贝特兰在中国抗战中的活动研究
发布时间：2018-11-11 08:58
【摘要】：詹姆斯·贝特兰是一名新西兰记者,1936年因旅行至北京,从此便与中国结下了深厚的友谊,成为中国人民忠实的朋友。他对中国抗战的影响主要有两点,第一,他是中国抗日战争的宣传者与援助者。当日本帝国主义大举侵略中国、中国人民遭受屠杀凌辱之时,他毅然肩负起宣传中国战争的重任。第二,他有力地推动了各国人民反对法西斯战争的发展。他作为中日战争的见证人之一,积极的向其他国家宣传这场战争。在战争中当他看到中共军队物资匮乏,便主动与宋庆龄等一些“保盟”成员,争取国际人士对中共在物资、医药方面的援助。并且通过他对中共治理陕甘宁边区经济、政治、文化方面的报道,使得国外人士对中共有了清晰的了解。通过他对华北战区的整体情况和国共两党在抗日时期取得一些战役胜利的报道,使得人民不仅对国内的抗战详情有了了解,而且还坚定了他们战胜日本的信心,所以说,在他的有力报道下,全国人民增强了团结的决心,加快了共同抵抗日本侵略的步伐。本文将分六部分来说明贝特兰与中国的关系及其在中国革命中的贡献。第一部分:詹姆斯·贝特兰来华背景,这部分主要介绍了贝特兰在华活动的整体情况。第二部分:贝特兰在国统区为中国抗战提供的帮助,这部分是从三个方面展开论述的:贝特兰向国内外人士揭示“西安事变”的真相,他为争取国内外人士捐助中共所做的努力,其在“民主”杂志社为中国编辑杂志。第三部分:贝特兰对延安边区军民生活整体情况的宣传。第四部分:贝特兰采访战区军队并对国共两支军队在华北的战斗情况作了详细的报道。第五部分:贝特兰通过与传教士接触,发现中共宗教政策增强了中国的抗战力量,赢得了传教士对宗教政策的支持。第六部分:贝特兰通过他在中国对国共两党军队的了解以及他的“战俘经历”,使他更加坚定:中国在中日战争中必将会取得胜利,并且胜利是由中共和中国人民共同努力得来的。对贝特兰与中国之间关系的探究,既有利于学者了解贝特兰本人作为国际友人在抗战时期对中国战争的帮助,又有利于剖析在抗战时期,贫瘠的陕甘宁边区为什么会吸引多数和贝特兰一样的国际友人,他们主动报道中国的战争,并且最后无所畏惧的成为中国革命事业的支持者。同时也有利于了解中共能够顺利组织和动员广大人民群众抗战并最终取得胜利的原因。
[Abstract]:James Bertram, a New Zealand journalist who traveled to Beijing in 1936, established a deep friendship with China and became a loyal friend of the Chinese people. His influence on the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan has two main points. First, he is a propagandist and aider of China's War of Resistance against Japan. When the Japanese imperialists invaded China and the Chinese people were slaughtered and humiliated, he resolutely shouldered the responsibility of propagating the Chinese war. Second, he gave a strong impetus to the development of the people of all countries against the fascist war. As one of the witnesses to the Sino-Japanese war, he actively publicized the war to other countries. When he saw that the Chinese army was short of supplies during the war, he took the initiative with Song Qingling and other members of the "Union" to solicit international assistance for the Chinese Communists in the fields of materials and medicine. And through his report on the economic, political and cultural aspects of the Chinese Communist Party's administration of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, foreign people have a clear understanding of the CPC. Through his report on the overall situation in the North China war zone and the victory of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in some campaigns during the Anti-Japanese War, the people have not only gained an understanding of the details of the domestic war of resistance, but also strengthened their confidence in their victory over Japan. Under his able report, the people of the whole country strengthened their resolve to unite and quicken the pace of common resistance to Japanese aggression. This article will be divided into six parts to explain the relationship between Bertram and China and its contribution to the Chinese revolution. The first part: James Bertram's background in China, which mainly introduces Bertram's activities in China. The second part: the help that Bertram provided to China's anti-Japanese war in the Guomin-controlled area. This part is discussed from three aspects: Bertram reveals the truth of "Xi'an incident" to people at home and abroad. His efforts to enlist donations to the Chinese Communist Party at home and abroad, he edited magazines for China at Democracy magazine. The third part: Bertram's propaganda on the whole life of military and civilian in Yan'an Border region. The fourth part: Bertram interviewed the troops in the war zone and gave a detailed report on the fighting of the two armies in North China. The fifth part: through contact with missionaries, Bertram found that the religious policy of the Communist Party of China strengthened China's anti-Japanese forces and won the support of missionaries for religious policy. The sixth part: Bertram's understanding of the Kuomintang and the Communist army in China and his "prisoner of war" experience make him more firm: China will certainly win in the Sino-Japanese War. And the victory came from the joint efforts of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. The inquiry into the relationship between Bertram and China is not only helpful for scholars to understand Bertram's help to China's war as an international friend during the War of Resistance against Japan, but also conducive to the analysis of the period of the War of Resistance against Japan. Why did the barren Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region attract most international friends like Bertram who took the initiative to report China's war and eventually became fearless supporters of the Chinese revolutionary cause. At the same time, it also helps to understand the reason why the CPC can organize and mobilize the broad masses of the people to resist the war and finally win the war.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D231
本文编号：2324376
[Abstract]:James Bertram, a New Zealand journalist who traveled to Beijing in 1936, established a deep friendship with China and became a loyal friend of the Chinese people. His influence on the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan has two main points. First, he is a propagandist and aider of China's War of Resistance against Japan. When the Japanese imperialists invaded China and the Chinese people were slaughtered and humiliated, he resolutely shouldered the responsibility of propagating the Chinese war. Second, he gave a strong impetus to the development of the people of all countries against the fascist war. As one of the witnesses to the Sino-Japanese war, he actively publicized the war to other countries. When he saw that the Chinese army was short of supplies during the war, he took the initiative with Song Qingling and other members of the "Union" to solicit international assistance for the Chinese Communists in the fields of materials and medicine. And through his report on the economic, political and cultural aspects of the Chinese Communist Party's administration of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, foreign people have a clear understanding of the CPC. Through his report on the overall situation in the North China war zone and the victory of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in some campaigns during the Anti-Japanese War, the people have not only gained an understanding of the details of the domestic war of resistance, but also strengthened their confidence in their victory over Japan. Under his able report, the people of the whole country strengthened their resolve to unite and quicken the pace of common resistance to Japanese aggression. This article will be divided into six parts to explain the relationship between Bertram and China and its contribution to the Chinese revolution. The first part: James Bertram's background in China, which mainly introduces Bertram's activities in China. The second part: the help that Bertram provided to China's anti-Japanese war in the Guomin-controlled area. This part is discussed from three aspects: Bertram reveals the truth of "Xi'an incident" to people at home and abroad. His efforts to enlist donations to the Chinese Communist Party at home and abroad, he edited magazines for China at Democracy magazine. The third part: Bertram's propaganda on the whole life of military and civilian in Yan'an Border region. The fourth part: Bertram interviewed the troops in the war zone and gave a detailed report on the fighting of the two armies in North China. The fifth part: through contact with missionaries, Bertram found that the religious policy of the Communist Party of China strengthened China's anti-Japanese forces and won the support of missionaries for religious policy. The sixth part: Bertram's understanding of the Kuomintang and the Communist army in China and his "prisoner of war" experience make him more firm: China will certainly win in the Sino-Japanese War. And the victory came from the joint efforts of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. The inquiry into the relationship between Bertram and China is not only helpful for scholars to understand Bertram's help to China's war as an international friend during the War of Resistance against Japan, but also conducive to the analysis of the period of the War of Resistance against Japan. Why did the barren Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region attract most international friends like Bertram who took the initiative to report China's war and eventually became fearless supporters of the Chinese revolutionary cause. At the same time, it also helps to understand the reason why the CPC can organize and mobilize the broad masses of the people to resist the war and finally win the war.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D231
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