警察在我国社区矫正中的角色定位

发布时间：2018-02-01 11:38

本文关键词： 社区矫正警察角色定位　出处：《中国政法大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 21世纪初期,中国社区矫正试点工作在北京、上海率先开展。由于社区制度属于“舶来品”,在我国还是一种全新的对待罪犯的社会反应方式,与长期以来所遵循的“严厉打击”、“专门工作”、“从重从快”等刑事政策十分不同。纵观世界多数国家,为实现矫正对象在社区中更新改造的目的,警察在社区矫正中均不承担执行主体任务,而由专门的矫正机关负责具体执行事宜。但在社会主义初级阶段的中国,受历史因素和现实状况制约,警察在社区矫正工作中一直承担着重要的监管职能,并且在当前《刑法》、《刑事诉讼法》等法律规范中均有明确规定。按照我国刑法规定,对适用社区矫正的管制、缓刑、监外执行、假释、剥夺政治权利等五种人的监管考察归属公安机关。因此,在我国现行刑事法律规定的前提下,公安机关仍然是法定的非监禁刑和非监禁措施行刑与监督考察的执行机关。一方面,在当前社会主义初级阶段,警察在发挥社区矫正作用方面具备职业优势。由于公安机关是国家刑罚体系中享有求刑权或追诉权的机关,国家赋予其的强制执行力可以加大对矫正对象的震慑力,通过日常加大监督管理力度,通过综合治理措施有效整合社区资源,更好的实现在社区中打击犯罪,矫正罪犯,保护人民的工作目标。另一方面,由于我国当前没有一部统一的社区矫正法律规范,相关衔接制度还不完善。特别是面临社会发展的新形势、新要求,公安民警警力不足,职责日益增加,任务日益繁重,素质有待于进一步提高。同时,由于对非监禁刑和非监禁措施的执行不仅仅是简单的监督考察,还必须承担更为繁重与复杂的矫正任务,而对于这些矫正工作与任务,公安机关目前既没有这个精力、也没有能力来完成。1这些都成为制约社区矫正工作深入开展的重要因素。由于警察在我国社区矫正工作中的职能作用,理论界和实务界均探讨较少,因此,笔者结合多年来公安工作实践,以及北京市社区矫正试点工作开展情况,通过客观表述当前警察在社区矫正工作的现实状况,紧紧抓住工作中尚存在的突出问题和薄弱环节,力求找准切入点和着力点,积极探索有益的对策,希冀以此带动维护和促进社会稳定和谐的各项工作。本文由引言、结语及五部分组成。第一部分,社区矫正与警察概论。通过对国内外社区矫正及警察的概念进行分析,以社区矫正的理论基础为依据,进一步明确我国警察在社区矫正工作中的重要职能作用,认清二者之间的关系,同时通过透视借鉴国外及港澳台警察在社区矫正中的作用,为准确定位我国警察在社区矫正中的工作角色提供理论依据。第二部分,我国社区矫正试点工作现状。本部分通过进一步明确我国社区矫正的适用范围以及具体工作任务,对当前我国社区矫正工作组织机构的现状,以及试点工作相关情况进行了客观表述,进一步明确现阶段我国推进社区矫正制度的重要意义。第三部分,警察在我国社区矫正工作现状。笔者以北京市社区矫正试点工作为依据,全面阐述了警察在目前实际矫正工作中的开展情况,并就实践工作中存在的问题,从思想、人员、立法、机构等方面存在的限制进行了深入分析,为下步准确把握警察在社区矫正工作中的角色定位奠定了实践依据。第四部分,警察在我国社区矫正工作的角色定位。通过对比国外法律规范中社区矫正执行主体情况,结合当前我国法律规范中警察承担的社区矫正任务,从警察承担职责的历史转变出发,深入分析警察在社区矫正工作中的利与弊,在理论依据和实践基础上提出警察在我国社区矫正工作中的具体定位,以及承担的本位职权及延伸职权。第五部分,警察在社区矫正工作中发挥职能作用对策前瞻。笔者从警察人员素质、法律规范制定、以及对社区矫正对象如何分类矫治、分阶段矫正等具体措施入手,就警察在社区矫正工作中如何更好的发挥职能作用,扬长避短,确保社区矫正工作不流于形式,取得实际矫正效果提出了探索性的对策。
[Abstract]:In the early 21st century , China ' s community correction trial work in Beijing and Shanghai took the lead . As the community system belongs to " exotic products " , in China , it is a brand - new social reaction way to treat criminals . In the primary stage of socialism , the police have assumed important supervision functions in community correction . However , in the primary stage of socialism , the police have assumed important supervision functions in community correction . In accordance with the provisions of the criminal law of our country , the supervision and inspection of five persons , such as the regulation of community correction , probation , supervision and execution , parole and deprivation of political rights , belong to the public security organs . On the other hand , because the public security organ is the organ that enjoys the right to seek punishment or the right of recourse in the primary stage of the present socialism , the enforcement force of the State gives it a professional advantage in the exertion of community correction . Because of the function of police in community correction work in our country , the theory and practice circles are seldom discussed . Therefore , the author combines the practice of public security work for many years and the situation of community correction test in Beijing . Through the objective expression of the current situation of the police in community correction , the author tries to grasp the outstanding problems and weak links remaining in the work , and actively explore the useful countermeasures , so as to promote the maintenance and promotion of social stability and harmony . This paper consists of preface , conclusion and five parts . The first part , community correction and police overview . By analyzing the concept of community correction and police at home and abroad , based on the theory foundation of community correction , it is further clarified that our police plays an important role in community correction work , and realizes the relationship between them . At the same time , it can provide theoretical basis for accurately locating the role of police in community correction by taking advantage of the role of foreign and Hong Kong and Macao police in community correction . In the second part , the present situation of community correction in our country is presented in this part . This part makes an objective statement about the current situation of community correction work organization in our country , as well as the relevant situation of trial - point work by further defining the scope of application and specific task of community correction in our country , and further clarifies the significance of our country ' s promotion of community correction system at present . In the third part , according to the current situation of community correction in China , the author makes a comprehensive exposition of the police ' s current situation in practice , and analyzes the existing problems in practice , and lays a practical basis for accurately grasping the role of the police in community correction . The fourth part , the role of the police in the community correction work in our country . Through comparing the situation of community correction in the foreign legal norm , combining with the community correction tasks assumed by the police in our country ' s legal norms , the paper deeply analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the police in the community correction work , and puts forward the concrete positioning of the police in the community correction work in our country based on the theoretical basis and practice , as well as the functions and functions of the police . In the fifth part , the police plays a role in community correction . The author starts with the police personnel ' s quality , the legal norm and the concrete measures such as how to classify and correct the community correction object and correct the stage , so as to improve the function of the police in the community correction work , and make sure that the community correction work is not in the form , and the practical corrective effect is obtained .

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D926.8;D925.2

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