我国户籍制度改革的必要性及其财政配套改革

发布时间：2018-03-24 19:03

本文选题：户籍制度　切入点：经济发展　出处：《复旦大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国现行的城乡分割的二元户籍制度形成于建国初期,当时国民经济处于起步阶段,国家财政力量薄弱,因此国家选择了一种适应计划经济体制的户籍制度,以行政的手段限制人口自由迁徙,以缓解城市资源短缺的危机。在当时特定的历史条件下,限制性的户籍政策起到了一定的积极作用,它满足了计划经济的要求,有利于中央的统一管理和调控,有利于生产资料和劳动力的划拨,有利于中国整体经济的协调。改革开放以后,我国实行了市场经济体制,市场经济要求生产要素和资源的合理有效的配置,为此,限制性的户籍制度显得越来越不合时宜。户籍制度的限制,直接或间接造成了我国城市化进程的滞后和农村经济发展的缓慢,同时极大地阻碍了劳动力和人力资本的流动和合理配置,因此,改革现有的户籍制度已成为当务之急。本文在对现行户籍制度不利影响进行阐述之后,提出要想改革现行户籍制度,最重要的是要剥离户籍背后所附加的各种社会福利,如由户籍所导致的教育、就业和社会保障的不平等,还户籍制度其本原功能,使其成为真正意义上的人口登记和管理制度,而不是一种隐性的福利分配制度。而要想剥离户籍所附加的福利,就必须进行配套的财政体制改革,其中包括全国性财政体制改革和地方性财政体制改革。最后,本文对户籍制度改革的财政配套改革方向和原则提出了一些建议。
[Abstract]:Two yuan of household registration system in China's current urban-rural formation in the early days, when the national economy at the initial stage, the financial strength is weak, so the state has chosen a planned economic system to the household registration system, with administrative means to limit the free migration of the population to alleviate the shortage of city crisis. In the specific historical time under the restriction of household registration policy has played a positive role, it satisfies the requirement of planned economy, a unified management and control to the central, there is conducive to the allocation of production and labor, is conducive to the overall coordination of China economy.
After the reform and opening up, China has implemented the system of market economy, market economy requirements of production factors and resources reasonably and efficiently, therefore, restriction of the household registration system has become more and more. Be inopportune or inappropriate restrictions on the household registration system, directly or indirectly caused by China's city urbanization lag and the rural economic development is slow, but also greatly hinder and reasonable allocation of labor and human capital, therefore, the reform of the existing household registration system has become a pressing matter of the moment.
This paper elaborates on adverse effects on the existing household registration system, put forward to reform the existing household registration system, the most important thing is to peel off all kinds of social welfare domicile behind the additional, as caused by household education, employment and social security is not equal, but also the original function of household registration system, the registration of population and the management system in the true sense, rather than a hidden welfare allocation system. In order to strip the welfare attached to the system, the reform of the financial system must be complete, including the national financial system reform and local fiscal system reform. Finally, the reform of the household registration system reform direction and finance the principle put forward some suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D631.42

【引证文献】