毒鼠强中毒所致动物脏器病理改变与其含量和中毒时间的关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 14:20

本文选题：毒鼠强　切入点：病理改变　出处：《四川大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 毒鼠强是一种含氮杂环类灭鼠药，其中毒剂量小，外观无色无味，且性质稳定，易因误食引起中毒，也被用作自杀或被犯罪分子利用，其致死率高。目前的研究多集中于毒鼠强中毒的临床表现及对症治疗等，有关基础性研究相对较少，因此，其毒理作用机制尚未完全阐明。本研究旨在探索毒鼠强中毒大鼠器官组织发生的病理改变与其中毒鼠强含量之间的关系：毒鼠强中毒大鼠器官组织发生的病理改变与中毒时间之间的关系，从而为揭示毒鼠强中毒的毒性机制，进一步诊治毒鼠强中毒提供科学依据，，也为毒鼠强中毒的法医学鉴定提供参考。为了测定血液和组织中的毒鼠强含量，经过对萃取条件进行摸索及色谱条件的优化，本研究建立了生物检材中毒鼠强的分析方法。用苯作为萃取溶剂，运用GC-TSD作为检测手段。其色谱条件如下：分析仪器为VARIAN CP 3800，采用涂层为二甲基硅氧烷的CP-Sil5CB非极性熔融石英毛细管色谱柱(30m×0．25mm×0．25μm)，柱温程序100℃(?)210℃(2min)(?)→280℃(3min)，进样口温度280℃，TSD检测器温度300℃，载气为氮气，流速1mL／min，以与对照品的保留时间比对作为定性依据，用外标法定量。本研究选用健康SD大鼠作为研究动物。将实验动物随机分成五个实验组和一个对照组。一部分实验组大鼠用不同剂量毒鼠强进行染毒，于相同时间处死；另一部分实验组大鼠用相同剂量毒鼠强进行染毒，于不同时间处死。对照组大鼠灌服生理盐水作空白对照。采集各组大鼠的血液、心脏、肝脏和脑，用所建方法对染毒组大鼠器官组织中的毒鼠强含量进行测定，并运用多聚甲醛和戊二醛混合固定液对各组动物脏器进行固定，分别用光学显微镜和透射电镜对染毒大鼠器官组织发生的病理变化进行了观察，以考察毒鼠强染毒大鼠器官组织发生的病理改变与相应器官组织中的毒鼠强含量之间的关系和毒鼠强染毒大鼠器官组织发生的病理改变与中毒时间之间的关系。通过光镜观察发现，毒鼠强对染毒大鼠的脑干、心脏和肝脏均有一定损伤，且无明显性别差异。毒鼠强对心脏的损伤程度与毒鼠强的含量和中毒时间有一定的相关性，对脑干和肝脏的损伤程度与毒鼠强含量和中毒时间无明显相关性。通过电镜观察发现，脑干神经细胞内线粒体轻度扩张水肿、核糖体减少、胶质细胞基本正常，可见较为明显的神经纤维髓鞘脱失病变。毒鼠强引起的脑干神经纤维髓鞘脱失病变程度与脑组织中毒鼠强的含量和中毒时间均呈正相关，脑组织中毒鼠强的含量越高，中毒时间越长，脑干神经纤维脱髓鞘病变越严重。本课题建立了生物检材中毒鼠强的分析方法，首次研究了毒鼠强染毒大鼠器官组织发生的病理改变与相应器官组织中的毒鼠强含量和中毒时间之间的关系。为毒鼠强中毒机制的深入研究提供了重要参考，为毒鼠强中毒的诊治积累了资料，为毒鼠强中毒的法医学鉴定提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Tetramine is a heterocyclic rodenticide, the poison amount is small, the appearance is colorless and odorless, and nature is stable, easy to cause poisoning due to eating, also can be used as Dutch act or by criminals, the mortality rate is high. The present study focused on the clinical manifestation and the symptomatic treatment of tetramine poisoning, the basic relatively few studies, therefore, its toxic mechanism. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the occurrence of tetramine poisoning rat organs and tissue pathological changes and the content of tetramine: the relationship between pathological changes and the poisoning time tetramine poisoning rats organs, so as to reveal the mechanism of toxicity of tetramine poisoning, further diagnosis and treatment tetramine poisoning and provide a scientific basis, but also provide a reference for the forensic identification of tetramine poisoning.
For the determination of tetramine in blood and tissues, after optimization of chromatographic conditions for exploration and extraction conditions, this study established a biological sample analysis method. The strong poisoning rats with benzene as extraction solvent, using GC-TSD as a means of detection. Following the chromatographic conditions: the analytical instrument is VARIAN CP 3800, used for coating two methyl siloxane CP-Sil5CB non polar melting quartz capillary column (30M * 0.25mm * 0.25 m), the column temperature program 100 C 210 C (?) (2min) (?) - 280 C (3min), inlet temperature of 280 DEG C, TSD detector temperature of 300 DEG C, carriergaswasnitrogen and the flow rate of 1mL / min, with retention time alignment control as the qualitative basis, quantified by external standard method.
This study selected healthy SD rats as the animal. The experimental animal were randomly divided into five experimental groups and one control group. A part of rats in the experimental group were treated with different dose of tetramine, killed at the same time; the other part of the experimental group rats were treated with the same dose of tetramine, rats were killed at different times. The control rats treated with saline as control. The rats collected blood, heart, liver and brain of tetramine concentration in rats in organs and tissues were determined by the established method, and the use of animal organs were fixed in paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde fixed mixed liquid, respectively by optical microscope and transmission electron microscopy on pathological changes of organ tissue in rats were observed, with the content of pathologic change of tetramine tetramine poisoned rats organs and tissues of the corresponding organ The relationship between pathological changes and the poisoning time between organs and occurrence of tetramine poisoned rats.
Through the light microscope observation found that the tetramine poisoned rats brain, heart and liver were damaged, and there is no significant gender differences. There is a certain correlation between the degree of the damage and tetramine tetramine poisoning time and the content of the heart, there was no significant correlation between the degree of damage and tetramine quantity and the poisoning time of brainstem and liver.
The electron microscope showed that the mitochondria in nerve cells in the brainstem mild dilation and edema, decreased ribosomes, glial cells are basically normal, visible obvious demyelination of nerve lesions caused by tetramine. Neurofibra myelinolysis and brain tissue content of poisoning and the poisoning time were strong positive correlation, strong content of brain tissue poisoning rats the higher the poisoning time longer, neurofibra myelinolysis were more serious.
This paper established the biological samples were strong poisoning analysis method, for the first time to study the relationship between pathological changes and the corresponding organ tissue organs of tetramine poisoned rats in tetramine quantity and the poisoning time. The further study of tetramine poisoning mechanism provides important reference, to accumulate data for the diagnosis and treatment of tetramine poisoning. Provide a reference for the forensic identification of tetramine poisoning.

【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D919

【相似文献】