外力打击兔颈动脉窦压力感受器引起死亡的动物模型的建立及其死亡机制的研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 09:59

本文选题：颈动脉窦压力感受器 + 死亡模型　；参考：《重庆医科大学》2005年博士论文

【摘要】：目的:临床及法医学检案中时常遇到颈部受外界压力刺激后引起死亡的报导。这类案件有典型的临床经过,而无形态学证据,其死亡机制不清。本实验借助机械性外力打击颈动脉窦压力感受器建立动物死亡的模型,通过生理学、形态学观察、血清生物化学对 ANP、NO、NOS 检测及反转录聚合酶链反应(Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, RT-PCR)检测 ANP mRNA NOS mRNA 基因表达等方法手段,研究其死亡的机制,寻找诊断死亡的客观指标与标准。材料、方法和结果: 1、生理学研究:实验借助机械性暴力打击兔颈动脉窦压力感受器,分为 3 组,共 36 只,实验组(n=20)、正常对照组(n1=8)及损伤对照组(n2=8),观察其主要生命体征的变化。25%(5/20)动物心率下降,且伴随血压下降而死亡;75%(15/20)动物心率下降(10 次/分),但血压轻度升高或维持在正常水平。 2、形态学研究:实验组死亡动物经过检验未发现器质性病变,其死亡均由颈动脉窦压力感受器被打击后所致。形态学观察发现颈动脉窦外膜损伤表现为灶性片状出血、神经纤维断裂、神经纤维轴浆溶解;心肌表现为急性缺血性损伤改变,右心房 ANP 颗粒明显减少,甚至消失;无明显肺水肿表现。而存活组亦有部分颈动脉外膜灶性出血、轻度急性心肌缺血性损伤改变(但程度比死亡组轻),右心房 ANP 颗粒尚存较多。
[Abstract]:Objective: to report death caused by external pressure on neck in clinical and forensic cases. This type of case has a typical clinical history, without morphological evidence, its death mechanism is unclear. In this experiment, the animal death model was established by mechanical external force hitting carotid sinus baroreceptor, and the animal death model was observed by physiological and morphological observation. Serum biochemistry and reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of ANP mRNA NOS mRNA gene and to study the mechanism of ANP mRNA NOS mRNA death and to find out the objective indexes and criteria for the diagnosis of death. Materials, methods and results: 1. Physiological study: the experiment used mechanical violence to attack carotid sinus baroreceptor in rabbits, which was divided into 3 groups: experimental group (n = 36), normal control group (n = 8) and injury control group (n = 8). The changes of main vital signs were observed. The heart rate decreased 10 times per minute, but the blood pressure was slightly elevated or maintained at normal level. 2. Morphologic study: the dead animals in the experimental group had not found any organic lesions, but the death was caused by the blow of carotid sinus baroreceptor. Morphological observation showed that the injury of carotid sinus adventitia was characterized by focal lamellar hemorrhage, nerve fiber rupture, axonal dissolution of nerve fiber, acute ischemic injury in myocardium, and decrease or even disappearance of ANP granules in right atrium. No obvious pulmonary edema was found. In the survival group, there were some focal carotid hemorrhage and mild acute myocardial ischemic injury (but the degree was lighter than that in the death group, and the ANP granules of right atrium were still more than those in the dead group).
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R653;D919

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