, "the juvenile world" contains the various investigation and the applied science words. To provide reference for social transformation. As a publication focused on social research, the World of adolescence attaches importance to the survey of rural areas and factories as the starting point of social reform. Young people are encouraged to conduct surveys of rural factories, which also provide information on the strengths and weaknesses of many schools in the country, provide a reference for young people to enrol in school, and investigate local social conditions and propose solutions. It also makes a survey of the labor movement at home and abroad, the work-study program in France, the student movement and the women's movement, and introduces the related trends and development process. Put forward a lot of views and plans of social transformation, such as establishing workers' organizations or solving labor problems with socialist system, guiding and encouraging young people to strive for the future of China and strive for sacrifice. He called for the "4th Class Movement" and believed that the socialist system should be used to fundamentally solve women's problems, and so on. In addition to investigating social and practical problems, the "Youth World" also paid close attention to social thinking, from academic organizations. This paper makes an investigation of academic thought and culture, introduces the development trend of academic group and academic thought culture at home and abroad, and points out the importance and significance of academic group. One of the characteristics of the Chinese Academy of Youth is its commitment to learning. The investigation of farmers, students, women, education, labor problems, local society and many other related social and social ideology shows the richness of the contents of the survey. The details of the data and the scientific nature of the methods provide valuable reference materials for the members and readers, and also preserve the rich historical data for the later researchers. It not only contributed to the study and discussion of social reform by the Chinese Academy and its members, but also had an important impact on the society at that time.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G239.29

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