我国出版业“书号资源化”的困境及对策研究
发布时间：2018-08-14 15:35
【摘要】：我国现有580多家出版社,严格说都是计划体制的产物,出版业长期运作在半市场、半计划的范围中,是行政垄断特征最为明显的行业之一,也是我国市场化进程中最迟缓的产业之一。从本质上来说,作为由13位数字组成的书号,其自身并不存在经济价值,与国际上通行的咖啡、牛奶、面包等物品编码没本质的区别,只是图书可以正式出版的标志,用来识别品种,区别定价,起到保护知识产权的作用。然而,长期以来,本身没有什么经济价值的书号却逐渐演变成为国家赋予国有出版社的专有出版权,一种图书出版的特许标志,书号在不知不觉中已异化成一种出版资源。 本文从我国出版业书号管理这一角度切入,对改革开放以来出版业内出现的“书号资源化”这一特异现象进行全面细致的梳理和解析,探索出版业行政管理改革以及出版业健康发展的有效方法和基本途径。 本文研究的所谓的“书号资源化”,主要包含两层含义： (1)“书号资源化”是指我国出版行政管理部门在实际工作中,长期以来利用对书号的发放、控制等权力将书号作为加强对出版社行政管理的手段和措施,将书号作为一种出版资源进行管理。 (2)由于中国出版业实行的是审批制,在既不能合法设立出版单位,又不能通过正常途径申领书号的情况下,便形成了强大的书号需求的买方市场,书号便有了一定的附加值。因此,书号被异化为出版领域的一种稀缺资源,成为一种可以被买卖的有价值的商品。 本文对“书号资源化”现象产生、变化以及由此带来的乱象乃至乱象背后的原因进行细致的阐述。通过梳理、阐述和分析,本文研究认为“书号资源化”现象产生的原因是： (1)出版的垄断性质是“书号资源化”现象产生的根本原因。 (2)出版业的准入与退出机制的不完善,是“书号资源化”现象产生的重要因素。 (3)畸形的买方市场是“书号资源化”产生的市场基础。 (4)利益的驱动,是“书号资源化”现象产生的经济条件。 (5)国有出版社自身发展的不足,民营书业的规模崛起,是“书号资源化”现象产生的客观条件。 本文研究认为,书号制是不能废除的,图书编号也是国际规则,事实上一定程度的管制在任何国家都是必需的,从操作层面来说,对书号进行管理也是必然的。同时,因为对书号管理而带来的“书号资源化”也是暂时的,只具有过渡性质,是中国社会主义市场经济走向健康发展中的一个在出版领域内的暂时现象。“书号资源化”也将随着中国改革的深入,随着现行体制外的职业化出版力量确定合法地位及政府给予更多的发展空间,随着中国出版业资源的市场良性配置,随着中国出版市场的健康竞争和发展,书号的“含金量”不仅会逐步减少,而且在条件成熟的情况下,还会最终消失。当然,我国出版业目前还缺乏完全放开的条件,而“书号资源化”的现象已成为出版业行政体制改革必须面对的一大挑战和难题。我们应将书号回归到它只是作为图书的一个编号来使用的本来意义上,而不该被管理部门作为一种稀缺资源垄断在手中。应从发展的视角、从国际的视角来看待书号管理的走向。本文在分析借鉴国外出版业管理经验的基础上,基于我国国情,针对我国“书号资源化”现象提出了推进我国出版业行政管理体制改革的若干对策： (1)大力推进出版行政管理体制改革,加强宏观调控,转变政府职能,由审批型向服务型职能转变； (2)改革出版权的垄断制度,改变书号垄断的现状； (3)建立完善的退出机制,整合出版资源； (4)加强和完善出版业的准入制度,解决民营出版的通道问题,形成体制内外的良性互动； (5)规范各种“合作出版”行为,增设市场监管机构,加强监管； (6)健全法律管理体系,加强行业自律。
[Abstract]:There are more than 580 publishing houses in China, strictly speaking, the product of the planned system. Publishing industry operates in the semi-market and semi-planned area for a long time. It is one of the industries with the most obvious characteristics of administrative monopoly and one of the industries with the slowest development in the marketization process. There is no essential difference between the codes of coffee, milk, bread and other goods with economic value. They are just the signs that can be officially published to identify varieties, differentiate pricing and protect intellectual property rights. The exclusive publishing right of a publishing house, a special mark of book publishing, has unconsciously alienated the book number into a publishing resource.
From the point of view of book number management in publishing industry in China, this paper makes a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the special phenomenon of book number Resourcing in publishing industry since the reform and opening-up, and explores the effective methods and basic ways for the reform of publishing administration and the healthy development of publishing industry.
The so-called "book number resource" in this paper mainly contains two meanings:
(1) "Book number resourcing" means that the publishing administrative departments in China have long used the power of issuing and controlling book numbers as a means and measure to strengthen the administration of publishing houses and to manage book numbers as a publishing resource.
(2) Since China's publishing industry practices a system of examination and approval, a strong buyer's market for book numbers is formed when publishing units can not be legally established and book numbers can not be applied for through normal channels, so book numbers have certain added value. Therefore, book numbers are alienated as a scarce resource in the publishing field and become a kind of resources that can be used for publishing. Buying and selling valuable commodities.
This paper elaborates on the emergence and changes of the phenomenon of book number resourcefulness and the reasons behind it.
(1) the monopoly nature of publishing is the fundamental reason for the phenomenon of "resource utilization of book numbers".
(2) Imperfect access and exit mechanism of publishing industry is an important factor for the phenomenon of book number resourcing.
(3) the abnormal buyer's market is the market basis for the "book number resource".
(4) the driving force of interest is the economic condition resulting from the phenomenon of "book number resource".
(5) The insufficiency of the development of the state-owned publishing houses and the rise of the scale of the private book industry are the objective conditions for the phenomenon of book number resourcing.
This paper holds that the book number system can not be abolished, the book number is also an international rule, in fact, a certain degree of control is necessary in any country, from the operational level, the book number management is inevitable. It is a temporary phenomenon in the field of publishing that China's socialist market economy is moving toward a healthy development. With the deepening of China's reform, with the professional publishing force outside the current system to determine its legal status and the government to give more room for development, with the benign allocation of China's publishing resources in the market. With the healthy competition and development of China's publishing market, the "gold content" of book numbers will not only gradually decrease, but also eventually disappear when conditions are ripe. We should return the book number to the original meaning that it is only used as a Book number, and should not be monopolized by the management department as a scarce resource. We should look at the trend of book number management from the perspective of development and international perspective. On the basis of China's national conditions, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to promote the reform of the administrative system of the publishing industry in view of the phenomenon of "book number resourcefulness".
(1) To vigorously promote the reform of the publishing administrative system, strengthen macro-control, transform the functions of the government, from the examination and approval type to the service type;
(2) reform the monopoly system of copyright and change the status quo of book number monopoly.
(3) establish a sound exit mechanism and integrate publishing resources;
(4) Strengthen and improve the access system of publishing industry, solve the problem of private publishing channels, and form a positive interaction inside and outside the system;
(5) regulate all kinds of "cooperative publishing" activities, add market supervision organs, and strengthen supervision;
(6) improve the legal management system and strengthen industry self-discipline.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G239.2-F
本文编号：2183325
[Abstract]:There are more than 580 publishing houses in China, strictly speaking, the product of the planned system. Publishing industry operates in the semi-market and semi-planned area for a long time. It is one of the industries with the most obvious characteristics of administrative monopoly and one of the industries with the slowest development in the marketization process. There is no essential difference between the codes of coffee, milk, bread and other goods with economic value. They are just the signs that can be officially published to identify varieties, differentiate pricing and protect intellectual property rights. The exclusive publishing right of a publishing house, a special mark of book publishing, has unconsciously alienated the book number into a publishing resource.
From the point of view of book number management in publishing industry in China, this paper makes a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the special phenomenon of book number Resourcing in publishing industry since the reform and opening-up, and explores the effective methods and basic ways for the reform of publishing administration and the healthy development of publishing industry.
The so-called "book number resource" in this paper mainly contains two meanings:
(1) "Book number resourcing" means that the publishing administrative departments in China have long used the power of issuing and controlling book numbers as a means and measure to strengthen the administration of publishing houses and to manage book numbers as a publishing resource.
(2) Since China's publishing industry practices a system of examination and approval, a strong buyer's market for book numbers is formed when publishing units can not be legally established and book numbers can not be applied for through normal channels, so book numbers have certain added value. Therefore, book numbers are alienated as a scarce resource in the publishing field and become a kind of resources that can be used for publishing. Buying and selling valuable commodities.
This paper elaborates on the emergence and changes of the phenomenon of book number resourcefulness and the reasons behind it.
(1) the monopoly nature of publishing is the fundamental reason for the phenomenon of "resource utilization of book numbers".
(2) Imperfect access and exit mechanism of publishing industry is an important factor for the phenomenon of book number resourcing.
(3) the abnormal buyer's market is the market basis for the "book number resource".
(4) the driving force of interest is the economic condition resulting from the phenomenon of "book number resource".
(5) The insufficiency of the development of the state-owned publishing houses and the rise of the scale of the private book industry are the objective conditions for the phenomenon of book number resourcing.
This paper holds that the book number system can not be abolished, the book number is also an international rule, in fact, a certain degree of control is necessary in any country, from the operational level, the book number management is inevitable. It is a temporary phenomenon in the field of publishing that China's socialist market economy is moving toward a healthy development. With the deepening of China's reform, with the professional publishing force outside the current system to determine its legal status and the government to give more room for development, with the benign allocation of China's publishing resources in the market. With the healthy competition and development of China's publishing market, the "gold content" of book numbers will not only gradually decrease, but also eventually disappear when conditions are ripe. We should return the book number to the original meaning that it is only used as a Book number, and should not be monopolized by the management department as a scarce resource. We should look at the trend of book number management from the perspective of development and international perspective. On the basis of China's national conditions, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to promote the reform of the administrative system of the publishing industry in view of the phenomenon of "book number resourcefulness".
(1) To vigorously promote the reform of the publishing administrative system, strengthen macro-control, transform the functions of the government, from the examination and approval type to the service type;
(2) reform the monopoly system of copyright and change the status quo of book number monopoly.
(3) establish a sound exit mechanism and integrate publishing resources;
(4) Strengthen and improve the access system of publishing industry, solve the problem of private publishing channels, and form a positive interaction inside and outside the system;
(5) regulate all kinds of "cooperative publishing" activities, add market supervision organs, and strengthen supervision;
(6) improve the legal management system and strengthen industry self-discipline.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G239.2-F
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 马军;;如何有效加强书号管理[J];出版参考;2008年24期
2 罗李娟;;从书号总量宏观调控到书号实名申领[J];出版参考;2008年30期
3 郭楠;;浅谈合作出版现象[J];南昌教育学院学报;2011年02期
，本文编号：2183325
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