我国环境犯罪的原因和对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 21:34

本文选题：环境犯罪 + 原因　；参考：《东北林业大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境犯罪是对人的生命、健康、财产和生态环境造成严重损害的一种行为。在环境问题日益严重的今天，对于环境犯罪的原因和防治对策进行深入的研究，不仅能有效地遏制环境犯罪行为在我国的发生、对我国环境犯罪理论研究与实践操作起到积极的作用，而且对我国的环境保护具有重要意义。本文着重从以下几个方面对我国环境犯罪的原因及防治对策进行了剖析：第一部分，简要对环境犯罪的概念进行了陈述，指出环境犯罪是违反国家环境保护法规的规定，造成或可能造成人身、财产或环境损害，情节严重，应受到刑法制裁的行为。它所具有的一般特征包括三个方面。即，环境犯罪行为危害后果的严重性、环境犯罪行为的间接性以及环境犯罪行为结果影响的长期性。第二部分，从我国环境犯罪行为的现状出发，分析了现阶段我国环境犯罪呈现的五大特点，即，环境犯罪多是以追求经济利益为目的；企业法人环境犯罪现象突出；自然人违背工作职责的环境犯罪行为明显；环境犯罪的黑数现象严重以及污染型和破坏型环境犯罪的同时发生。第三部分，阐释了研究环境犯罪原因所具有的积极意义，，并具体从经济、道德和法律三个因素出发，指出：1、传统的经济发展模式造成了国家对环境资源的管理和价值定位不准，使某些地方政府为了追求经济利益从而放任或纵容了环境犯罪行为的发生。2、道德体系中错误的环境道德观对环境犯罪行为的产生起到的消极作用。3、法制因素中的立法、执法、司法存在的问题造成的打击环境犯罪行为的不及时和力度弱，也同样是环境犯罪的原因之一。第四部分，在第三部分的分析原因的基础上提出防治我国环境犯罪的基本对策，具体包括：1、实现可持续发展的经济模式，建设良好的社会外部条件。2、重新建设环境道德体系，充分发挥环境道德对环境犯罪行为的遏制作用。3、完善惩治环境犯罪的法律机制，加大环境犯罪的打击力度，实现环境犯罪的一般预防和特殊预防。当然，环境犯罪作为一种社会现象，导致其产生的原因是多方面的，其防治对策也是多种多样的。本文仅从这几个方面出发进行论述，希望对我国的环境犯罪研究有些许助益。
[Abstract]:Environmental crime is a serious damage to human life, health, property and ecological environment.In today's increasingly serious environmental problems, in-depth research on the causes and preventive measures of environmental crimes can not only effectively curb the occurrence of environmental crimes in China,It plays an active role in the theoretical research and practical operation of environmental crime in China, and it is of great significance to the environmental protection of our country.In this paper, the causes of environmental crime in China and the prevention and control measures are analyzed from the following aspects:The first part briefly describes the concept of environmental crime and points out that environmental crime is an act that violates the regulations of national environmental protection laws and regulations and causes or is likely to cause personal, property or environmental damage, the circumstances of which are serious and should be punished by criminal law.Its general characteristics include three aspects.That is, the severity of the harmful consequences of environmental crimes, the indirect nature of environmental crimes and the long-term impact of environmental crimes.The second part, from the current situation of environmental crime in China, analyzes the five characteristics of environmental crime in our country, that is, environmental crime is mostly for the purpose of pursuing economic interests, the phenomenon of corporate environmental crime is prominent.The environmental crime of natural person violates the duty of work obviously, the black number phenomenon of the environmental crime is serious, and the pollution type and the damage type environmental crime occur at the same time.In the third part, the author explains the positive significance of studying the causes of environmental crime, and points out that the traditional economic development model has caused the country's management and value orientation of environmental resources to be inaccurate from the three factors of economy, morality and law.In order to pursue economic interests, some local governments have allowed or condoned the occurrence of environmental crimes, the negative effect of the wrong environmental morality in the moral system on the emergence of environmental crimes, the legislation and law enforcement in the legal system,It is also one of the reasons of environmental crime that the problems in the administration of justice lead to the untimely and weak action against environmental crime.The fourth part, on the basis of the analysis of the reasons in the third part, puts forward the basic countermeasures to prevent and cure environmental crime in China, including: 1, the economic model of realizing sustainable development, the construction of good social external conditions .2and the re-construction of the environmental moral system.We should give full play to the role of environmental morality in containing environmental crimes, perfect the legal mechanism for punishing environmental crimes, intensify the crackdown on environmental crimes, and realize the general prevention and special prevention of environmental crimes.Of course, as a social phenomenon, environmental crime is caused by many reasons, and its preventive measures are also various.This paper discusses only from these aspects, hoping to be of some help to the study of environmental crime in China.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】