少年暴力与暴力亚文化

发布时间：2018-03-07 15:11

本文选题：攻击性　切入点：少年暴力　出处：《中国政法大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 对于攻击,可以从生物学心理学和社会学两个角度进行解释。生物学心理学的解释有本能说、基因说、染色体说、雄性激素说、低血糖说以及挫折-攻击理论,而攻击的社会学最重要的是社会学习理论。攻击的生物学心理学以及社会学解释,结合少年个体的生理、心理以及行为动机的特点,为少年暴力提供了有力解释。少年暴力类型多样,根据不同的标准可以作出不同的划分,根据行为方式的差异,划分为杀人行为、性侵害行为和伤害行为,而根据动机的差异,可划分为游戏型、报复型、偏见型、工具型、利益型、假想攻击自卫型以及激情施暴型。帮伙暴力是一种群体暴力,是暴力帮伙的主要内容。根据国外有关暴力帮伙的理论,诸如不同机会理论、欧文·斯佩格尔的冲突亚文化群理论以及刘易斯·雅布隆斯基的暴力帮伙理论,暴力帮伙是一个崇尚暴力的群体,诉诸于暴力解决问题是它的主要特点。在这个帮伙中,其主要成员奉行暴力,长期形成一个崇尚暴力的文化环境,因而对本来不喜欢暴力的个体产生压力,那些不采取暴力解决纷争的成员,会自然地受到耻笑甚至遭到排挤乃致受到攻击。暴力帮伙成员所遵循的主要价值观念,是一种暴力亚文化,是一种崇尚暴力并将暴力行为合理化的区别于社会主流文化的文化。根据沃尔夫冈的暴力亚文化理论,暴力亚文化是在群体中实现的。暴力亚文化的形成有诸多方面的因素,有少年个体本身的因素,还有社会环境的因素。这种将暴力作为解决问题的主要手段的价值观念,会对非暴力的少年个体产生一种环境压力。在暴力亚文化群中,那些非暴力的个体和行为会受到诸如驱逐甚至是受到攻击等制裁,这种压力迫使非暴力的行为者去实施暴力。暴力亚文化对少年个体具有更大的影响和诱导性,少年个体本身对于暴力的向往和冲动,使得他们非常容易接受这种核心的暴力亚文化精神,对于暴力文化价值观念的接受和认同,使得暴力观念整合成为其思维和行为方式的一部分,因而最终会主动地施暴并从中得到快乐和心理满足。
[Abstract]:For aggression, it can be explained in terms of biological psychology and sociology. Biological psychology is explained by instinct theory, gene theory, chromosome theory, androgen theory, hypoglycemia theory, and set-attack theory. The sociology of attack is the most important theory of social learning. The biological psychology and sociological explanation of aggression are combined with the characteristics of individual physiology, psychology and behavioral motivation. It provides a powerful explanation for juvenile violence. There are various types of juvenile violence, which can be divided into different categories according to different criteria, including homicide, sexual abuse and injury, according to the differences in behavior, and according to the differences in motivation, It can be divided into game type, revenge type, prejudice type, tool type, benefit type, hypothetical attack self-defense type and passion violence type. Gang violence is a kind of group violence, which is the main content of violent gang. Such as the theory of different opportunities, Irwin Speeger's theory of conflict subcultures, and Leos Jablonski's theory of violent gang, which is a violent group. Its main characteristic is to resort to violence to solve problems. In this gang, its main members are committed to violence and a culture of violence has been formed for a long time, thus exerting pressure on individuals who originally did not like violence. Those who do not resort to violent resolution of disputes will naturally be ridiculed or even excluded from attack. The main values followed by the violent gang members are a subculture of violence, Is a culture that advocates violence and rationalizes violence from the mainstream culture of society. According to Wolfgang's theory of violent subculture, violent subculture is realized in groups. There are many factors in the formation of violent subculture. The value of violence as a primary means of solving problems creates an environmental pressure on non-violent juvenile individuals. In violent subcultures, Those who are not violent individuals and acts are subject to sanctions such as expulsion or even attacks, a pressure that forces non-violent actors to commit violence. The subculture of violence has a greater impact and inducement on individual adolescents, Because of their yearning for and impulse to violence, it is very easy for them to accept the subcultural spirit of violence and to accept and identify with the cultural values of violence. The idea of violence is integrated into a part of their thinking and behavior, so that they eventually take the initiative to violence and get pleasure and psychological satisfaction from it.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：C913.5

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