生命观与青少年犯罪

发布时间：2018-04-25 11:22

本文选题：青少年 + 犯罪　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：青少年犯罪是世界各国普遍关注的社会性问题。经济和科学技术的发展为青少年犯罪提供了更广阔的空间和更丰富的作案工具和手段。新时期的青少年犯罪案件数量大幅增加,在整个刑事案件中的比重较高,犯罪涉及的领域广、类型丰富且暴力犯罪增多,这要求我们必须对青少年犯罪给予足够的重视。青少年犯罪不仅与学校、家庭和社会等环境有关,还与个体的生命观有极其密切的联系。本文首先对青少年犯罪的相关概念进行解释和剖析,界定“青少年”的具体范围和“青少年犯罪”内涵和外延。然后围绕生命观与青少年犯罪这个问题,分为五个部分进行论述。第一章对青少年犯罪的概念、现状及特点进行分析。首先对“青少年”和“青少年犯罪”两个概念进行界定。其次用数量对比说明目前我国青少年犯罪人数大量增加。最后从数量、比例、主体、行为、结构等几方面分析青少年犯罪的主要特征。第二章在分析现状的基础上对青少年犯罪的原因进行分析。对学者对犯罪原因的理论进行介绍,说明犯罪行为的获得过程。代表性观点有:综合动因论、社会控制功能弱化论、文化不平衡论(文化冲突论)以及犯罪学习理论。在分析一般犯罪原因基础上,对青少年犯罪的具体原因进行分析。概括了学者关于青少年犯罪原因的代表性观点,主要有三类:侧重强调社会因素;侧重强调个体因素;个体因素和社会因素均衡。分别列举了各个类别的代表性观点,并对观点进行分析。第三章是本文重点,在分析青少年犯罪原因基础上论述生命观的扭曲和缺失是青少年犯罪的重要主观原因。此部分中,笔者分四个层次进行论述,首先对生命观的概念从广义和狭义两方面进行界定;其次论述正确生命观缺失的表现,列举案例说明青少年正确生命观缺失引发的惨剧,得出缺失正确生命观,极易导致暴力恶性案件的发生。再次分析青少年生命观错误或扭曲的原因,说明学校、家庭和社会环境是生命观形成过程中最重要的参与因素;最后分析生命观对青少年犯罪的作用原理,认为青少年时期的特殊生理心理特征使其易受周围环境的影响,从而产生错误的生命观(内部认同的过程)。结合津巴多的态度对行为的影响理论及弗洛伊德精神分析中的“三我”(自我、超我、本我)理论论述错误生命观对青少年犯罪行为的作用原理和路径。第四章在分析生命观对青少年犯罪的影响的基础上,主张从树立正确生命观的角度进行青少年犯罪的预防。这部分引入新概念——生命教育。本章共分三个部分,第一部分介绍了生命教育的概念极其产生与发展的历史,指出我国的生命教育处于相对落后状态;第二部分在生命观与青少年犯罪的作用原理基础上介绍生命教育实施的必要性;第三部分对生命教育的具体内容进行阐述。
[Abstract]:Juvenile delinquency is a social problem of universal concern all over the world. The development of economy and science and technology provides a wider space and more abundant criminal tools for juvenile delinquency. In the new era, the number of juvenile delinquency cases has increased significantly, and the proportion in the whole criminal cases is relatively high. The crime involves a wide range of fields, rich types and violent crime, which requires us to pay enough attention to juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency is not only related to school, family and society, but also closely related to individual view of life. This paper first explains and analyzes the related concepts of juvenile delinquency, and defines the specific scope of "juvenile delinquency" and the connotation and extension of "juvenile delinquency". Then around the concept of life and juvenile delinquency this problem, divided into five parts to discuss. The first chapter analyzes the concept, present situation and characteristics of juvenile delinquency. First of all, the two concepts of "juvenile" and "juvenile delinquency" are defined. Secondly, it shows that the number of juvenile delinquency in our country is increasing. Finally, the main characteristics of juvenile delinquency are analyzed from the aspects of quantity, proportion, subject, behavior and structure. The second chapter analyzes the causes of juvenile delinquency on the basis of analyzing the present situation. This paper introduces the theory of the reason of crime and explains the process of obtaining the crime. The representative views include comprehensive motivation theory, social control function weakening theory, cultural imbalance theory (cultural conflict theory) and criminal learning theory. On the basis of analyzing the causes of general crime, the paper analyzes the specific causes of juvenile delinquency. This paper summarizes the representative views of scholars on the causes of juvenile delinquency, which are mainly divided into three categories: emphasizing social factors, emphasizing individual factors, and balancing individual factors and social factors. The representative views of each category are listed, and the views are analyzed. The third chapter is the focus of this paper, on the basis of analyzing the causes of juvenile delinquency, it discusses that the distortion and absence of life view is an important subjective reason for juvenile delinquency. In this part, the author discusses the concept of life in four levels: firstly, the concept of life is defined from two aspects: broad sense and narrow sense; secondly, the expression of the lack of correct view of life is discussed, and some cases are cited to illustrate the tragedy caused by the lack of correct view of life of young people. The lack of correct view of life can easily lead to the occurrence of vicious cases of violence. After analyzing the causes of the mistakes or distortions of the view of life of young people, it is shown that the school, family and social environment are the most important factors in the forming process of the view of life; finally, the principle of the action of the view of life on juvenile delinquency is analyzed. It is believed that the special physiological and psychological characteristics of adolescence make them vulnerable to the influence of the surrounding environment and thus produce a wrong view of life (the process of internal identification). Based on the theory of the influence of Zinbardo's attitude on behavior and Freud's theory of "three self" (ego, superego, id), this paper discusses the action principle and path of wrong life view on juvenile delinquency. On the basis of analyzing the influence of the view of life on juvenile delinquency, the fourth chapter advocates the prevention of juvenile delinquency from the perspective of establishing a correct view of life. This part introduces a new concept-life education. This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part introduces the concept of life education and the history of its emergence and development, pointing out that life education in China is in a relatively backward state; The second part introduces the necessity of the implementation of life education on the basis of life view and the function principle of juvenile delinquency, and the third part expounds the concrete content of life education.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.5

【参考文献】