中国共产党党员意愿表达问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 21:33

本文选题：中国共产党 + 党员意愿　；参考：《山西大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：在一定的边界内表达自己的思想观点是当代民主政治国家公民的一项基本权利；允许、支持民众把自己的思想、意见表达出来,是民主政治的重要内容；而民意表达也有其特定的传播方式和社会影响,也会产生特定的社会后果。因此之故,关于民意表达的研究长期以来是政治学、社会学、传播学、法学等学科的一个重点研究领域。尤其是在民意喷涌的当代中国,研究民意表达俨然已经成为一门“显学”,针对不同群体意愿表达的方式、现状、社会影响等形成大量的研究成果。政党作为社会的一个亚组织形态,虽然在不同的国情党情条件下有不完全相同的运转形式,对党内民主、党员表达意见和建议权利的认识也不尽相同,但绝大多数政党都承认党内民主、都主张保障党员民主权利,都认为党员可以在党组织内表达自己的观点和看法。中国共产党是马克思主义政党,发展党内民主、保障党员民主权利是一贯的主张,党员表达自己意见和建议的权利也被党内法规所明确和肯定。毫无疑问,保障党员表达意见和建议的权利,既是党内民主的重要标志,也是党员的基本权利,对于提高中国共产党组织权威的合法性,增强凝聚力、战斗力等都具有非常重要的意义。但是问题在于,这样一个看似基本而重要的权利,无论是在历史还是现实中,都没有达到一种理想的状态,也即中国共产党的党员并不总是能行使表达意见和建议的权利,该权利并没有得到充分的保障,因此,有进一步深入研究的必要。本论文选取这一问题作为研究对象,运用历史和逻辑相结合,分析与综合相结合,具体与抽象相结合,以我为主与比较借鉴相结合,规范分析与实证研究相结合,围绕中国共产党这一特定组织中的党员意愿表达问题,研究其基本理论内涵,揭示其功能价值与权利边界,梳理其历史发展沿革,总结国外政党的经验教训,提出相关的对策建议。全文共分为导论和七章内容。导论重点阐述选题的缘起和选题的意义,总结党员意愿表达国内外的研究现状并进行了简要评述,明确了课题研究的理论基础,介绍了课题研究的基本思路和主要方法。第一章,内涵特质——党员意愿表达的概念解析。由于目前并没有明确的党员意愿表达的概念,所以论文先从民意表达的概念出发,结合马克思主义经典作家以及中国共产党历届领导人的相关表述提炼出了党员意愿表达的概念。以此为基础,结合民意表达的研究成果,对党员意愿表达的类型从性质、形式途径等方面进行了划分,分析了党员意愿表达的构成要件,进而对党员意愿表达与群众意愿表达的联系与区别进行了阐述。第二章,价值功能——发展党员意愿表达的功用分析。保障党员意愿表达权利的价值和功能是多重的。论文以列举的形式指出党员意愿表达体现了对自由、发展和民主等的价值追求,认为党员在党内表达自己的意见和建议主要有增强党员意识的功能、畅通党内信息沟通的功能、稳固执政地位的功能、防止思想僵化的功能、消减党内矛盾的功能、提高党的建设科学化水平的功能、预防和惩治党内腐败的功能等。第三章权利与限定——党员意愿表达的风险与边界。权利的行使总要伴随着一定的后果或影响。本章从风险理论的视角首先阐述了表达行为与社会风险的辩证关联,指出表达一方面有助于缓释社会风险,当另一方面也可能引发社会风险。以此为基础,论述了党员意愿表达行为可能对政党组织造成一定的风险,主要是主体意识丧失的风险、思想混乱的风险、治理失效的风险等。并进而提出了党员意愿表达的边界问题,综合分析了世界区域性人权公约关于表达的边界,梳理了马克思主义经典作家以及中国共产党和其他政党的相关认识,并指明了中国共产党党员的表达应该遵守宪法和法律、伦理道德、党纪党规以及特定时段的边界。第四章他山之石——国外政党党员意愿表达的实践与启示。本章主要介绍分析了包括原苏共在内的马克思主义政党、社会民主党以及其他一些政党在党员意愿表达方面的经验和教训。这些经验和教训除了让我们在具体的微观机制上有所借鉴之外,在宏观的理论认识方面主要有三点启示,也即必须尊重党员表达意愿的权利、必须防止党员意愿表达陷入无序失控状态、必须不断创新有助于党员表达意愿的体制机制。第五章回顾与总结——中国共产党党员意愿表达发展的历史。结合国内关于党内民主发展史的研究成果,对党员意愿表达的发展历史进行了回顾和总结。论文认为,在遵义会议之前党员意愿表达总体上属于萌芽摇摆时期,在遵义会议之后逐步正常化,党员意愿得到有序的表达。新中国成立之初的党员意愿表达的状况总体上比较好,但也暴露出一些苗头性、倾向性问题。八大之后,伴随着左的思想的日益严重,党员意愿表达陷入了无序混乱状态。梳理、总结中共党员意愿表达的发展史可以看出,党员意愿表达的正常与不正常状况的状况交错而存、此消彼长,并没有形成一种相对稳定的态势,而且可以看出党内民主的状况与党的事业发展的状况呈现正相关关系,当党内民主生活比较正常,党员意愿能够通常表达时,党的事业多半来说都处于上升时期；而当党内民主生活出现不正常,党员意愿表达受到压制时,党的事业也就处于低潮或遭遇到了挫折。第六章,成效与不足——党员意愿表达的现状分析。本章主要研究了改革开放以后中国共产党在党员意愿表达方面取得的长足进步,也指出了当前的不足之处。成就在于,认识不断深化、制度规范不断完善、渠道不断拓宽。但是现状依然不尽如人意,主要体现在：表达要求比较强烈但发展状况欠佳,发展党员意愿表达仍然面临多种制约因素,失真性表达与体制外以及违法违纪性表达突出。从原因来看,主要有观念性制约和体制机制性制约。第七章,前瞻与对策——推进党员意愿表达健康发展的思考。本章主要探讨了推进党员意愿表达健康的思路和对策,主要包括应培育有助于党员意愿表达健康发展的思想观念,为此要培育党内民主文化,塑造党员意识,营造有助于党员意愿表达的思想观念环境；要加强党员意愿表达健康发展的制度建设,使党员意愿表达走上制度化的路子,应完善党内权力配置为党员意愿表达奠定科学的党内权力架构,推行党务公开为党员意愿表达提供知情基础；要发展技术性条件拓宽党员意愿表达的渠道,要建设快速回应型政党。
[Abstract]:It is a basic right of the citizens of a contemporary democratic political state to express their ideas in a certain border. It is an important part of democratic politics to allow people to express their ideas and opinions, and the expression of public opinion also has its specific mode of communication and social influence, and it will also produce certain social consequences. Therefore, the research on the expression of public opinion has long been a key research field in the fields of political science, sociology, communication, law and other disciplines. Especially in the contemporary China, the expression of public opinion has become a "study", and a lot of research has been made on the way, status and social influence of different groups of wishes. As a suborganizational form of the society, political parties, although there are not exactly the same forms of operation under the conditions of different national conditions, are different in understanding democracy in the party and the right to express opinions and suggestions for Party members, but the overwhelming majority of political parties recognize that the Democratic Party in the party advocates the protection of the democratic rights of the party members. The party organizations express their views and views. The Communist Party of China is a Marx political party. It is a consistent proposition for the development of Inner Party democracy and the protection of Party members' democratic rights. The rights of Party members to express their opinions and suggestions are clearly defined and affirmed by the Party regulations. There is no doubt that the rights of the party members to express their opinions and suggestions are both inner-party democracy. The important sign and the basic rights of the party members are of great importance to the improvement of the legitimacy of the authority of the Communist Party of China, the strengthening of cohesion and the fighting capacity. But the question is that such a seemingly basic and important right, whether in history or in reality, has not reached an ideal state, that is, the middle of the party. Party members of the Communist Party are not always able to exercise their right to express opinions and suggestions. This right has not been fully guaranteed. Therefore, it is necessary to further study. This paper selects this issue as a research object, combines history and logic, combines analysis and synthesis, and combines specific and abstract. Combining with the reference, combining the normative analysis and the empirical study, we study the party members' intention in the specific organization of the Communist Party of China, study its basic theoretical connotation, reveal its functional value and the right boundary, comb its historical development evolution, sum up the lessons of the foreign political parties, and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions. The full text is divided into the guide. The introduction and seven chapters. The introduction focuses on the origin of the topic and the significance of the topic, summarizes the present status of the research at home and abroad and commented briefly, clarifies the theoretical basis of the research, and introduces the basic ideas and main methods of the research. The first chapter is the concept of the expression of Party members' intention. At present, there is no clear concept of expression of the wishes of the party members, so this paper, starting with the concept of public opinion expression, abstracts the concept of the expression of the wishes of Party members by combining the related statements of the classic Marx writers and the successive leaders of the Communist Party of China. Type from the nature, form and other aspects of the division, analysis of the elements of the expression of Party members' will, and then the expression of Party members will express and the expression of the masses will explain the difference between the second chapter, the value function - the function of the development of Party members' willingness to express the function of the party's will to express the value and function of the right to express the wishes of Party members In the form of enumerating, the paper points out that the expression of Party member's will embodies the value pursuit of freedom, development and democracy. It is believed that party members express their opinions and suggestions in the party mainly to enhance the function of Party members' consciousness, to smooth the function of information communication within the party, to stabilize the function of the ruling position, to prevent the function of rigid thought and to reduce the party's function and to reduce the party's function. The function of internal contradictions, to improve the function of the scientific level of the party construction and to prevent and punish the function of corruption in the party. The third chapter rights and limits - the risks and boundaries expressed by the party's will. The exercise of rights is always accompanied by certain consequences or effects. This chapter first expounds the expression and social risks from the angle of the theory of risk. The dialectical association points out that expression on one hand can help the sustained release of social risk, and on the other hand it may lead to social risk. On the basis of this, it is discussed that party members' willingness to express behavior may cause certain risks to Party organization, mainly the risk of loss of subjective consciousness, the risk of ideological confusion, and the risk of governance failure. The boundary question expressed by the party's wishes is a comprehensive analysis of the boundary of the World Regional Human Rights Convention on the expression, combing the relevant understanding of the classical Marx writers and the Communist Party of China and other parties, and pointing out that the expression of the party members of the Communist Party of China should abide by the Constitution and the law, the ethics, the party discipline and the party rules and the specific period of time. The fourth chapter is the practice and Enlightenment of the expression of the wishes of the party members abroad. This chapter mainly introduces and analyzes the experience and lessons of the Marx party, the Social Democratic Party and some other parties in the expression of Party members' wishes, including the original Soviet Communist Party. On the basis of the mechanism, there are three inspirations in the macro theoretical understanding, that is, to respect the right to express the wishes of the party members. It is necessary to prevent the expression of Party members' willingness to fall into a state of uncontrollable out of control and to innovate the institutional mechanism that will help the party members to express their wishes. The fifth chapter reviews and summarizes the wishes of the party members of the Communist Party of China. The history of the development of the party's democratic development in China is reviewed and summed up in the light of the research achievements on the history of the democratic development of the party in China. The paper holds that, before the Zunyi conference, the expression of Party members' will is generally in the period of sprout swing. After the Zunyi conference, the wishes of the party members are normally expressed. The expression of Party members' intention at the beginning of the founding of China is generally better, but it also exposes some tendencies and tendencies. After the Eighth Congress, with the increasing severity of the left thought, the expression of Party members' willingness is in a disordered state. There is a staggered situation with the situation of the abnormal situation, and the growth and growth of the party has not formed a relatively stable situation, and it can be seen that the state of democracy within the party is positively related to the state of the development of the party. When the democratic life within the party is normal and the party's will is usually expressed, the party's cause is mostly in the rise. When the democratic life of the party appears to be abnormal and the expression of the party's will is suppressed, the party's cause is also at a low tide or encountered setbacks. The sixth chapter is the analysis of the present situation of the expression of Party members' wishes. This chapter mainly studies the great progress made by the Communist Party in the party's wishes expression after the reform and opening up. The achievement lies in the deepening of the understanding, the continuous improvement of the system norms and the widening of the channels. However, the current situation is still unsatisfactory, mainly in the following aspects: the strong expression demands but the poor development situation, the expression of the will of the party members still faces a variety of constraints, the distortion expression and the system, as well as the system, In the seventh chapter, the thinking of promoting the healthy development of Party members' willingness to express the healthy development of Party members' will is discussed in this chapter. This chapter mainly discusses the ideas and Countermeasures to promote the expression of the wishes of the party members. The main package includes the cultivation of the wishes of the Party members to express the healthy hair. The idea of the exhibition is to cultivate the democratic culture within the party, to shape the consciousness of the party members, to create the ideological and ideological environment that is helpful to the expression of the wishes of the party members, to strengthen the system construction of the wishes of the party members to express the healthy development, to make the party members' wishes express the way of institutionalization, and to perfect the party's power to lay a scientific party for the expression of the wishes of the party members. The structure of power and the implementation of the party's public affairs provide an informed basis for the expression of the wishes of the party members; to develop the technical conditions to broaden the channels for the expression of the wishes of the party members, a rapid response party should be built.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D263

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