建章立规：中国共产党请示报告制度的缘起与实施（1948.1-1949.3）
发布时间：2018-12-15 14:18
【摘要】：十八大以来,中共中央接连发布《中国共产党纪律处分条例》、《中国共产党廉洁自律准则》、《中国共产党党内监督条例》等文件,不断加强党的纪律建设,全面落实从严治党要求。在这一进程中,请示报告制度成为加强党的纪律建设的重要手段。十八届六中全会通过的《关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则》中明确提出:"全党必须严格执行重大问题请示报告制度。"回顾党的的历史,纪律建设是党的建设工作的一个永恒话题,而且党面临的形势越复杂、肩负的任务越艰巨,就越要加强纪律建设。西柏坡的时期是中国共产党领导的中国革命的历史转折时期,党的工作重心在这一时期实现了从农村到城市、从战争到建设的转变。为了保障这些重大转变的成功实现,中共中央在这一时期建立了一系列的规章制度。2015年7月,习近平在西柏坡调研时指出:"这里是党立规矩的地方"。其中一个重要的规矩,就是请示报告制度。其实,请示报告制度的形成与建立也有一个比较漫长的过程。在中共成立初期,请示报告开始仅是作为一般性的纪律规定出现,随着面临的形势和任务演变发展,这些纪律规定逐步上升为制度意识,并在实践中不断完善,请示报告制度逐步系统化、规范化。解放战争中后期,由于战争形势的变化,中国共产党面临着一系列新的问题和任务,而伴随着中共中央工作机构的数次重大变动,各地区的土地改革和城市工作出现了偏差,各地的党和军队出现了无政府、无纪律状态,分散主义、地方主义、山头主义等问题突出,这显然不利于新的革命形势下各方面工作的开展。为了遏制这种错误的苗头和趋势,中共中央亟需树立中央权威、加强集中统一领导,以便了解和掌握各地的情况,指导解决各地出现的新问题,请示报告制度便在这一背景下自上而下地建立起来。1948年1月,中共中央发出《关于建立报告制度》的指示,意味着中共中央正式着手在全党全军建立完整的请示报告制度,这一时期,毛泽东在发给各中央局、野战军的电报中,反复强调要及时向中央请示、按时向中央作综合报告。然而,各地对请示报告制度的重视程度、执行情况各有不同,也存在各自的问题。为此,中共中央加大督促力度,多次专门发出具体指示,强调建立和执行请示报告制度的重要性,并进行具体的指导,请示报告制度得以快速、全面地建立和落实起来。到1949年3月中共七届二中全会召开,全党全军普遍建立并严格执行了请示报告制度,为解放战争取得最终胜利、实现党的工作重心的转移奠定了重要的制度保障基础。请示报告制度是党的重要规矩,是中共加强纪律建设的重要抓手。执行重大问题请示报告制度,对于严明党的纪律、维护中央权威、规范干部行为、落实党内监督有非常重要的意义。研究中共请示报告制度建立和实施的过程,对当前形势下加强党的建设、严格执行重大问题请示报告制度有着重要的参考意义。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has successively promulgated the Regulations on the Discipline of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Guidelines for the Anti-Self-discipline of the Communist Party of China, and the Regulations on the Supervision of the Party's Party of the Communist Party of China. The Party's discipline construction has been continuously strengthened and the requirements of the Party are fully implemented. In this process, the reporting system is an important means of strengthening the Party's discipline construction. At the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, it is clear that the "The whole Party must strictly implement the system of reporting on major issues." recalls the history of the Party, the construction of the discipline is an eternal topic of the work of the Party building, and the more complex the situation is facing the Party, the more difficult it is to carry out the task. The more disciplined construction is to be done. The period of Xibaipo is the historical turning point of the Chinese revolution led by the Communist Party of China, and the work center of the Party has realized the transition from the rural to the city and from the war to the construction in this period. In order to guarantee the success of these major changes, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has set up a series of rules and regulations during this period. In July 2015, Mr. Xi pointed out that: "It's the place where the party's rules.". One of the important rules is the reporting system. In fact, the formation and establishment of the reporting system has a long process. At the beginning of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the report begins to appear only as a general discipline. With the development of the situation and the development of the task, these disciplines are gradually rising to the system consciousness, and in practice, the reporting system is gradually systematized and standardized. During the middle and late of the liberation war, due to the change of the war situation, the Communist Party of China is faced with a series of new problems and tasks, and with the major changes of the work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the land reform and the urban work of the various regions have deviated, and the party and the army in all regions have anarchy. The problems of non-discipline, decentralism, localism, and desmasticism, which are clearly not conducive to the development of all aspects of the new revolutionary situation, are clearly not conducive to the development of the new revolutionary situation. In order to curb the emergence and trend of such an error, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has an urgent need to establish a central authority to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership so as to understand and master the situation in various parts and to guide the solution of the new problems arising from all over the country. The reporting system is set up from top to bottom in this context. In January 1948, The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) issued an instruction on the establishment of a reporting system, which means that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has formally initiated the establishment of a complete reporting system in the whole Party and the whole army. During this period, Comrade Mao Zedong repeatedly stressed the need to consult the Central Committee in a timely manner in the telegram to the Central Bureau and the Field Army. To make a comprehensive report to the Central Committee on time. However, the degree of attention and implementation of the reporting system in various places are different, and there are problems. To that end, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has intensified its efforts to issue specific instructions on a number of occasions, stressing the importance of the establishment and implementation of the reporting system, as well as specific guidance, so that the reporting system can be set up and implemented in a rapid and comprehensive manner. In March, 1949, the second plenum of the Communist Party of China of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held. The whole Party and the army generally established and strictly implemented the reporting system, and established an important system guarantee basis for the final victory of the liberation war and the transfer of the Party's work center of gravity. The reporting system is an important rule of the party, and it is an important part of the CPC's strengthening of the discipline construction. The implementation of the system of reporting on major issues is of great importance to the strict implementation of the Party's discipline, the maintenance of the central authority, the regulation of the conduct of the cadres and the implementation of the Party's supervision. The study of the establishment and implementation of the reporting system of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is of great reference to the strengthening of the Party building in the current situation and the strict implementation of the major issues and the reporting system.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D262.6
本文编号：2380805
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has successively promulgated the Regulations on the Discipline of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Guidelines for the Anti-Self-discipline of the Communist Party of China, and the Regulations on the Supervision of the Party's Party of the Communist Party of China. The Party's discipline construction has been continuously strengthened and the requirements of the Party are fully implemented. In this process, the reporting system is an important means of strengthening the Party's discipline construction. At the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, it is clear that the "The whole Party must strictly implement the system of reporting on major issues." recalls the history of the Party, the construction of the discipline is an eternal topic of the work of the Party building, and the more complex the situation is facing the Party, the more difficult it is to carry out the task. The more disciplined construction is to be done. The period of Xibaipo is the historical turning point of the Chinese revolution led by the Communist Party of China, and the work center of the Party has realized the transition from the rural to the city and from the war to the construction in this period. In order to guarantee the success of these major changes, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has set up a series of rules and regulations during this period. In July 2015, Mr. Xi pointed out that: "It's the place where the party's rules.". One of the important rules is the reporting system. In fact, the formation and establishment of the reporting system has a long process. At the beginning of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the report begins to appear only as a general discipline. With the development of the situation and the development of the task, these disciplines are gradually rising to the system consciousness, and in practice, the reporting system is gradually systematized and standardized. During the middle and late of the liberation war, due to the change of the war situation, the Communist Party of China is faced with a series of new problems and tasks, and with the major changes of the work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the land reform and the urban work of the various regions have deviated, and the party and the army in all regions have anarchy. The problems of non-discipline, decentralism, localism, and desmasticism, which are clearly not conducive to the development of all aspects of the new revolutionary situation, are clearly not conducive to the development of the new revolutionary situation. In order to curb the emergence and trend of such an error, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has an urgent need to establish a central authority to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership so as to understand and master the situation in various parts and to guide the solution of the new problems arising from all over the country. The reporting system is set up from top to bottom in this context. In January 1948, The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) issued an instruction on the establishment of a reporting system, which means that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has formally initiated the establishment of a complete reporting system in the whole Party and the whole army. During this period, Comrade Mao Zedong repeatedly stressed the need to consult the Central Committee in a timely manner in the telegram to the Central Bureau and the Field Army. To make a comprehensive report to the Central Committee on time. However, the degree of attention and implementation of the reporting system in various places are different, and there are problems. To that end, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has intensified its efforts to issue specific instructions on a number of occasions, stressing the importance of the establishment and implementation of the reporting system, as well as specific guidance, so that the reporting system can be set up and implemented in a rapid and comprehensive manner. In March, 1949, the second plenum of the Communist Party of China of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held. The whole Party and the army generally established and strictly implemented the reporting system, and established an important system guarantee basis for the final victory of the liberation war and the transfer of the Party's work center of gravity. The reporting system is an important rule of the party, and it is an important part of the CPC's strengthening of the discipline construction. The implementation of the system of reporting on major issues is of great importance to the strict implementation of the Party's discipline, the maintenance of the central authority, the regulation of the conduct of the cadres and the implementation of the Party's supervision. The study of the establishment and implementation of the reporting system of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is of great reference to the strengthening of the Party building in the current situation and the strict implementation of the major issues and the reporting system.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D262.6
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