建国初期重庆市区基层政权建设研究（1950-1955）
发布时间：2018-12-14 01:53
【摘要】：随着解放战争形势的迅猛发展,国民党统治下的广大地区逐渐被中国共产党领导下的人们军队所解放。1949年11月30日,中国人民解放军第二野战军所部第11,12,47军的五个营进入重庆市区,重庆喜获解放。这是重庆历史上的重要时刻,是重庆历史新纪元的开始。由此,巩固新生政权,维护社会秩序,建立强有力的政权组织形式,成为中国共产党亟需解决的首要问题。当时重庆的基层政权建设经历了曲折的的发展历程,这其中的经验教训对我们今天的政权建设和社会主义理论与实践的创新仍具有一定的指导意义和借鉴价值。为此,本文希望通过在广泛占有档案文献资料的基础上,对建国初期重庆市区基层政权建设进行系统的梳理和论述,探究新政权是如何将权力延伸至城市的基层社会中。文章共分四大部分。第一部分,论述了重庆市区基层政权的初步构建。文章详细阐述了重庆市解放后经过50多天高效率的接管工作,在完成新民主主义政权在重庆的初步建立的基础上,逐步健全区政机构,加强区政建设。第二部分,概况了重庆市区基层政权建设困境的突破。文章指出面对纷繁复杂的基层社会,中共要管理好社会,必须以自上而下的制度与自下而上的群众组织相结合,贯彻中共一向坚持号召的群众路线,政府意志进一步渗透,实现国家政权对单位人和非单位人的分别掌控治理。第三部分,重点论述了重庆市区基层政权建设的日趋完善。文章运用历史文献演绎的方法,本着实事求是的原则,依据现有文献资料将重庆市区基层政权的演绎过程分为四个阶段。重庆市的居民委员会是在段代表小组的基础上改建而来的,根据中央指示,街道办事处不是一级政权组织,是区的派出机关;居民委员会则为基层群众自治性的居民组织,以福利性事务为主,下辖居民小组。随后我国“二级政权,三级管理”的城市管理体制在全国范围确立,即由市、区两级政府及其派出机构街道办事处和居民委员会构成的城市行政管理机构,简称街居制。但在实际运行中,居民委员会工作并没有按新政权原先预设的一样,主要任务是居民福利,相反,更多的是聚焦在政治性、行政性的事务上,自治功能并未得到实现。虽然居民委员会的定位没有按预设形成实质性的自治,但纵观全局,依然达到了国家有效掌控社会的目的。第四部分,重庆市区基层政权建设的特点和主要经验。该部分主要阐述了重庆市区基层政权在建设中呈现出了自己的特点,并形成了自己的经验。在建国初期,重庆市依据中国共产党治理城市理念,结合实际情况和各个阶段的中心任务,发动群众运动与调整城市基层政权相结合,最终达到了掌控基层社会的目的,实现了基层社会高度组织化和基层群众的意识形态化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the war of liberation, the vast areas under the Kuomintang rule were gradually liberated by the people's army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Five battalions of the second Field Army Department of the Chinese people's Liberation Army (PLA) entered the city of Chongqing, and Chongqing was liberated. This is an important moment in Chongqing's history and the beginning of a new era in Chongqing's history. Therefore, consolidating the new regime, maintaining the social order and establishing a strong political organization form have become the most urgent problems for the CPC to solve. At that time, the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing experienced a tortuous course of development, and the experience and lessons from it still have certain guiding significance and reference value for our political power construction today and the innovation of socialist theory and practice. Therefore, this paper hopes to explore how the new regime extends power to the grass-roots society of the city by systematically combing and discussing the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China on the basis of extensive possession of archival documents. The article is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the primary construction of the basic power in Chongqing urban area. This paper expounds in detail that after the liberation of Chongqing, after more than 50 days of highly efficient takeover work, on the basis of completing the preliminary establishment of the new democratic regime in Chongqing, the district administration organizations should be gradually perfected and regional political construction strengthened. The second part, the overview of Chongqing urban grass-roots regime construction difficulties breakthrough. The article points out that in order to manage the society well, the Communist Party of China must combine the top-down system with the bottom-up mass organizations, carry out the mass line that the CPC has always insisted on calling on, and further infiltrate the government will. Realize the state power to the unit person and the non-unit person respectively control the governance. In the third part, the author focuses on the improvement of the basic political power construction in Chongqing urban area. Using the method of historical literature deduction, based on the principle of seeking truth from facts, the paper divides the deductive process of Chongqing urban grassroots power into four stages according to the existing literature. The residents Committee of Chongqing Municipality was rebuilt on the basis of the Duan Representative Group. According to the central instruction, the sub-district office is not a first-level political organization, but a regional dispatched organ. Residents' committees are residents' organizations with basic-level mass autonomy, mainly welfare affairs, under the jurisdiction of residents groups. Subsequently, the urban management system of "secondary regime, three-level management" was established in the whole country, that is, the city administration organization composed of municipal and district governments and their local organizations, street offices and residents' committees, referred to as "street dwelling system". However, in the actual operation, the work of the residents Committee is not the same as the original presupposition of the new regime, the main task is the welfare of the residents, on the contrary, it focuses more on the political and administrative affairs, and the autonomous function has not been realized. Although the orientation of the residents Committee does not form substantial autonomy according to the presupposition, the overall situation shows that the state still achieves the goal of effective control of society. The fourth part, Chongqing urban grassroots regime construction characteristics and main experience. This part mainly expounds the characteristics of the grass-roots government in Chongqing urban area, and forms its own experience. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chongqing, in accordance with the concept of the Communist Party of China governing the city, combined with the actual situation and the central task of each stage, launched a mass movement to combine with the readjustment of the city's grassroots political power, and finally achieved the goal of controlling the grass-roots society. Realized the grass-roots social high-degree organization and the grass-roots mass's ideology.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D232
本文编号：2377692
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the war of liberation, the vast areas under the Kuomintang rule were gradually liberated by the people's army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Five battalions of the second Field Army Department of the Chinese people's Liberation Army (PLA) entered the city of Chongqing, and Chongqing was liberated. This is an important moment in Chongqing's history and the beginning of a new era in Chongqing's history. Therefore, consolidating the new regime, maintaining the social order and establishing a strong political organization form have become the most urgent problems for the CPC to solve. At that time, the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing experienced a tortuous course of development, and the experience and lessons from it still have certain guiding significance and reference value for our political power construction today and the innovation of socialist theory and practice. Therefore, this paper hopes to explore how the new regime extends power to the grass-roots society of the city by systematically combing and discussing the construction of the grass-roots regime in Chongqing in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China on the basis of extensive possession of archival documents. The article is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the primary construction of the basic power in Chongqing urban area. This paper expounds in detail that after the liberation of Chongqing, after more than 50 days of highly efficient takeover work, on the basis of completing the preliminary establishment of the new democratic regime in Chongqing, the district administration organizations should be gradually perfected and regional political construction strengthened. The second part, the overview of Chongqing urban grass-roots regime construction difficulties breakthrough. The article points out that in order to manage the society well, the Communist Party of China must combine the top-down system with the bottom-up mass organizations, carry out the mass line that the CPC has always insisted on calling on, and further infiltrate the government will. Realize the state power to the unit person and the non-unit person respectively control the governance. In the third part, the author focuses on the improvement of the basic political power construction in Chongqing urban area. Using the method of historical literature deduction, based on the principle of seeking truth from facts, the paper divides the deductive process of Chongqing urban grassroots power into four stages according to the existing literature. The residents Committee of Chongqing Municipality was rebuilt on the basis of the Duan Representative Group. According to the central instruction, the sub-district office is not a first-level political organization, but a regional dispatched organ. Residents' committees are residents' organizations with basic-level mass autonomy, mainly welfare affairs, under the jurisdiction of residents groups. Subsequently, the urban management system of "secondary regime, three-level management" was established in the whole country, that is, the city administration organization composed of municipal and district governments and their local organizations, street offices and residents' committees, referred to as "street dwelling system". However, in the actual operation, the work of the residents Committee is not the same as the original presupposition of the new regime, the main task is the welfare of the residents, on the contrary, it focuses more on the political and administrative affairs, and the autonomous function has not been realized. Although the orientation of the residents Committee does not form substantial autonomy according to the presupposition, the overall situation shows that the state still achieves the goal of effective control of society. The fourth part, Chongqing urban grassroots regime construction characteristics and main experience. This part mainly expounds the characteristics of the grass-roots government in Chongqing urban area, and forms its own experience. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chongqing, in accordance with the concept of the Communist Party of China governing the city, combined with the actual situation and the central task of each stage, launched a mass movement to combine with the readjustment of the city's grassroots political power, and finally achieved the goal of controlling the grass-roots society. Realized the grass-roots social high-degree organization and the grass-roots mass's ideology.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D232
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