新民主主义革命时期党的纯洁性建设的历史经验研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 15:34

  本文选题：新民主主义革命 + 中国共产党　； 参考：《山东大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：重视党的纯洁性建设,是马克思主义政党本质属性。中国共产党一直十分重视党的纯洁性建设。本文以新民主主义革命时期党的纯洁性建设作为研究对象,在分析纯洁性建设基本内涵与理论支撑的基础上,系统梳理和总结这一时期党的纯洁性建设的理论与实践探索,归纳其基本经验,希望对于今天保持党的纯洁性提供一定的借鉴。当然,这也是我们对革命先辈们丰功伟绩的深深致敬。纯洁性建设,关系到政党的存在合理性、合法性和政党的生命力、发展前景。政党纯洁性,是政党建立以后,发展存续过程中所展现出来的状态、行为、实践与其宗旨、纲领、目标等体现的与政党的内在本质属性之间的相符合的程度。这种相洽性,对于先进的马克思主义政党来说,显得更为突出。在马克思主义政党的实践过程中,要想实现这种相洽性,必然要在马克思主义党的学说指导下进行提高自身纯洁性的理论和实践活动,这一系列的活动,就叫党的纯洁性建设。可以这么说,纯洁性是目标,纯洁性建设是为实现这个目标而采取的实践形式。中国共产党是马克思主义指导下的先进政党,加强纯洁性建设,是党的建设中的应有之义。但是,中国共产党的纯洁性建设有更为特殊的意义。主要从理论基础和组织管理、内在基因与外在形象、监督约束与震慑预防等方面入手,在思想、组织、作风、清廉等方面加强纯洁性建设,不断增强自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高的能力。党的纯洁性建设,首先是中国共产党所领导的新民主主义革命实践的客观需要,同时,它的产生又有其重要的理论渊源。马克思恩格斯的政党建设理论中已经富含党的纯洁性建设的思想意蕴,在他们的革命理论与实践中,一直重视党的纯洁性建设,提出了一系列理论原则和要求,这些思想观点,成为中国共产党加强自身纯洁性建设的重要理论依据。而列宁在领导布尔什维克党进行伟大的苏维埃革命中的建党实践,则给予了中国共产党直接的理论启迪。在俄国的建党实践中,列宁针对国内的实际情况,提出了一系列保持党的纯洁性的观点、措施和主张,保证了布尔什维克党夺取政权和顺利执政。他的关于党的纯洁性建设的思想可以从十月革命前和十月革命后两个阶段集中体现出来。同时还应当看到,深厚的中国传统文化带给中国共产党的影响,传统文化中的关于心性修养的思想与马克思主义的纯洁性建党思想涵融汇通,给中国共产党的纯洁性建设提供了多维的理论支撑。新民主主义革命时期,中国共产党人在荆棘载途的革命实践中,对党的纯洁性建设进行了艰辛的实践探索,在这一实践过程中,中国共产党逐步形成了一套自身的纯洁机制,通过思想教育、组织建设、整风运动、制度建设、整肃纪律等措施,淘汰了一批批腐败者、落伍者,保持了党的肌体纯洁性,为战胜各种艰难险阻创造了有利条件。建党之初,党就确立了纯洁性建设的基本原则,旗帜鲜明地亮明了自己的奋斗目标,规定了党的组织原则和组织纪律。大革命时期,党把党员成分纯洁、思想纯洁、组织纯洁看得特别重要。土地革命战争时期,以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人,在领导人民进行中国革命的伟大实践中,对党的纯洁性建设进行了创造性探索。古田会议首次提出在思想上加强党的建设。遵义会议结束了教条主义在党内的统治,纯洁了党的思想,重新树立了实事求是的思想路线。抗日战争时期,整风运动对如何加强党的纯洁性建设进行了系统的设计,并取得了巨大成效。党的七大,对党的纯洁性建设的探索较之以前更为全面,在政治上、思想上、组织上和作风上的纯洁性建设均有许多重大建树。解放战争时期,党的纯洁性建设开展的有声有色,注重组织纯洁,谨慎发展党员。在土地改革过程中,创建了"三查""三整"等基层党的纯洁性建设的新模式。在七届二中全会上所提出的"两个务必",彰显了党对执政党纯洁性建设的主动性和预见性。在新民主主义革命时期,为了建设一支思想上巩固政治上坚定组织上严整作风上清廉的革命队伍,党的领导人对此进行了艰苦的理论探索。毛泽东明确要求要用无产阶级思想进行军队和党的建设,创造性地提出了从思想上建党的原则。要求全党坚决抵制各种反马克思主义思想的侵蚀,坚决同各种违背马克思主义的错误思想作斗争,使新民主主义革命沿着正确的路线走下去。刘少奇则把马克思主义关于无产阶级在改造客观世界的同时也要改造自己的主观世界的理论同中国文化注重个人修养、崇尚人格完善的优秀传统相结合,创造性地提出党性修养理论。许多共产党员进行党性修养和锻炼,提高了自身纯洁性。周恩来身体力行党的纯洁性原则,他所制定的修养要则,体现了他对纯洁性建设的深刻认识和高度自觉,为全党树立了保持纯洁性的楷模,开拓了一条纯洁性建设的途径。朱德在领导革命军队和指挥革命实践的过程中,注重部队中党员的组织纪律建设,认为提高政治觉悟需要政治训练。陈云最早阐释党的纯洁性基本内涵,认为党必须经常有系统地调剂自己党员的成分。在党的第一代领导人那里,党的纯洁性建设理论从不同角度得以思考和阐述,最终以集体智慧结晶的形式形成了新民主主义革命时期党的纯洁性建设理论。历史经验是真知灼见之母。新民主主义革命时期,既是中国共产党领导人民进行社会革命,取得执政地位的过程,也是党通过不断地自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高,自始至终保持纯洁性的过程。我们党之所以能取得新民主主义革命的伟大胜利,是与始终把纯洁性建设作为中国共产党的本质要求,在严酷的环境中警醒戒惕,秉承正确的政治路线,反对错误倾向,采取合适形式,进行全方位系统净化分不开的。历史实践证明,纯洁性建设是党产生创造力、凝聚力、战斗力的一脉清源。新民主主义革命时期党的纯洁性建设的历史经验集中表现为:其一,党的纯洁性建设是一个坚定不移的优良传统;其二,党的纯洁性建设是一项多方位的系统工程,是党对自身的全方位系统净化,这是党的纯洁性建设的一条重要规律;其三,"着重从思想上建党"是党的纯洁性建设的重要特色;其四,发展"真同志"做党员,这是党的纯洁性建设的基石;其五,"发扬三大优良作风",这是党的纯洁性建设的关键;其六,"厉行廉洁政治",这是党的纯洁性建设的根本要求。回看历史,我们能够看到,中国共产党从筚路蓝缕发展到了蔚为大观,勇挑重担,带领全国人民完成了民族独立和人民解放的历史任务,与中国共产党高度重视保持自身纯洁性,打造了一支拥有共同目标理想、具有战斗力和凝聚力的党员队伍不无相关。新民主主义革命时期,党的纯洁性建设经验极大的开拓了马克思主义关于党的纯洁性建设理论的新境界:思想上建党,提升了党的纯洁性建设的新高度;开展集中教育,开辟了党的纯洁性建设的新模式;认识到制度建党的重要性,找到了党的纯洁性建设的新方向。其实践价值在于:纯洁性建设帮助党战胜了不足,壮大了自身;纯洁性建设帮助党赢得了人心,赢得了群众;纯洁性建设帮助党克服了险阻,取得了胜利。新民主主义革命时期党的纯洁性建设经验对今天具有重要的启示意义:要有战略眼光,明确纯洁性建设的极端重要性;要有系统设计,抓好党的纯洁性整体建设;要保持思想纯洁,坚定理想信念;要保持组织纯洁,永葆青春活力;要保持作风纯洁,营造良好党内风气;要搞好清正廉洁,坚决反对腐败;要真管严管长管,大力加强监督和严明纪律;要发挥内外力量,制度约束和党性修养相结合;要领导干部带头,做好自身纯洁性建设;要采取合适形式,不断创新发展。
[Abstract]:Attaching importance to the construction of the purity of the party is the essential attribute of the Marx party. The Communist Party of China has always attached great importance to the party's purity construction. This article takes the construction of the purity of the party as the research object in the period of the new democratic revolution. On the basis of the analysis of the basic connotation and theoretical support of the construction of purity, the party has been systematically combed and summed up in this period. The theoretical and practical exploration of the construction of purity and its basic experience, and hope to provide a certain reference for the purity of the party today. Of course, it is also our deep tribute to the great achievements of the revolutionary ancestors. The construction of purity, the rationality of the existence of the party, the vitality of the party and the vitality of the party, the future of the development of the party. Sex is the degree to which the state, behavior, practice and its purposes, programs, goals, etc., manifested in the process of the development of the party after the establishment of a political party, are consistent with the intrinsic nature of the party. This consistency is more prominent for the advanced Marx political party. In the practice of the Marx political party In order to achieve this consistency, it is necessary to carry out the theoretical and practical activities of improving its purity under the guidance of the theory of the Marx party. This series of activities is called the construction of the purity of the party. So it can be said that purity is the goal and the construction of purity is a practical form for the realization of this goal. The Communist Party of China is the practice. The advanced political parties under the guidance of Marx's doctrine and strengthening the construction of purity are the proper meaning in the construction of the party. However, the construction of the purity of the Communist Party of China has a more special significance. It mainly starts with the theoretical basis and organizational management, internal gene and external image, supervision and restraint and deterrence prevention, in thought, organization, style, and honesty. The construction of purity, self-improvement, self-improvement, self innovation and self improvement are strengthened. The construction of the purity of the party is the objective need of the new democratic revolutionary practice led by the Communist Party of China. At the same time, its production has its important theoretical origin. In Marx Engels's theory of political party construction, the party's theory of political party construction It has been rich in the ideological connotation of the construction of the purity of the party. In their revolutionary theory and practice, it has always attached importance to the construction of the purity of the party and put forward a series of theoretical principles and requirements. These ideas have become an important basis for the Communist Party of China to strengthen the construction of its own purity. And Lenin is leading the Bolshevik party to be great. The practice of Party building in the Soviet revolution gave direct theoretical enlightenment to the Communist Party of China. In the practice of the construction of the party in Russia, Lenin put forward a series of views, measures and claims on maintaining the purity of the party in accordance with the actual situation of the country. It ensured that the Bull J Vic Party took power and was in power. His purity on the party was built. The thought can be embodied from the two stages of the October revolution and the October after the revolution. At the same time, we should also see the influence of the profound Chinese traditional culture on the Communist Party of China, the thought of the heart cultivation in the traditional culture and the purity of Marx's idea of building the party, and to build the purity of the Communist Party of China. The establishment provided a multidimensional theoretical support. During the new democratic revolution, the Chinese Communists carried out hard practical exploration of the party's purity construction in the revolutionary practice of the thorns and thorns. In this practice, the Communist Party of China gradually formed a set of its own pure mechanism, through ideological education, organization construction and rectification movement. System construction, purge discipline and other measures, eliminate a batch of corrupt and outdated people, keep the purity of the party and create favorable conditions for defeating all kinds of difficulties and dangers. At the beginning of the party building, the Party established the basic principle of the construction of purity, clearly brightly brighten the goals of its own struggle and stipulated the organizational principles and organization discipline of the party. During the period of the great revolution, the party made the party members pure, pure and pure. In the period of the revolutionary war in the land, the Chinese Communists, represented by Mao Zedong, made a creative exploration of the party's purity construction in the great practice of leading the people to carry out the Chinese revolution. The Gutian conference proposed for the first time in thought. The construction of strong party. The Zunyi conference ended the rule of dogmatism in the party, pure the thought of the party and reestablished the ideological line of seeking truth from facts. During the war of resistance against Japan, the rectification movement had made a systematic design on how to strengthen the party's purity construction and achieved great effect. The Seventh National Congress of the party has explored the purity construction of the party. In the period of the liberation war, the purity construction of the party was carried out, the purity of the party was organized and the party members were carefully developed. In the process of land reform, a new model of the purity construction of the grass-roots party, such as "three checks", "three whole" and so on, was created in the process of land reform. The "Two Musts", put forward in the second Plenary Session of the 7th CPC Central Committee, highlighted the initiative and foresight of the party's purity construction of the ruling party. In the period of the new democratic revolution, in order to build a revolutionary team that firmly organized a firm and honest style in the political organization, the leader of the party carried out a hard theoretical exploration. Zedong made a clear demand for the construction of the army and party with the idea of proletariat, and creatively put forward the principle of building the party in thought. It requires the whole party to resolutely resist the erosion of all kinds of anti Marx ideology, resolutely fight against all kinds of wrong ideas that violate Marx's doctrine, and make the new democratic revolution go down the correct line. Liu Shaoji's theory of Marx doctrine that the proletariat has to remould the objective world and remould his own subjective world, combined with Chinese culture to pay attention to personal accomplishment and the excellent tradition of improving personality, creatively put forward the theory of party spirit. Many Communists carry out party spirit and exercise to improve their own purity. "Cleanliness." Zhou Enlai has done the party's principle of purity. The key to his cultivation embodies his profound understanding of the construction of purity and a high degree of consciousness. He has set up a model for maintaining purity for the whole Party and opened up a way of purity construction. Zhu De pays attention to the army in the process of leading the revolutionary army and directing the revolutionary practice. The construction of Party members' organizational discipline believes that political awareness is needed to improve political awareness. Chen Yun explained the basic connotation of the purity of the party at the earliest, that the party must regularly adjust the composition of its own party members. In the first generation of party leaders, the party's theory of purity construction was thought and elaborated from different angles, and finally the collective wisdom was made. The form of crystallization formed the theory of the party's purity construction in the period of the new democratic revolution. Historical experience is the mother of insight. In the period of the new democratic revolution, it was the process of the Chinese Communist Party leading the people to carry out the social revolution and the ruling position. It was also the party's purification, self perfection, self innovation and self improvement through continuous self purification. The process of maintaining purity from beginning to end. The great victory of our party's success in the new democratic revolution is to keep the essence of purity construction as the essential requirement of the Communist Party of China, to alert and alert in the harsh environment, to uphold the correct political line, to oppose the wrong inclination, to take the appropriate form and to carry out a comprehensive system of purification. Historical practice has proved that purity construction is the source of the party's creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity. The historical experience of the party's purity construction during the period of the new democratic revolution is as follows: first, the construction of the purity of the party is an unswerving and fine tradition; secondly, the construction of the purity of the party is a multifaceted department. It is an important rule of the party's purity construction, which is an important rule of the party's purity construction. Thirdly, "focus on the idea of Party building" is an important feature of the party's purity construction; fourthly, to develop "true comrades" as Party members, this is the cornerstone of the Party's purity construction; and fifth, "carry forward the three great fine styles", which is the purity of the party. The key to the construction is: six, "enforce the honest and clean politics", which is the fundamental requirement of the party's purity construction. Look back at the history. We can see that the Communist Party of China has developed a great view, carried out the heavy burden, led the people to complete the historical task of national independence and the liberation of the people, and attached great importance to the Communist Party of China to maintain itself. In the new democratic revolution period, the party's experience in the construction of the purity of the party opened up a new realm of Marx's theory of purity construction of the party: the establishment of the party in thought, which promoted the new height of the party's purity construction; The development of centralized education has opened up a new model of the party's purity construction, recognized the importance of the party building and found the new direction of the party's purity construction. Its practical value lies in the fact that purity construction helps the party to defeat the party and strengthen itself; the purity construction helps the party win the people's heart and win the masses; purity construction helps the party. In the period of the new democratic revolution, the party's purity construction experience has important implications for the party's purity construction during the period of the new democratic revolution. We should have a strategic vision to clarify the extreme importance of the construction of purity; to have a systematic design for the overall construction of the purity of the Party; to preserve the purity of the mind, to firm the ideals and beliefs; to maintain the purity of the organization, To maintain youth vitality; to maintain a clean style of work, to create a good inner-party atmosphere; to do a good job of honesty and integrity and to resolutely oppose corruption; to strengthen supervision and discipline; to combine internal and external forces, institutional constraints and party cultivation; to lead cadres and to build their own purity; to take appropriate forms, and not to take appropriate forms, Break the innovation and development.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D231
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本文编号：1869875