上海市未成年人犯罪的现状及对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 18:48

本文选题：未成年人犯罪　切入点：现状　出处：《华东政法学院》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】： 众所周知，未成年人犯罪问题在全球范围内已是一个复杂的社会问题。从上世纪90年代以来，上海这一大都市的政治、经济、文化、教育等方面都发生了历史性的变化，这自然也会影响到社会化过程中的未成年人，并导致未成年人犯罪的动态变化。正如美国学者路易丝·谢利所讲的：“社会发展的进程可以促使犯罪的性质和数量发生变化，也可以引起犯罪人口的特点发生变化。” 上海作为我国改革开放和经济发展前沿的特大型城市，由于其社会环境与内地许多地方有较大的差别，因而，上海市未成年人的违法犯罪现象与内地有所不同，具有比较鲜明的地域和时代特征。如果能从全局、战略上来分析研究这段时期上海市未成年人犯罪的发展变化情况，无疑将有利于我们正确认识和了解当前本市未成年人犯罪的现象、特点和趋势，有助于政府部门特别是政法机关有针对性地采取措施，预防和惩治未成年人的违法犯罪行为，抑制未成年人违法犯罪的发展势头。这其中需要引起我们重视的是，上海目前已进入到了人均GDP从4000美元到8000美元的全面加速发展的社会转型期。由于现代化的冲击，各种社会不稳定因素的增加，，以往意义上的社会控制机制已经弱化，造成了大量社会问题的产生，其中就包括未成年人犯罪的快速增长。而预防未成年人犯罪必定是一项社会系统工程，需要全社会长期的共同努力。面对上海市未成年人犯罪的新形势，我们不得不思考这样一个课题，即如何根据未成年人的身心特点和社会化过程，以家庭为基础、学校和社区为着力点，全社会共同关心、积极参与、齐抓共管，构筑从源头上遏制未成年人犯罪的长效工作机制。在未成年人犯罪预防和控制方面，多年以来，上海曾经做了大量的工作，取得了宝贵的经验，受到了国内外的普遍重视和赞誉。然而，应当看到，我们的许多做法是与当时的计划经济社会背景基本适应的。随着上海社会的不断发展和进步，建立与时代发展相适应的未成年人犯罪预防和控制体系，无疑具有非常重要的理论意义和社会价值。有鉴于此，笔者通过调查研究、统计分析等方式，吸收借鉴了前人在心理学、犯罪学等方面的研究成果，在理性思考和科学论证的基础上，提出了预防和控制未成年人犯罪的对策措施，即：在加强和改进对本市未成年人犯罪预防和控制工作的领导、协调和保障的同时，构建符合时代需要的本市未成年人犯罪预防和控制体系，以提高本市在开展这项工作中的主动性、针对性和时效性。
[Abstract]:As we all know, juvenile delinquency is a complex social problem in the world.Since the 1990s, the political, economic, cultural, educational and other aspects of Shanghai, a metropolis, have undergone historic changes. Naturally, this will also affect minors in the process of socialization.And lead to the dynamic changes of juvenile delinquency.As the American scholar Louise Shelley put it: "the process of social development can change the nature and quantity of crime and the characteristics of the criminal population."Shanghai, as a large city in the forefront of China's reform, opening up and economic development, has a different social environment from many other places in the mainland, so the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in Shanghai is different from that in the mainland.With a relatively distinct region and the characteristics of the times.If we can analyze and study the development and changes of juvenile delinquency in Shanghai during this period from the overall and strategic perspective, it will undoubtedly be helpful for us to correctly understand and understand the phenomena, characteristics and trends of juvenile delinquency in this city.It is helpful for government departments, especially the political and legal organs, to take targeted measures to prevent and punish juvenile delinquency, and to restrain the development momentum of juvenile delinquency.What we should pay attention to is that Shanghai has entered a social transformation period of accelerating development from US $4000 to US $8000 per capita.Due to the impact of modernization and the increase of various social instability factors, the social control mechanism in the past has been weakened, resulting in a large number of social problems, including the rapid growth of juvenile delinquency.The prevention of juvenile delinquency must be a social system project, which needs the joint efforts of the whole society for a long time.In the face of the new situation of juvenile delinquency in Shanghai, we have to think about such a subject: how to take the family as the foundation, the school and the community as the focus, and how to take care of the whole society according to the minors' physical and mental characteristics and the process of socialization.Actively participate, work together to build a long-term working mechanism to curb juvenile delinquency from the source.In the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency, Shanghai has done a lot of work over the years, gained valuable experience, and received universal attention and praise at home and abroad.However, it should be noted that many of our practices were basically adapted to the background of the planned economy at that time.With the continuous development and progress of the society in Shanghai, it is undoubtedly of great theoretical significance and social value to establish a system of juvenile delinquency prevention and control adapted to the development of the times.In view of this, the author, by means of investigation and research, statistical analysis and so on, absorbs and draws lessons from the previous research achievements in psychology, criminology, and so on, on the basis of rational thinking and scientific argumentation.The countermeasures to prevent and control juvenile delinquency are put forward, that is, while strengthening and improving the leadership, coordination and protection of the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency in this city,In order to improve the initiative, pertinence and timeliness of juvenile delinquency prevention and control system in accordance with the needs of the times.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D917

【相似文献】