《中国妇女》杂志的性别话语研究（1990～2009）
发布时间：2018-08-14 16:10
【摘要】：本文是关于1990年—2009年20年间《中国妇女》杂志中性别话语表达状况的研究。使用社会性别理论的视角,在社会转型所带来的媒介市场化与大众文化世俗化背景下,国家话语、市场力量、社会性别力量、传统性别意识形态等多种力量的博弈、协商,研究在代表国家主流意识形态的官方女性媒介中,性别话语是如何被建构的。 文章首先通过对1990年—2009年的《中国妇女》杂志进行了封面人物统计、报道对象的身份角色分析以及对报道的内容分析,梳理了《中国妇女》杂志20年间的报道走向,以及两个时间段报道的变化,对20年来的《中国妇女》杂志有一个总绘。基于上文的分析结果发现国家话语在女性杂志中占据主导地位,设置了杂志的议程。同时进一步通过对《中国妇女》杂志文本的解读,发现性别意识始终是服务于国家主导意识形态的,同时存在的性别与阶级的互相遮蔽,使得女性进一步内化了性别不平等的意识,加剧了性别不平等的现实状况,不利于女性“主体性”建构与认知。同时梳理了社会转型期商业化、消费文化以及社会思潮的变迁大背景下中国性别话语的转变。市场力量的上升有消解国家话语的积极影响,为性别话语的呈现提供了更多可能的空间,但国家话语的意识形态主导力量是一直存在并始终发挥作用的,并且在国家与市场的合谋之下,性别不平等的机制以更加隐蔽的形式呈现,加剧了性别意识形态上的“集体无意识”。最后通过对《中国妇女》杂志内容的文本分析,和对杂志从业人员的访谈,呈现性别话语在各种权力关系中的现状,并试图发现未来可发展的空间。提出由于《中国妇女》杂志作为妇联机关刊的特殊性,使得其有可能免于市场逻辑过于商业化,保持杂志内容相对独立。杂志内部的从业人员应把握住性别话语的发展空间,加强性别意识,并尽可能将这种性别意识融入到杂志文本之中。 通过以上研究发现,国家、市场与女性主义这三种力量,既发生在话语场域,即试图通过“收编”,“相互渗透”,“相互妥协”的过程,构成内部相对一致的话语体系。同时,它们相互冲突、渗透和调和,构成社会转型过程中女性主义话语实践的历史场景与得以实践的空间。但对于中国的女性主义来说,如果认为市场化是对国家话语的消解,对霸权的一种反抗途径,从而认为中国的性别平等达到了一个新高度,为中国女性在媒介中多种多样的呈现方式“鼓与呼”的话,则是由于以上表象遮蔽了意识形态过程、文化和表征政治的重要性。任何武断式的“进步”或“退步”的判断都不能对这一阶段中国大众媒介中的性别话语做出辩证客观的结论,中国女性主义应该从日益扩大的空间中寻找更多协商的机会,成长为各种权力关系中更具话语权的力量。
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of gender discourse expression in Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009. From the perspective of gender theory, under the background of media marketization and secularization of mass culture brought about by social transformation, the game of national discourse, market forces, social gender forces, traditional gender ideology, etc. This paper studies how the gender discourse is constructed in the official female media, which represents the mainstream ideology of the country. First of all, through the cover statistics of the Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009, the identity role analysis of the subjects and the analysis of the content of the report, the article combs the reporting trend of the Chinese Women's magazine in the past 20 years. And two time periods of reporting changes, for the past 20 years of the Chinese Women magazine has a general picture. Based on the above analysis, it is found that state discourse dominates women's magazines and sets their agenda. At the same time, through the further reading of the Chinese Women's magazine text, it is found that the gender consciousness always serves the leading ideology of the country, and the existence of gender and class obscures each other at the same time. It makes women further internalize the consciousness of gender inequality, exacerbates the reality of gender inequality, and is not conducive to the construction and cognition of women's subjectivity. At the same time, it combs the change of Chinese gender discourse under the background of commercialization, consumption culture and social trend of thought in the period of social transformation. The rise of market forces has the positive effect of dispelling the state discourse, which provides more possible space for the presentation of gender discourse, but the ideological dominant force of the national discourse has always existed and has always played a role. Moreover, under the complicity of the state and the market, the mechanism of gender inequality is presented in a more concealed form, which intensifies the "collective unconscious" in gender ideology. Finally, through the text analysis of the contents of the magazine "Chinese Women" and the interviews with the magazine practitioners, the paper presents the present situation of gender discourse in various power relations, and tries to find out the space for future development. Because of the particularity of Chinese Women's magazine as an official publication of Women's Federation, it is possible to avoid the excessive commercialization of market logic and keep the content of the magazine relatively independent. The practitioners in the magazine should grasp the development space of the gender discourse, strengthen the gender consciousness, and integrate this gender consciousness into the magazine text as far as possible. Through the study above, it is found that the three forces of state, market and feminism occur in the discourse field, that is, through the process of "integration", "mutual penetration" and "mutual compromise", they form a relatively consistent internal discourse system. At the same time, they conflict with each other, infiltrate and reconcile each other, and constitute the historical scene of feminist discourse practice and the space of practice in the process of social transformation. But for Chinese feminism, if we think that marketization is a way to dispel national discourse and resist hegemony, then we think that China's gender equality has reached a new height. "Drum and exclamation" for Chinese women in the media is because the above appearance obscures the importance of ideological process, culture and representational politics. Any arbitrary judgment of "progress" or "retrogression" cannot draw a dialectical and objective conclusion about the gender discourse in the Chinese mass media at this stage. Chinese feminism should seek more opportunities for consultation from the expanding space. To grow into a more vocal power in various power relationships.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G237.5
本文编号：2183404
[Abstract]:This paper is a study of gender discourse expression in Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009. From the perspective of gender theory, under the background of media marketization and secularization of mass culture brought about by social transformation, the game of national discourse, market forces, social gender forces, traditional gender ideology, etc. This paper studies how the gender discourse is constructed in the official female media, which represents the mainstream ideology of the country. First of all, through the cover statistics of the Chinese Women's magazine from 1990 to 2009, the identity role analysis of the subjects and the analysis of the content of the report, the article combs the reporting trend of the Chinese Women's magazine in the past 20 years. And two time periods of reporting changes, for the past 20 years of the Chinese Women magazine has a general picture. Based on the above analysis, it is found that state discourse dominates women's magazines and sets their agenda. At the same time, through the further reading of the Chinese Women's magazine text, it is found that the gender consciousness always serves the leading ideology of the country, and the existence of gender and class obscures each other at the same time. It makes women further internalize the consciousness of gender inequality, exacerbates the reality of gender inequality, and is not conducive to the construction and cognition of women's subjectivity. At the same time, it combs the change of Chinese gender discourse under the background of commercialization, consumption culture and social trend of thought in the period of social transformation. The rise of market forces has the positive effect of dispelling the state discourse, which provides more possible space for the presentation of gender discourse, but the ideological dominant force of the national discourse has always existed and has always played a role. Moreover, under the complicity of the state and the market, the mechanism of gender inequality is presented in a more concealed form, which intensifies the "collective unconscious" in gender ideology. Finally, through the text analysis of the contents of the magazine "Chinese Women" and the interviews with the magazine practitioners, the paper presents the present situation of gender discourse in various power relations, and tries to find out the space for future development. Because of the particularity of Chinese Women's magazine as an official publication of Women's Federation, it is possible to avoid the excessive commercialization of market logic and keep the content of the magazine relatively independent. The practitioners in the magazine should grasp the development space of the gender discourse, strengthen the gender consciousness, and integrate this gender consciousness into the magazine text as far as possible. Through the study above, it is found that the three forces of state, market and feminism occur in the discourse field, that is, through the process of "integration", "mutual penetration" and "mutual compromise", they form a relatively consistent internal discourse system. At the same time, they conflict with each other, infiltrate and reconcile each other, and constitute the historical scene of feminist discourse practice and the space of practice in the process of social transformation. But for Chinese feminism, if we think that marketization is a way to dispel national discourse and resist hegemony, then we think that China's gender equality has reached a new height. "Drum and exclamation" for Chinese women in the media is because the above appearance obscures the importance of ideological process, culture and representational politics. Any arbitrary judgment of "progress" or "retrogression" cannot draw a dialectical and objective conclusion about the gender discourse in the Chinese mass media at this stage. Chinese feminism should seek more opportunities for consultation from the expanding space. To grow into a more vocal power in various power relationships.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G237.5
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