国家监察体制改革要注重对监察权性质的研究

发布时间：2018-09-02 09:23

【摘要】：监察委员会与党的纪律检查机关合署办公,共同实现反腐败的制度目标,由此必然产生二者共同行使监察权的问题。从政治宪法学的角度,可以把中国特色监察权分为两部分:一部分是由党的执政权延伸出来的政治权力性质的监察权,这种监察权的正当性来自于党管干部原则;另一部分是需要借助于国家权力体系运行的国家监察权,这种监察权需要纳入由宪法和法律所确立的国家权力运行体系以及法律监督权的运行秩序中。基于监察权的性质和功能,当前国家监察体制改革中成立的监察委员会在组织领导体制上虽然由同级人大选举产生、对同级人大负责,但在具体运行机制上不需要向同级人大报告工作,而应向上级监察机构报告工作。监察委员会并没有改变国家权力体系中法律监督权的结构,而是通过抓住党员干部及在国家机关中行使公权力的公职人员的廉政建设这条主线来进一步强化国家权力体系中各国家机关对其工作人员的人事监督权,从而构成反腐败制度体系,进一步提升反腐败机制的运行效率。国家监察体制改革中创制的中国特色监察权不仅可以进一步巩固党的执政权,而且可以进一步优化国家权力体系中法律监督权的运行效果,形成反腐败工作的新格局。
[Abstract]:The supervisory committee and the Party's disciplinary inspection organs work together to achieve the goal of the anti-corruption system, which inevitably leads to the problem of both exercising the supervisory power together. From the angle of political constitutional law, the supervisory power with Chinese characteristics can be divided into two parts: one is the supervisory power of the nature of political power extended from the ruling power of the party, the legitimacy of this supervisory power comes from the principle of the party in charge of cadres; The other part is the state supervisory power which needs to be operated with the aid of the state power system. This kind of supervisory power should be included in the operation system of the state power established by the constitution and the law as well as the operation order of the legal supervision power. Based on the nature and function of the supervisory power, although the supervisory committee set up in the current state supervisory system reform is elected by the people's Congress at the same level, it is responsible to the people's Congress at the same level. However, it is not necessary to report the work to the people's Congress at the same level, but to the supervisory organ at the higher level. The supervisory committee has not changed the structure of the legal supervision power in the state power system. Instead, by grasping the main line of building a clean and honest government of party members, cadres, and public officials exercising public power in state organs, the state organs in the state power system further strengthen the power of personnel supervision over their staff by various state organs. Thus constitute the system of anti-corruption system, and further improve the efficiency of anti-corruption mechanism. The supervisory power with Chinese characteristics created in the reform of the state supervisory system can not only further consolidate the ruling power of the Party, but also further optimize the operation effect of the legal supervisory power in the state power system, and form a new pattern of anti-corruption work.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院法学研究所;
【分类号】：D262.6

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