近十年上海老年读者群体阅读习惯的实证分析（2000-2010）

发布时间：2018-10-18 07:26

【摘要】：近十年来,我国人口结构老龄化速度加快,单纯的物质养老模式已不能满足老龄化社会的要求,精神养老呼之欲出。阅读作为人类获取信息、传承知识的主要手段,更是人类获得精神满足的重要途径。上海是我国经济最发达、人口老龄化程度最高的城市,研究上海老年人阅读环境和阅读习惯,不仅有助于了解当代老年人的精神需求情况,还可为我国其他地区的精神养老服务提供借鉴经验。本文在对阅读的概念进行界定、简要介绍近年来国内外相关的阅读研究成果的基础上,通过对调查问卷和实地访谈等方式得到的有关数据进行分析总结,提取上海市部分区域的老年读者群体近十年来的阅读情况。继而找出造成这种情况的自然、社会和文化方面的因素,并最终尝试以政府、公共阅读机构、出版机构和家庭为主体,寻求改善提高阅读活动对老人精神满意水平促进作用的措施。调查发现近十年上海老人的阅读环境受到更多来自社会变迁和科技进步等因素的影响,旧有阅读观念也随之有所变动。上海老年人的阅读习惯改变较小,仍视阅读为重要休闲活动,尤其对纸质读物保有较强阅读欲望。伴随地区经济和科技高速发展,新的家庭结构及养老模式冲击了传统老人本位的孝文化,功利阅读思潮扭曲着大众对阅读的态度,老年人在社会角色的转型中承受着更多精神压力,也日益重视阅读活动所内含的及衍生的精神慰藉功能。与此相矛盾的是,老人受到身体健康、教育程度、社会精神养老支持力度及良好阅读习惯等条件制约,阅读障碍增多,阅读需求和满足之间矛盾突出。针对上述矛盾,政府方面应主动承担起精神养老的重任,借助大众传媒普及精神养老理念,通过开发数字电视阅读模式和扶持发展社会精神敬老志愿者服务等,增强阅读活动对丰富老人精神生活的作用。公共阅读机构应开展专项扶老阅读工作,设立老年读者专区及指导家庭藏书建设等服务。出版机构应在持续开发传统老年图书品种的同时关注该群体新的阅读需求,增加出版物中的音图元素以提高纸质读物的易用性,制作质优价廉图书。对于每个家庭来说,开展家庭互动阅读尤其是亲子、亲老阅读活动有助于增强老人精神满足感。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, the aging speed of population structure in China has been accelerated, and the simple material old-age support model can not meet the requirements of the aging society. As the main means for human to acquire information and pass on knowledge, reading is an important way for human to obtain spiritual satisfaction. Shanghai is the city with the most developed economy and the highest aging population. Studying the reading environment and reading habits of the elderly in Shanghai is not only helpful to understand the spiritual needs of the contemporary elderly, It can also be used for reference in other regions of our country. On the basis of defining the concept of reading and briefly introducing the related reading research results at home and abroad in recent years, this paper analyzes and summarizes the relevant data obtained by questionnaire and field interviews. To extract the reading situation of the elderly readers in some regions of Shanghai in the past ten years. And then identify the natural, social and cultural factors that cause this, and ultimately try to take the government, the public reading agency, the publishing agency and the family as the mainstay, Measures to improve the promoting effect of reading activities on the mental satisfaction of the elderly are sought. It is found that the reading environment of the elderly in Shanghai has been influenced by many factors such as social changes and scientific and technological progress in recent ten years, and the old reading concepts have also changed. The old people in Shanghai have little change in reading habits and still regard reading as an important leisure activity, especially have a strong reading desire for paper reading materials. With the rapid development of regional economy and science and technology, the new family structure and old-age support model have impacted on the traditional filial piety culture of the elderly, and the trend of utilitarian reading distorts the public's attitude towards reading. The elderly bear more mental pressure in the transformation of social role, and pay more attention to the psychological comfort function of reading activities. Paradoxically, the elderly are restricted by physical health, education, social mental support and good reading habits, the reading obstacles increase, and the contradiction between reading needs and satisfaction is prominent. In view of the above contradictions, the government should take the initiative to shoulder the heavy responsibility of mental old-age support, popularize the concept of mental old-age support with the help of mass media, develop the mode of digital television reading and support and develop the social spirit and respect for the elderly volunteers, etc. Strengthen reading activities to enrich the spiritual life of the elderly. Public reading institutions should carry out special reading work for the elderly, set up special areas for the elderly readers and guide the construction of family books. The publishing institutions should pay attention to the new reading needs of this group while continuing to develop the traditional varieties of old books, increase the phonetic and graphic elements in the publications in order to improve the ease of use of paper reading materials and make books of high quality and low price. For every family, family interactive reading, especially parent-child reading, helps to enhance the elderly's spiritual satisfaction.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G239.2

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