我国高校司法鉴定机构的现状分析与未来发展构想

发布时间：2018-01-15 15:13

本文关键词：我国高校司法鉴定机构的现状分析与未来发展构想　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高校司法鉴定机构并不是新生事物，自从我国的司法鉴定工作开展以来，高校就一直有所参与，，但在2005年《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》(以下简称《决定》)实施之前，我国的司法鉴定业务主要被公检法三机关所垄断，公检法三机关均能内设鉴定机构且其内部人员是鉴定人的主要来源，这种自侦自鉴、自审自鉴的现象，导致司法鉴定的中立性曾一度严重缺失，而《决定》实施后，废除了法院内设的鉴定机构，标志着司法鉴定改革制度的正式启动，高校司法鉴定机构在原有的基础上拥有了更大的发挥空间，高校的司法鉴定业务也得到了前所未有的发展。在高校设立司法鉴定机构，是集高质量人才、先进技术，精良设备于一身，借助这些自身优势从事司法鉴定业务必然会使司法鉴定更上一个阶梯，并且将高校司法鉴定机构与其他社会鉴定机构以及侦查机关内设鉴定机构相比，其最能体现司法鉴定的中立性与公信性，这意味着在司法鉴定未来的发展道路上它无疑会饰演主力军角色。但高校司法鉴定机构对于其在社会中的职能定位，在未来的发展中出现哪些问题以及该如何解决并加以完善目前还缺乏清晰的思路，因此笔者在查阅有关高校司法鉴定的著作学术资料的基础上，结合在高校司法鉴定中心的实践，从高校司法鉴定机构的自身特性出发，比较了它与其他社会鉴定机构以及侦查机关内设鉴定机构的异同，进而围绕高校司法鉴定机构的作用、出现的问题和发展构想展开论述。本文共分五大部分：第一部分概括总结出司法鉴定的概念及其基本属性。第二部分对我国司法鉴定机构进行分类并详细分析其各自特性。根据分析得知，高校司法鉴定机构最符合司法鉴定本质属性，营利性不强，又最为中立还具有一定的权威性。第三部分主要对我国高校司法鉴定机构的发展现状进行分析。通过将高校司法鉴定机构与其他社会鉴定机构以及侦查机关内设鉴定机构进行详细的比较，发现高校司法鉴定机构的优势和作用。第四部分主要论述我国高校司法鉴定机构在发展过程中出现的问题及其未来的发展构想，重点从高校司法鉴定人的兼职身份入手详细阐述高校司法鉴定机构从事鉴定业务所出现的不足并进而提出解决问题的对策。第五部分作为文章的结语，对高校司法鉴定机构未来的发展前景充满希望。
[Abstract]:The institution of judicial expertise in colleges and universities is not a new thing. Since the development of judicial expertise in our country, colleges and universities have been taking part in it. However, before the implementation of the decision on the Administration of Judicial expertise of the standing Committee of the National people's Congress on 2005 (hereinafter referred to as the decision). The judicial expertise business in China is mainly monopolized by the three organs of public procuratorial law. The three organs of public procuratorial law can set up their own appraisal institutions and their internal personnel are the main sources of experts. This phenomenon of self-detection and self-examination is a phenomenon of self-detection and self-examination. The neutrality of judicial expertise was once seriously lacking, and after the implementation of the decision, the judicial appraisal institution was abolished, which marked the formal start of the reform system of judicial expertise. The institution of judicial expertise in colleges and universities has a greater space to play on the basis of the original, and the business of judicial expertise in colleges and universities has also been developed unprecedented. The establishment of judicial expertise institutions in colleges and universities is a collection of high-quality personnel, advanced technology, sophisticated equipment in a body, with the help of these advantages to engage in judicial expertise business will inevitably make forensic expertise a step up the ladder. And compared with other institutions of social expertise and internal institutions of investigation, it can best reflect the neutrality and public credibility of judicial expertise. This means that in the future development of forensic expertise it will undoubtedly play the role of the main force. In the future development of what problems and how to solve and improve the current lack of clear ideas, so the author on the basis of consulting the academic materials of judicial expertise in colleges and universities. In combination with the practice in the judicial identification center of colleges and universities, this paper compares the similarities and differences between it and other social appraisal institutions as well as those established within the investigative organs from the characteristics of the judicial expertise institutions in colleges and universities. Then it discusses the functions, problems and development ideas of judicial expertise institutions in colleges and universities. This paper is divided into five parts: The first part summarizes the concept of forensic expertise and its basic attributes. The second part of the classification and detailed analysis of the characteristics of judicial expertise institutions in China. According to the analysis, the judicial identification institutions in colleges and universities are the most consistent with the nature of judicial identification, not profitable. And the most neutral and authoritative. The third part mainly analyzes the current situation of the development of the judicial identification institutions in colleges and universities in China. Through the comparison between the judicial identification institutions of colleges and universities and other social appraisal institutions as well as the internal identification agencies of the investigation organs, the author makes a detailed comparison. Find out the advantages and functions of judicial expertise institutions in colleges and universities. The 4th part mainly discusses the problems in the process of the development of the judicial expertise institutions in China's colleges and universities and the future development ideas. Starting from the part-time identity of judicial connoisseurs in colleges and universities, this paper expounds in detail the shortcomings of judicial expertise institutions in colleges and universities and puts forward countermeasures to solve the problems. As the conclusion of the article, the 5th part is full of hope for the future development of the forensic institutions in colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D918.9

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