延安交际处与南方局外事组的对比研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 22:58
【摘要】：延安交际处和南方局外事组这两个机构的建立,为新中国成立后的外交部保护和培养了大量人才,完善了外事机构的系统设置,奠定了扎实的专业基础。在抗日战争初期,中国共产党为了抵制日本侵略,以外交方式竭力争取各个阶层的支持,以期建立统一战线。在这一大背景下,中共在国统区和陕甘宁边区先后设立了南方局外事组和延安交际处。随着国际形势的变化和需要,在抗日战争中期,中国共产党也在这场浩劫中发生着变化,从分立顺序来看,两个机构有前后分别设立,从组织系统来看,两个机构并行存在。因此本文按照一九三七年至一九三九年、一九四零年至一九四三年、一九四四年至一九四七年三个不同的时段划分,分析两个机构经历了起步期、低谷期、高潮期不同的发展历程。延安交际处与南方局外事组主要工作内容的核心任务相同,但是开展工作的具体对象不同。两个机构的工作内容都是统一战线、宣传政策、争取援助,然而由于各自所处环境、交往对象、工作方式等不同,使两个机构在接待对象上有重合、互通有无之处,但接待的任务和侧重点又有不同。南方局外事组是中国共产党在重庆建立的对外联络机构,延安交际处则负责接待美军军事观察组以及国共和平谈判的工作。在解放战争时期,这两个外事机构因外交工作的调整合二为一,成立了中央外事组。两个机构的默契配合在皖南事变及美军观察组来访延安的事件中起到了重要的作用。延安交际处与南方局外事组在中共延安时期对外交往中发挥了重大的作用。首先,扩大了统一战线队伍,制定了“宣传出去,争取过来”八字方针,增加了外交主动性,为抗战胜利做出重要贡献,其次,两个机构在与美英苏官方、民间人员及国统区民众的交往过程中,积累了丰富的外交经验,使国际友人对中共有了客观良好的认识,最后,两个机构为新中国培养了大批专业外交人才,也为中共从延安走向世界奠定基础。通过梳理中共在延安时期,延安交际处和南方局外事组两个机构的设计背景、发展历程、工作内容及重大事件,重点得出两个机构设置的意义和价值,以及在中共夺取政权、扩大势力及对外宣传等方面所产生的影响,探讨其为中国共产党从延安走向世界发挥的巨大作用。说明两个机构存续十余年,不仅团结了各阶层人民,有力地配合了中国革命斗争,而且为中共赢得国际友人的帮助和支持,取得抗日战争胜利起了重要作用。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the Foreign Affairs Section of Yan'an Bureau and the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau has laid a solid professional foundation for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after the founding of New China to protect and train a large number of talents, to perfect the systematic setup of foreign affairs institutions and to lay a solid professional foundation. In the early days of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Communist Party of China tried its best to win the support of all levels in order to establish a United front in order to resist Japanese aggression. Against this background, the Communist Party of China has set up the Foreign Affairs Section of the Southern Bureau and the Yan'an Communication Office in the Guomin-controlled area and the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region. With the changes and needs of the international situation, in the middle of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Communist Party of China also changed in this catastrophe. From the point of view of the separate order, the two institutions were set up separately, and from the organizational system, the two institutions existed in parallel. Therefore, according to the three different periods of time from 1937 to 1939, from 1940 to 1943, and from 1944 to 1947, this paper analyses that the two institutions have gone through the initial and low periods. The course of development during the high tide. The core tasks of Yan'an Communication Office and the South Bureau Foreign Affairs Group are the same, but the specific targets of the work are different. The work of the two organizations is about the United front, propaganda policies, and seeking assistance. However, due to the differences in their respective environments, contacts, and working methods, the two organizations have overlapping places in terms of their reception targets. But the task and focus of reception are different. The Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau is the foreign liaison agency established by the Communist Party of China in Chongqing, while the Yan'an Communication Office is responsible for receiving the US military Observer Group and the KMT peace talks. During the War of Liberation, the two foreign agencies formed the Central Foreign Affairs Group as a result of the adjustment of diplomatic work. The tacit cooperation between the two organizations played an important role in the Southern Anhui incident and the visit to Yan'an by the US military Observer Group. Yan'an Communication Office and the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau played an important role in the foreign relations during the Yan'an period of the Communist Party of China. First, the United front troops were expanded, the policy of "propagating and winning over" was formulated, diplomatic initiative was increased, and important contributions were made to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. Secondly, the two organizations were working with the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union. In the course of the exchanges between civilian personnel and the people in the areas under the control of the Kuomintang, they have accumulated rich diplomatic experience, which has made international friends have an objective and good understanding of the CPC. Finally, the two institutions have trained a large number of specialized diplomatic personnel for New China. It also laid the foundation for the CPC to move from Yan'an to the world. Through combing the design background, development course, work content and major events of the two organizations of the Communist Party of China during the Yan'an period, the Yan'an Communication Office and the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau, the significance and value of the establishment of the two institutions and the seizure of political power in the Communist Party of China were obtained. This paper discusses the influence of the expansion of power and propaganda on the Communist Party of China from Yan'an to the world. It shows that the existence of the two organizations for more than a decade not only unites the people of all strata, but also helps the CPC to win the help and support of its international friends and to win victory in the War of Resistance against Japan.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D231
[Abstract]:The establishment of the Foreign Affairs Section of Yan'an Bureau and the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau has laid a solid professional foundation for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after the founding of New China to protect and train a large number of talents, to perfect the systematic setup of foreign affairs institutions and to lay a solid professional foundation. In the early days of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Communist Party of China tried its best to win the support of all levels in order to establish a United front in order to resist Japanese aggression. Against this background, the Communist Party of China has set up the Foreign Affairs Section of the Southern Bureau and the Yan'an Communication Office in the Guomin-controlled area and the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region. With the changes and needs of the international situation, in the middle of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Communist Party of China also changed in this catastrophe. From the point of view of the separate order, the two institutions were set up separately, and from the organizational system, the two institutions existed in parallel. Therefore, according to the three different periods of time from 1937 to 1939, from 1940 to 1943, and from 1944 to 1947, this paper analyses that the two institutions have gone through the initial and low periods. The course of development during the high tide. The core tasks of Yan'an Communication Office and the South Bureau Foreign Affairs Group are the same, but the specific targets of the work are different. The work of the two organizations is about the United front, propaganda policies, and seeking assistance. However, due to the differences in their respective environments, contacts, and working methods, the two organizations have overlapping places in terms of their reception targets. But the task and focus of reception are different. The Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau is the foreign liaison agency established by the Communist Party of China in Chongqing, while the Yan'an Communication Office is responsible for receiving the US military Observer Group and the KMT peace talks. During the War of Liberation, the two foreign agencies formed the Central Foreign Affairs Group as a result of the adjustment of diplomatic work. The tacit cooperation between the two organizations played an important role in the Southern Anhui incident and the visit to Yan'an by the US military Observer Group. Yan'an Communication Office and the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau played an important role in the foreign relations during the Yan'an period of the Communist Party of China. First, the United front troops were expanded, the policy of "propagating and winning over" was formulated, diplomatic initiative was increased, and important contributions were made to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. Secondly, the two organizations were working with the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union. In the course of the exchanges between civilian personnel and the people in the areas under the control of the Kuomintang, they have accumulated rich diplomatic experience, which has made international friends have an objective and good understanding of the CPC. Finally, the two institutions have trained a large number of specialized diplomatic personnel for New China. It also laid the foundation for the CPC to move from Yan'an to the world. Through combing the design background, development course, work content and major events of the two organizations of the Communist Party of China during the Yan'an period, the Yan'an Communication Office and the Foreign Affairs Group of the Southern Bureau, the significance and value of the establishment of the two institutions and the seizure of political power in the Communist Party of China were obtained. This paper discusses the influence of the expansion of power and propaganda on the Communist Party of China from Yan'an to the world. It shows that the existence of the two organizations for more than a decade not only unites the people of all strata, but also helps the CPC to win the help and support of its international friends and to win victory in the War of Resistance against Japan.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D231
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