符号学视角下的《大众》画报研究
发布时间：2018-11-04 20:08
【摘要】：画报是晚清以来出现的一种媒介,以“图像”为主的形式,在当时深受欢迎。二十世纪三十年代,以上海为代表的现代都市文化和消费文化勃兴,各类期刊、画报蜂起,《大众》画报是其中的代表之一。另一方面,上述媒介的兴起又反向促进了中国的现代化进程。本文以罗兰·巴特的符号学理论为基础,结合图像分析法,文体分析法、历史研究法、统计研究法对《大众》画报所载照片进行分析解读,以探究《大众》画报如何试图通过影像建构现代化的民族国家。作为一个大都市的现代媒介,《大众》创刊的背景是上海的“摩登”文化。本文在厘清创刊背景的前提下,初步探明《大众》刊载的内容,对其进行分类,是进一步解读的基础。在此基础上,本文以两大主线即“影像与现代民族国家的建构”和“影像与摩登时代的大众生活”来深入解读《大众》刊载内容及其现代性。其一,《大众》刊载12期连载王小亭“中国游记”,以及连续刊载7期“中国名山影集”,边疆地区和中国名山是中国领土不可分割的一部分,其以影像的方式固化为一种符号,强化了一个国家民众对于领土范围的认同;其二,《大众》大量刊载西部少数民族地区的人物肖像、生活场景,中国是一个多民族的国家,对少数民族的“观看”,强化了中华民族共同体的概念;其三,新闻性是《大众》的办刊追求之一,其新闻报道分国内时事和国际时事,国际新闻是民众了解世界的一个窗口,在大量的会议和外交影像中,民众对于主权有了更深的认识;其四,三十年代出现了航空救国的热潮,军舰、飞机也是《大众》刊载的热点,对于民众确立海防意识有积极意义。以上四点刚对应了构建一个现代民族国家必不可少的要素:以民族认同为前提,拥有明确的领土范围和独立的主权,且需要有力的国防保障。是为论文第二章的论述内容。第三章从大众生活层面展开。“摩登”文化背景下,以上海为代表的现代都市生活,开始向传统生活发起一系列挑战。其一是身体解放带来的妇女留新式头发,着新式衣服,举办新式婚姻,提倡自由恋爱。其地位提升,不再是男性的附属,对于健美、活力的追捧构成了三十年代的一个标志特征特点。其二,《大众》注重从日常生活的寻常景物中发现美创造美,致力于提升大众审美文化修养,从而建确立现代公民意识。总体来说,《大众》以“影像”的方式回应了我国的现代化发展进程,同时,对于民众意识上的现代化不遗余力的进行启蒙与引导,《大众》刊行跨度为1933-1935年,虽然短暂,但是其对于现代化建构的努力值得肯定,同时,也给予我们启示:现代化是一个漫长的过程,它不可能一蹴而就,也不是某个报刊能解决的问题,而是需要整个国家、社会、乃至民众共同的努力。
[Abstract]:Pictorial is a kind of medium which appeared since late Qing Dynasty. It was popular at that time in the form of "image". In the 1930s, the modern urban culture and consumer culture, represented by Shanghai, flourished, and various periodicals and pictorial became popular, among which the pictorial was one of the representatives. On the other hand, the rise of the above-mentioned media has promoted China's modernization process in reverse. On the basis of Roland Bart's semiotic theory, this paper analyzes and interprets the photographs contained in the pictorial of the masses by combining image analysis, stylistic analysis, historical research and statistical research. This paper explores how pictorial attempts to construct a modern nation-state through images. As a modern medium of metropolis, the background of mass publication is Shanghai's "modern" culture. On the premise of clarifying the background of the publication, this paper preliminarily finds out the contents of the publication and classifies it, which is the basis of further interpretation. On the basis of this, this paper deeply interprets the contents of the publication of the Mass and its modernity with two main lines: "Image and the Construction of Modern National State" and "Image and the popular Life in Modern Times". First, "the masses" published 12 serial issues of Wang Xiaoting's Journey to China, and seven consecutive issues of Chinese famous Mountain Pictures. Border areas and famous Chinese mountains are an inalienable part of Chinese territory. It solidifies as a symbol by the way of image, which strengthens the identity of the people of a country to the territorial scope; Second, the "masses" published a large number of portraits of the western minority areas, life scenes, China is a multi-ethnic country, the "viewing" of ethnic minorities, strengthened the concept of the Chinese national community; Third, journalism is one of the pursuit of the publication of "the masses". Its news reports are divided into domestic and international current affairs. International news is a window for the public to understand the world. In a large number of meetings and diplomatic images, People have a deeper understanding of sovereignty; In the fourth and thirties, there was an upsurge in aviation saving the country. Warships and planes were also the hot spots in the publication of "the masses", which had a positive significance for the people to establish the awareness of coastal defense. The above four points just correspond to the essential elements of the construction of a modern nation-state: the premise of national identity, the clear territorial scope and independent sovereignty, and the need for strong national defense. It is the content of the second chapter of the thesis. The third chapter starts from the mass life level. Under the background of modern culture, modern urban life, represented by Shanghai, began to challenge traditional life. One is the liberation of women with new hair, new clothes, new marriages and free love. Its status is no longer attached to men, for fitness, vitality of the thirties constitute a hallmark of the characteristics. Second, the masses pay attention to the discovery of beauty from ordinary scenes in daily life, and devote themselves to promoting the cultivation of aesthetic culture of the masses so as to establish a modern sense of citizenship. In general, the "masses" responded to the modernization process of our country in the form of "images". At the same time, they spared no effort to enlighten and guide the modernization of the people's consciousness. The publication of "the masses" lasted for 1933-1935, although it was brief. But its efforts to construct modernization are worthy of recognition. At the same time, they also give us enlightenment: modernization is a long process, it cannot be accomplished overnight, nor is it a problem that a certain newspaper can solve, but it needs the whole country and society. And even the common efforts of the people.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G239.29;J409.2
本文编号：2311004
[Abstract]:Pictorial is a kind of medium which appeared since late Qing Dynasty. It was popular at that time in the form of "image". In the 1930s, the modern urban culture and consumer culture, represented by Shanghai, flourished, and various periodicals and pictorial became popular, among which the pictorial was one of the representatives. On the other hand, the rise of the above-mentioned media has promoted China's modernization process in reverse. On the basis of Roland Bart's semiotic theory, this paper analyzes and interprets the photographs contained in the pictorial of the masses by combining image analysis, stylistic analysis, historical research and statistical research. This paper explores how pictorial attempts to construct a modern nation-state through images. As a modern medium of metropolis, the background of mass publication is Shanghai's "modern" culture. On the premise of clarifying the background of the publication, this paper preliminarily finds out the contents of the publication and classifies it, which is the basis of further interpretation. On the basis of this, this paper deeply interprets the contents of the publication of the Mass and its modernity with two main lines: "Image and the Construction of Modern National State" and "Image and the popular Life in Modern Times". First, "the masses" published 12 serial issues of Wang Xiaoting's Journey to China, and seven consecutive issues of Chinese famous Mountain Pictures. Border areas and famous Chinese mountains are an inalienable part of Chinese territory. It solidifies as a symbol by the way of image, which strengthens the identity of the people of a country to the territorial scope; Second, the "masses" published a large number of portraits of the western minority areas, life scenes, China is a multi-ethnic country, the "viewing" of ethnic minorities, strengthened the concept of the Chinese national community; Third, journalism is one of the pursuit of the publication of "the masses". Its news reports are divided into domestic and international current affairs. International news is a window for the public to understand the world. In a large number of meetings and diplomatic images, People have a deeper understanding of sovereignty; In the fourth and thirties, there was an upsurge in aviation saving the country. Warships and planes were also the hot spots in the publication of "the masses", which had a positive significance for the people to establish the awareness of coastal defense. The above four points just correspond to the essential elements of the construction of a modern nation-state: the premise of national identity, the clear territorial scope and independent sovereignty, and the need for strong national defense. It is the content of the second chapter of the thesis. The third chapter starts from the mass life level. Under the background of modern culture, modern urban life, represented by Shanghai, began to challenge traditional life. One is the liberation of women with new hair, new clothes, new marriages and free love. Its status is no longer attached to men, for fitness, vitality of the thirties constitute a hallmark of the characteristics. Second, the masses pay attention to the discovery of beauty from ordinary scenes in daily life, and devote themselves to promoting the cultivation of aesthetic culture of the masses so as to establish a modern sense of citizenship. In general, the "masses" responded to the modernization process of our country in the form of "images". At the same time, they spared no effort to enlighten and guide the modernization of the people's consciousness. The publication of "the masses" lasted for 1933-1935, although it was brief. But its efforts to construct modernization are worthy of recognition. At the same time, they also give us enlightenment: modernization is a long process, it cannot be accomplished overnight, nor is it a problem that a certain newspaper can solve, but it needs the whole country and society. And even the common efforts of the people.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G239.29;J409.2
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