涉枪犯罪特点、成因及侦防机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 04:17

本文选题：涉枪 + 犯罪　；参考：《西南政法大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 涉枪犯罪的现实存在状态没有理由让我们对其未来发展趋势作出乐观的估计，涉枪犯罪不仅侵害了特定对象的人身权和财产权，而且更是对社会公共安全的严重威胁。二十世纪80年代以来，涉枪犯罪在我国持续增长，持枪抢劫、持枪杀人等恶性案件不断发生，严重破坏和威胁社会治安。涉枪犯罪具有严重的社会危害性，是因为枪支具有比其它械具更强大的杀伤力，以其作为工具实施犯罪，能对他人造成强烈的心理强制和威胁，对他人人身和公私财产造成严重的危害，而以其为对象的犯罪则往往是为了获取枪支，以便利用枪支实施其它犯罪活动，对社会存在着潜在的危险。涉枪犯罪作为一个概念，是我国自20世纪80年代以来，尤其是90年代初以后伴随着枪支犯罪的日益发展，公安机关在收枪治爆、严惩涉枪犯罪的过程中逐步概括出来的一个准专业术语。从涉枪犯罪的内在规律性及其表现形式出发，，本文对涉枪犯罪的概念及其刑法学特征进行了初步的探析，笔者认为，所谓涉枪犯罪是指《中华人民共和国刑法》所规制的违反《中华人民共和国枪支管理法》，且以枪支、弹药为犯罪对象或犯罪工具的各种犯罪行为在理论上的总称，是对多种与枪支、弹药相关联的犯罪行为在理论上的一个整理与归类。通过对涉枪犯罪的宏观特征、时空特征、主体特征、行为特征深入细致的分析，从社会、经济、制度、环境等多方面追寻了涉枪犯罪的成因。笔者认为，涉枪犯罪的对策上，重在建立科学系统侦防机制，包含有两个构成体系，其一是涉枪犯罪侦查机制，其二是涉枪犯罪防控机制。侦查机制离不开防控机制的保障与支持，防控机制离不开侦查机制的支撑与维护，两者相互作用，互为补充。在涉枪案件的侦查机制中，笔者提出要建立快速反应、多层次协作、并案侦查、侦查保障等机制，以保证打击的及时性、主动性、连续性，有效遏制涉枪犯罪。同时，为了抛砖引玉，笔者对涉枪犯罪中比较典型的持枪杀人案件、黑社会性质组织涉枪案件、非法制造贩卖枪支案件的侦查提出了工作要点。在涉枪犯罪的防控上，笔者依据其发生的时间及所起的功效不同把涉枪犯罪防控理论划分为三个不同的层次：初级预防、中级预防与高级预防，进行了分析，提出了对犯罪工具、人员、重点作案目标、特殊行业控制和社会矛盾化解、群众举报、情报信息综合汇总研判等机制。应当看到，对涉枪犯罪的侦查和防控并不是一蹴而就的事情，它需要我们长时期的不懈努力。一方面，公安机关要保证高效率的案件侦破，严厉打击每一件已然之罪以防止犯罪示范效应的发生；另一方面，公安机关还要加强基层基础工作，严格控制枪支、弹药，堵源截流，以防枪支的流失。当然，仅靠公安机关来预防涉枪犯罪是远远不够的，预防犯罪本身就是个系统工程，其根本途径还在于社会综合治理，充分发挥社会各部门的职能，从建立完善社会保障体系、净化社会空气、弘扬社会正义入手，加强道德法制教育力度，提高公众的法律意识。唯如此，才能有效地对涉枪犯罪进行防控以保证社会的长治久安。
[Abstract]:There is no reason for us to make an optimistic estimate of the future development trend of the gun crime. The gun crime not only infringes on the personal rights and property rights of specific objects, but also is a serious threat to social public security. Since 80s twentieth Century, the crime of gun crime has continued to grow in China, armed robbery and gunshot murder. Such malignant cases continue to occur, seriously damaging and threatening social security. Gun crime has serious social harmfulness. It is because the gun has more powerful killing force than other weapons, and it can cause a strong psychological coercion and threat to others, and cause serious harm to others, public and private property. The crime often takes place in order to obtain guns, so as to facilitate the implementation of other criminal activities with guns, which is a potential danger to society.
As a concept, the crime involving the gun is a quasi professional term that the public security organs gradually generalize in the process of the gun crime and the gun crime since the 1980s, especially since the beginning of the 90s. The concept of gun crime and the characteristics of criminal law are preliminarily discussed. The author thinks that the so-called gun crime refers to the violation of the law of the People's Republic of China criminal law, which violates the law of the management of the firearms in People's Republic of China, and the general title of all kinds of criminal acts with guns and ammunition as the object of the crime or the tools of the crime. A theoretical collation and classification of crime related to firearms and ammunition.
Through a thorough and detailed analysis of the macro characteristics, temporal and spatial characteristics, the main features and the behavior characteristics of the gun crime involving the gun, the causes of the gun related crime are pursued from the social, economic, institutional and environmental aspects. The author believes that the Countermeasures of the gun crime involve the establishment of a scientific system of detection and defense, including two components, one involving the detection of gun crime. The mechanism of investigation, the other is the mechanism involving the prevention and control of the gun crime. The investigation mechanism can not be separated from the protection and support of the prevention and control mechanism, the prevention and control mechanism can not be separated from the support and maintenance of the investigation mechanism. The two interact and complement each other. In the investigation mechanism of the case involving the gun, the author proposes to establish the mechanism of rapid counter response, multi-level cooperation, case investigation, investigation guarantee and so on. In order to ensure the timeliness, initiative and continuity of the attack, it is effective to contain the gun crime. At the same time, in order to attract jade, the author puts forward the main points of the investigation of the cases of gun murder in the crime involved in the gun crime, the criminal case involving the black society and the investigation of the cases of the illegal manufacture and sale of firearms. The time and effect of birth have divided the theory of gun crime prevention and control into three different levels: primary prevention, intermediate prevention and advanced prevention, carried out analysis, and put forward the mechanism of crime tools, personnel, key crime targets, special industry control and social conflict resolution, mass report, comprehensive summary and study of information and information.
It should be seen that the investigation and prevention of gun crime is not an overnight thing, it needs our unremitting efforts for a long time. On the one hand, the public security organs should guarantee the detection of high efficiency cases and crack down on every one of the crimes to prevent the demonstration effect of the crime; on the other hand, the public security organs should also strengthen basic basic workers. In order to prevent the loss of firearms, the prevention of gun crime is far from enough. The prevention of crime itself is a systematic project. The fundamental way is to integrate the social comprehensive management, give full play to the functions of the social departments, and to improve the social security system and purify the social space. Qi, carrying forward the social justice, strengthening the moral legal education and raising the public's legal consciousness. Only in this way can we effectively prevent and control the crime involving the gun in order to ensure the long-term stability of the society.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917;D918

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