我国食品安全犯罪预防问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 09:03

本文选题：食品安全 + 食品安全监管　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,人们对生活质量的要求越来越高,对过去食品短缺的忧虑渐渐演变成了对食品安全问题的恐慌。经济的迅猛发展,随之而来的是食品安全犯罪的日以增多。目前,我国食品安全问题严峻,全国各地食品安全事件屡有发生,市场上存在的假冒伪劣食品严重威胁着广大消费者的身体健康与生命安全。食品安全犯罪的预防决定了我国的经济在未来是否能够快速发展,也关系到我们每一个人的生命健康和社会的和谐稳定。所以,我们必须完善食品安全犯罪预防机制,从源头控制食品安全领域的犯罪率。本文首先界定了我国食品安全犯罪预防问题的相关概念；运用以法学为基础的多学科视阈奠定食品安全犯罪预防的相关理论基础；运用生存权理论、风险预防理论、成本与收益理论、和谐社会理论,支撑本研究的相关内容；同时,明确我国食品安全犯罪预防的基本原则,在该原则框架内进行相关研究。其次,在考量现阶段我国食品安全犯罪现状的基础上,详细分析了我国食品安全犯罪预防的现存问题,包括规制主体分工不明确、食品行业准入标准低以及行政处罚力度不够等问题,并分析了产生这些问题的原因。再次,对欧洲、美洲、亚洲的典型国家和地区的预防食品安全犯罪的经验作了客观分析,总结出健全法律与统一监管、信息透明与公众参与、责任明确与全过程控制等符合我国国情、值得我国学习并借鉴的实践经验。借鉴国外预防食品安全犯罪的相关经验,完善具有中国特色的食品安全法制建设,以期实现对食品安全的周全保护。最后,本研究针对性的提出我国食品安全犯罪预防的现实困境；在总结其他发达国家和发展中国家相关经验教训的基础上,结合我国现阶段的实际,提出从三方面入手完善我国食品安全犯罪预防机制的建议。其一是构建食品安全犯罪预防体系,包括政府主导推动、社会团体监督、社会多方参与、社会伦理建设以及加强监督管理；其二是完善刑罚的设置,应引入资格刑,并加重对相关食品安全领域犯罪的刑罚处罚；其三是增加食品安全监管者职务犯罪的规定,填补现阶段的法律漏洞与不足。近年来,虽然学界对食品安全规制的研究很多,但多数是从《食品卫生法》以及食品安全的法律保护方面进行论述,从食品安全犯罪预防的角度保障我国食品安全进行的研究却寥寥无几。本文在坚持风险预防理念的基础上,从关注实害向关注危险转化。通过食品安全犯罪预防机制的构建和完善,解决食品领域的突出问题并提高其竞争力,使我国的食品行业走向可持续发展的道路。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, people are demanding more and more high quality of life. With the rapid development of economy, food safety crime is increasing. At present, the food safety problem in our country is serious, food safety incidents occur frequently all over the country, and the fake and inferior food in the market seriously threatens the health and life safety of the vast number of consumers. The prevention of food safety crime determines whether the economy of our country can develop rapidly in the future, and it is also related to the life and health of every one of us and the harmony and stability of the society. Therefore, we must consummate the food safety crime prevention mechanism, from the source controls the food safety domain crime rate. This paper first defines the related concepts of food safety crime prevention in China; establishes the relevant theoretical basis of food safety crime prevention by using the multidisciplinary perspective based on law; applies the right to life theory, risk prevention theory, The theory of cost and income and the theory of harmonious society support the relevant contents of this study. At the same time, the basic principles of food safety crime prevention in China are clarified, and the relevant research is carried out within the framework of these principles. Secondly, on the basis of considering the present situation of food safety crime in our country, this paper analyzes in detail the existing problems of food safety crime prevention in China, including the unclear division of labor among the main bodies of regulation. The problems of low access standards and inadequate administrative penalties in the food industry are analyzed, and the reasons for these problems are analyzed. Thirdly, it makes an objective analysis of the experiences of the typical countries and regions in Europe, America and Asia in preventing food safety crimes, and sums up the sound laws and unified supervision, transparency of information and public participation. The clear responsibility and the whole process control are in line with the situation of our country, and are worthy of our country to learn and learn from the practical experience. In order to realize the comprehensive protection of food safety, we should learn from the relevant experiences of foreign countries to prevent food safety crimes and perfect the construction of food safety legal system with Chinese characteristics. Finally, this study puts forward the practical dilemma of food safety crime prevention in China. On the basis of summing up the relevant experiences and lessons of other developed and developing countries, combined with the reality of our country at present, Some suggestions are put forward to improve the prevention mechanism of food safety crime in China from three aspects. The first is to build a food safety crime prevention system, including government-led promotion, supervision by social organizations, social participation, social ethics construction and strengthening of supervision and management; the second is to improve the setting of penalties, which should be introduced into the qualification penalty. The third is to increase the provisions of duty crimes of food safety regulators to fill the current legal loopholes and deficiencies. In recent years, although there has been a lot of research in the field of food safety regulation, most of them are discussed from the aspects of the Food Hygiene Law and the legal protection of food safety. From the angle of food safety crime prevention, there are few researches on food safety in China. Based on the concept of risk prevention, this paper changes from paying attention to actual harm to paying attention to danger. Through the construction and perfection of the food safety crime prevention mechanism, the outstanding problems in the field of food are solved and the competitiveness of the food industry is improved to make the food industry of our country move towards the road of sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D917.6

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