论产业经济视野下的有组织犯罪黑社会化

发布时间：2018-04-15 19:41

本文选题：有组织犯罪 + 有组织犯罪黑社会化　；参考：《华东政法大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 有组织犯罪是危害极其严重的一种犯罪形态,与贩毒、恐怖主义活动一起被联合国大会宣称的“世界三大犯罪灾难之一”。有组织犯罪不仅是当前国际社会所面临的严重政治问题,也是严重社会治安问题。处于转型时期的中国也不例外,全国各地相继出现各种犯罪团伙、地方黑恶势力以及黑社会(性质)组织;尤其在沿海地区,加之境外黑社会组织的渗透,有组织犯罪出现严重的黑社会化的趋势。如何预防和打击有组织犯罪成为政府以及整个社会所面临的重要课题。虽然学术界对于有组织犯罪的界定有所争论,但对于有组织犯罪具有组织性以及为牟取非法的巨额经济利益为目的的特征已形成统一的见解。这两种特征揭示出在某些层面上可以将宏观上的有组织犯罪(有组织犯罪整体)当作一种非法产业,将微观层面上的有组织犯罪(单个犯罪组织)视为一个非法的经济实体。从这一角度来看,有组织犯罪黑社会化的本质就是经济实体追逐经济利益的过程,一个产业发展的过程;而对于经济利益的追逐又促使有组织犯罪黑社会化(包括组织结构的提升与非法控制行业的扩张)。一个产业的形成与发展离不开其经济环境。有组织犯罪作为一个经济实体,其产生、生存与发展同样不能摆脱当前的经济运行环境。因而在有组织犯罪黑社会化的动态过程中,即有组织犯罪的犯罪形式由较低层次向较高层次转变,从一般的集团犯罪向黑社会组织以及跨国黑社会组织发展,市场经济体制的不完善以及市场经济改革所带来的负面影响这些诱导因素不可忽视。现阶段,我国多元的所有制结构为有组织犯罪的形成及其黑社会化提供了土壤;人口流动以及劳动力的相对过剩为有组织犯罪黑社会化提供了后备力量;异生黑市以及法律资源的供给不足为有组织犯罪黑社会化提供了发展空间;社会转型时期制度的不完善给有组织犯罪黑社会化提供了契机。另一方面,一个经济体的目的在于谋取经济利益。同样,有组织犯罪的目的也在于谋求非法的巨额经济利益。有组织犯罪自身生存以及为满足其成员的奢侈的生活等各方面的经济要求才是有组织犯罪黑社会化的内部经济动因,是根本推动力。有组织犯罪在最大化的追求经济利益的同时,不断推动着其成员个体与自身组织体的黑社会化进程。在这样市场环境以及经济体本身的要求下,有组织犯罪在黑社会化过程中逐步形成了强大的经济实体;并且呈现出逐步向合法经济领域、政治领域渗透的趋势。有组织犯罪充分利用其雄厚的经济实力,在保护有组织犯罪的生存与发展,以及有组织犯罪的帮会文化的形成方面发挥了巨大作用。因此,从产业经济的视野下分析有组织犯罪黑社会化,针对有组织犯罪及其黑社会化的市场经济动因以及作为一个经济实体本身的运行规律方面,采取具有针对性的防控措施对于预防和控制有组织犯罪具有极其重要的意义。例如,完善市场经济制度、消除市场经济的负面影响,通过打击黑市和控制洗钱削弱有组织犯罪的经济实力,都能够有效预防有组织犯罪及其黑社会化。
[Abstract]:Organized crime is one of the most harmful forms of crime , which is linked to drug trafficking and terrorism . Organized crime is not only a serious political problem facing the current international community , but also a serious social security problem . It is not only the serious political problem that the current international community faces , but also serious social security . In the period of transition , there are various kinds of criminal gangs , local black and evil forces and the underworld ( nature ) organizations . Especially in the coastal areas , there is a tendency of serious black socialization in organized crime . How to prevent and combat organized crime has become an important task facing the government and society as a whole .

Although there is a debate about the definition of organized crime in the academic circle , it has formed a unified view on the organization of organized crime and the large economic benefit for making it illegal . The two characteristics reveal that the nature of organized crime ( organized crime as a whole ) can be regarded as an illegal economic entity at certain level . From this perspective , it is the process of economic entity pursuit of economic benefits , the process of industry development , and the pursuit of economic benefit has led to the formation of the black socialization of organized crime ( including the promotion of organizational structure and the expansion of illegal control industry ) .

The formation and development of an industry is inseparable from its economic environment . As an economic entity , there is organized crime as an economic entity , and its emergence , existence and development can not get rid of the current economic operation environment .

Under the demand of such a market environment and the economy itself , organized crime has gradually formed a strong economic entity in the process of black socialization , and has shown a tendency to gradually infiltrate into the legal economy and political field . Organized crime makes full use of its strong economic strength , plays a great role in protecting the existence and development of organized crime and the formation of gang culture with organized crime .

Therefore , it is of great significance to analyze the black socialization of organized crime from the view of industrial economy , the reason of market economy for organized crime and its black socialization and the operation law as an economic entity itself . For example , to perfect the market economy system and eliminate the negative impact of market economy , it is possible to effectively prevent organized crime and its black socialization by combating black market and controlling the economic strength of organized crime .

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】