缉毒犬训练用冰毒替代物的开发、训练效果及对犬毒性的评估

发布时间：2018-04-09 11:26

本文选题：冰毒　切入点：成份分析　出处：《南京农业大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本实验首先建立了一种适用于分析冰毒及冰毒替代物成分的方法，用以指导研制、模拟冰毒气味用于缉毒犬训练。取冰毒样品50mg溶于磷酸盐缓冲液中。有机成分用0．5ml乙酸乙酯萃取。取上层有机相1μl，用配备DB-1毛细管色谱柱的气相色谱——质谱(GC-MS)联用仪分析。国外冰毒替代物直接用乙酸乙酯萃取，同法分析。冰毒真品有9种物质被检出。其中N-甲酰甲基安非他明、N-乙酰甲基安非他明在样品中出现，说明了此批冰毒是由苯丙酮(P-2-P)经Leuckart法合成。N-乙基甲基安非他明的检出，又可推断用于合成此批冰毒的P-2-P是由苯甲醛和硝基乙烷合成。国外冰毒替代物则有三种物质被检出，分别为1，3，5-三氧杂环己烷、肉豆蔻酸和1，2-邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯。此方法满足冰毒及国外替代物的成分分析，为研发我国自有的警犬训练用冰毒替代物提供了理论依据。根据前一阶段的试验结果，我们初步拟定了两种配方。运用动物试验评估各配方在实际应用中的效果。40头拉布拉多犬均分成两组，每配方组20头。每组参试犬的训练采用公安部南京警犬研究所制定的缉毒犬训练方法，训练合格后观察其对真冰毒的反应性。结果发现在经过五次强化与替代物间的气味联系后，两种配方训练合格的犬都100％感受出真冰毒的气味，能果断示警的犬配方a为90％，，配方b为85％，经X~2检验分析两者差异不显著(P＞0．05)。两种配方都能满足缉毒犬训练需要。根据前两阶段的试验结果，我们初步拟定两种缉毒犬训练用冰毒替代物配方。应用犬经口急性毒性试验来评估两种配方对试验犬健康的危害。18条试验犬按不同配方分成两批，每批内部按饲喂不同量替代物分成高、中、低浓度(10、5、1ml／次)三组，每天上、下午各饲喂一次，试验期6周。每周采血一次，分离血清测定14项血清生化指标。结果显示两种配方对犬均有轻微的毒性，但配方b毒性小于配方a。可以推断，在实际缉毒犬训练应用中，两配方效果一致，使用配方b可将潜在的急性毒害降至最低。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, a method was established for the analysis of methamphetamine and its substitutes, which was used to guide the development and simulate the odour of methamphetamine for the training of anti-drug dogs.The sample of methamphetamine (50mg) was dissolved in phosphate buffer solution.The organic components were extracted by 0.5ml ethyl acetate.The upper organic phase (1 渭 l) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with DB-1 capillary column.Foreign alternatives to methamphetamine were directly extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed by the same method.Nine kinds of substances were detected from the authentic mecme.N- formylmethamphetamine N- acetyl methamphetamine was found in the sample, indicating that the methamphetamine was synthesized by Leuckart method.It can also be inferred that P-2-P used to synthesize this batch of methamphetamine was synthesized from benzaldehyde and nitroethane.Foreign alternatives to methamphetamine were found in three kinds of substances, I. e., 1 ~ (3) C _ (3) O _ (3) H _ (3) H _ (OH), myristic acid and dibutyl phthalate (n ~ (-butyl)) 1 ~ (2) -phthalate, respectively.This method satisfies the composition analysis of methamphetamine and foreign substitutes and provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of our own ice substitute for police dog training.Based on the results of the previous phase of the experiment, we have preliminarily drawn up two formulations.Animal experiment was used to evaluate the effect of each formula in practical application. Forty Labrador dogs were divided into two groups with 20 dogs in each formula group.Each group of dogs was trained with the training method developed by Nanjing Police Dog Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security. The reaction of the dogs to real meth was observed after qualified training.The results showed that 100% of the dogs that qualified the training of the two formulations could feel the smell of true meth after five times of strengthening the odour connection between the substitute and the substitute. The formula a was 90 and the formula b was 85. The difference was not significant (P > 0.05).Both formulations can meet the training needs of anti-drug dogs.Based on the results of the first two stages of the experiment, we have preliminarily developed two formulations of methamphetamine substitutes for the training of anti-drug dogs.The acute toxicity test was used to evaluate the health hazard of the two formulations in dogs. Eighteen dogs were divided into two batches according to different formulations. Each batch was divided into three groups: high, medium and low concentrations 1051ml / time.Each was fed once in the afternoon for 6 weeks.Blood samples were collected once a week and 14 serum biochemical indexes were determined.The results showed that both of the two formulations were slightly toxic to dogs, but the toxicity of formula b was less than that of formula A.It can be inferred that the effect of the two formulations is the same in the practical training of anti-drug dogs, and the potential acute toxicity can be minimized by the use of formula b.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D631.2

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