Connexin43与心肌缺血的相关研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:38

本文选题：法医病理学 + 心脏　；参考：《四川大学》2004年博士论文

【摘要】：急性心肌缺血(acute myocardial ischemia, AMI)是局部心肌供血不足导致心肌组织灌注不良引起的心肌缺血性改变。常见原因是冠状动脉粥样硬化。冠状动脉炎、栓塞、先天性畸形或功能性痉挛等亦可引起心肌缺血。冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)的特征是心肌缺血、缺氧。心脏性猝死(sudden cardic death, SCH)病例中,冠心病约占50%。猝死是法医学研究的重点,冠心病猝死,发病突然、死亡迅速,发病后15min内死亡占40%,15min至2h死亡占30%。急性心肌缺血早期病理改变常规组织病理学检查有时难以发现明显的形态改变,因此,需寻找敏感的诊断指标。心肌细胞缝隙连接(gap junction, GJ)是由相邻心肌细胞膜连接蛋白(Cormexin, Cx)六聚体铆接成的细胞间低电阻通道,是心肌细胞间电耦联、营养物质及化学信息交换的重要结构基础。Cx家族-连接蛋白是一种六聚体空心蛋白圆柱体,中央有一直径约2nm的亲水性中央小管,每个连接小体镶嵌在细胞膜内,与相邻细胞膜中的连接小体顶端紧密结合,细胞间的中央小管相通。Cx43的正常表达与分布,是心肌间隙连接通道电耦联正常功能和心脏正常电活动及协调舒缩的重要保证。GJ电耦联紊乱引起折返性心律失常,发生心电传导减慢和单向阻滞可致心脏性死亡。Cx43表达和分布的异常是多种室性心率失常的解剖学基础。 Cx家族的研究主要在临床心血管疾病方面,尤对Cx43研究最多。90年代,国外研究主要集中在心律失常,如Peters等对心肌缺血、心肌梗死、心律失常及折返性心律失常的研究:Severs与Jongasma等人对心血管疾病的研究;国内伍伟峰等对心房纤颤者Cx40、Cx43基因转录表达的研究;张萍等对压力超负荷时心肌闰盘改变的研究等。近几年,对Cx家族的研究范围扩展到心脏以外的其它器官,研究对象也从Cx43到Cx家族的其
[Abstract]:Acute myocardial ischemia (myocardial ischemia, AMI) is a myocardial ischemic change caused by myocardial insufficiency. The common cause is coronary atherosclerosis. Coronary artery disease, embolism, congenital malformation or functional spasm can also cause myocardial ischemia. Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is characterized by myocardial ischemia and hypoxia. Coronary heart disease accounted for about 50% of sudden cardiac death in patients with Sudden cardic death, SCH). Sudden death is the focus of forensic research. Sudden death of coronary heart disease, sudden onset, rapid death, 40 minutes to 2 hours of death within the 15min accounted for 30% of death. In the early stage of acute myocardial ischemia, it is difficult to find obvious morphological changes in routine histopathological examination, so it is necessary to search for sensitive diagnostic indexes. Gap junctions (GJs) are low resistance intercellular channels riveted by adjacent cardiac cell membrane connectors Cormexin (CX), which are electrocoupler of myocardial cells. An important structural basis for the exchange of nutrients and chemical information. The CX family is a hexagonal hollow protein cylinder with a hydrophilic central tubule about the diameter of 2nm, each of which is embedded in the cell membrane. Close binding to the tip of the connective body in the adjacent cell membrane, the normal expression and distribution of the central tubule. Cx43. It is an important guarantee of normal function of electrical coupling of cardiac gap junction channel and normal electrical activity of heart and coordination of contraction and contraction. GJ electrical coupling disorder causes reentrant arrhythmias. The abnormal expression and distribution of .Cx43 in cardiac death caused by slow conduction and one-way block are the anatomical basis of various ventricular arrhythmias. The studies of CX family mainly focus on clinical cardiovascular diseases, especially on Cx43 in the 1990s. Foreign studies mainly focus on arrhythmia, such as Peters on myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, etc. Studies on Cardiovascular Disease in patients with Arrhythmia and reentrant Arrhythmia; study on Cardiovascular Disease in patients with Atrial Fibrillation by Jongasma et al.; study on transcription and expression of Cx40 Cx43 Gene in Atrial Fibrillation patients; study on changes of intercalated Disc in Myocardium under pressure overload by Zhang Ping et al. In recent years, the study of CX family has been extended to other organs other than the heart. The subjects have also been studied from Cx43 to CX family.
【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D919

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