以山东省为例浅谈我国社区矫正的现状、问题及其完善

发布时间：2018-05-03 01:15

本文选题：社区矫正 + 山东　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：社区矫正,又名社区处遇、社区矫治,是一种与监狱矫正相对的非监禁刑罚执行方式。它通过保持罪犯与社会的联系并利用社区的资源来改造矫治罪犯,是所有在社区环境中管理教育罪犯方式的总称。随着刑罚执行方式由严酷走向缓和,随着刑罚执行目的从惩罚到矫治的转变,社区矫正这种人性化、开放式的罪犯矫正制度越来越为各国所接受。进入新世纪以来,我国理论、实务界开始对社区矫正进行了诸多的探索,现已在全国全面试行了这一制度。本文除结语部分以外,共分为五个章节,运用实证分析、比较分析、定性定量论证等方法,对山东省及国内外的社区矫正制度和实践加以分析研究,并提出了相应的建议。本文主体分为五大部分。文章第一部分主要介绍了社区矫正制度的概念及适用范围。首先,本文将社区矫正的概念限定为狭义的社区矫正概念,即仅仅针对犯罪人,它是与监狱行刑相对应的刑罚执行制度。将符合条件的罪犯置于社区内,在专门的国家机关、社会团体和民间组织以及社会志愿者的协助下,在判决、裁定或决定确定的期限内,矫正其犯罪心理和行为恶习,并促使其顺利回归社会的非监禁刑罚执行活动。在我国,社区矫正的适用范围是:被判处管制、被宣告缓刑、被暂予监外执行、被裁定假释、以及被剥夺政治权利并在社会上服刑的五种罪犯。同时还明确规定:在符合法定条件的情况下,对于罪行轻微、主观恶性不大的未成年犯、老病残犯,以及罪行较轻的初犯、过失犯等,应当作为重点对象,适用非监禁措施,实施社区矫正。这一适用范围是在综合考虑了罪犯的主观恶性、罪行轻重、对社会的危害性以及社会对罪犯的接纳程度、社区管理矫正的可行性等因素的基础上所做出的规定,宽严得当、全面适中,符合我国国情和社会心理,具有较强的可操作性。文章第二部分着重介绍了社区矫正工作在山东省的试点及全面试行情况。首先介绍了山东省社区矫正试点工作的开展情况:一是制度完善方面。二是机构设立方面。三是经费保障方面。四是部门配合方面。五是社区矫正人员评估方面。六是管理体系方面。其次介绍了自2010年2月26日山东省高级人民法院、山东省人民检察院、山东省公安厅、山东省司法厅联合下发《关于在全省试行社区矫正工作的实施意见》以来,山东省和烟台市在社区矫正试行工作中的机构设置、人员配备、矫正对象等情况。文章第三部分介绍了国内部分先进省市社区矫正工作中的经验做法,并将山东省的社区矫正工作与之进行比对。首先,介绍了北京、上海、浙江、江苏四个省市的先进经验和做法。其次,将山东省的社区矫正工作与国内其他省市进行比较,分析其共性和山东省所存在的不足之处。文章第四部分介绍了美国、加拿大、日本等国社区矫正制度的发展和代表性做法,并跟中国的社区矫正制度进行了比较。通过比较分析,发现了中国社区矫正制度和实践中存在的不足,主要为:社会思想认识方面、立法方面及社会力量参与度方面。文章第五部分提出了对我国社区矫正制度未来发展的建议,包括:一是立法上可以先实行地区立法;二是社区矫正在规范和实际执行上的完善;三是社区矫正执行机构和具体操作上的完善;四是积极扩大社会的投入和参与。最后,笔者相信,通过国家及全社会的共同努力,社区矫正制度一定能在我国得以不断发展完善并发挥其应有的重要作用。
[Abstract]:Community correction, also known as community affairs, and community correction, is a non custodial penalty execution way relative to prison correction. It is the general term for all the ways of managing criminals in the community environment by maintaining the relationship between the criminals and the society and using the resources of the community. With the change of penalty implementation from punishment to correction, community correction is more and more accepted by various countries. Since the new century, our theory and practice have begun to make a lot of exploration on community correction, and the system has been tried in the whole country.
In addition to the concluding part, this article is divided into five chapters. By means of empirical analysis, comparative analysis, qualitative and quantitative demonstration, the system and practice of community correction in Shandong province and at home and abroad are analyzed and studied, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward.
The main body of this article is divided into five parts.
The first part of the article mainly introduces the concept and application scope of community correction system. First, this article defines the concept of community correction as a narrow sense of community correction, that is, only for the criminal, it is a penalty enforcement system corresponding to prison execution. With the assistance of groups and civil organizations and social volunteers, in the period of judgment, ruling or decision, the criminal psychological and behavioral habits are corrected, and the non imprisonment penalty enforcement activities to return to society are encouraged. In our country, the application of community correction is to be sentenced to control, to be suspended, to be suspended from the prison and to be suspended from the prison. Parole, as well as five kinds of criminals who have been deprived of political rights and serving a sentence in society, also clearly stipulate that, under the circumstances of legal conditions, minor offenders with minor offences, minor offenders, old and disabled, as well as minor offenders and negligent offenders, should be used as the key object, and apply non custodial measures to implement community correction. The scope of this application is based on the comprehensive consideration of the criminal's subjective malignancy, the seriousness of the crime, the harmfulness of the society, the degree of social acceptance of the criminal and the feasibility of the correction of the community. It is strict and moderate, in line with the national conditions and social psychology of our country, and has strong maneuverability.
The second part of the article mainly introduces the pilot and comprehensive trial situation of community correction in Shandong province. First, it introduces the development of community correction pilot work in Shandong Province: one is the system improvement. Two is the establishment of institutions. Three is the financial support. Four is the department coordination. Five is the assessment of community correction personnel. Six It is the management system. Secondly, since February 26, 2010 Shandong Provincial People's court, the Shandong Provincial People's Procuratorate, the Shandong provincial public security department and the Shandong Provincial Department of Justice jointly issued the implementation opinions on the trial operation of community correction in the province, Shandong province and Yantai city have set up the institutions in the trial work of community correction in Shandong and Yantai. Prepare, correct the object, and so on.
The third part introduces the experience and practice of community correction in some advanced provinces and cities in China, and compares the work of community correction in Shandong province. First, it introduces the advanced experience and practice of the four provinces and cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu. Secondly, the community correction work in Shandong is compared with the other provinces and cities in China, The similarities and shortcomings of Shandong province are analyzed.
The fourth part of the article introduces the development and representative practice of community correction system in the United States, Canada, Japan and other countries, and compares it with the Chinese community correction system. Through comparative analysis, it finds the shortcomings of the Chinese community correction system and practice, mainly: social ideological understanding, legislative and social forces participation. Degree.
The fifth part of the article puts forward the suggestions for the future development of our community correction system, including: first, the legislation can first implement regional legislation; the two is the improvement of community correction in the standard and practical implementation; three is the improvement of the community correction enforcement agencies and specific operations; four is to actively expand the input and participation of the society.
Finally, I believe that, through the joint efforts of the state and the whole society, the community correction system will be able to develop and improve and play its important role in our country.

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.8

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