跨国商业贿赂犯罪的法律规制

发布时间：2018-07-26 17:56

【摘要】：随着世界经济一体化进程的深化,商业贿赂亦跨出国界,在全球范围内蔓延。跨国商业贿赂给经济全球化带来了巨大的负面影响,给世界各国的政治、经济以及社会稳定带来了严重的危害,已成为国际公害。毋庸置疑,跨国商业贿赂行为应当得到有效的预防和惩治。因此,加强对商业贿赂犯罪的研究,并在借鉴国外有关法律规制的基础上,尽快完善我国商业贿赂犯罪法律规制体系,对于建立良好的市场竞争秩序,优化投资环境,提高我国综合国力,推动市场经济的健康发展有着重要的理论意义和实践意义。笔者尝试在前人的研究基础上,借鉴各国立法经验,立足我国立法现状和面对的困难,运用刑法学有关知识,进行进一步的分析和研究,并提出相应的对策和建议。本文除引言之外,共分为三个部分。第一部分简要地阐述了跨国商业贿赂行为的概念,认为商业贿赂犯罪的特点主要有:目的的特定性、行为的涉外性、主体的复杂性、侵害客体的多重性。同时分析了跨国商业贿赂犯罪的严重危害。第二部分主要介绍了德国、新加坡、芬兰等在反跨国商业贿赂领域成效显著,清廉指数较高的国家有关商业贿赂犯罪的立法概况,以及较有影响力的国际组织反商业贿赂犯罪的成果和规定,以期通过对比研究,为我国建立健全的商业贿赂法律体系提供启示和借鉴。第三部分是本文的主体部分,本部分从分析我国现行法律体系中对商业贿赂规制的立法现状入手,研究和发现我国刑法在预防和打击跨国商业贿赂犯罪过程中存在的问题,并试图提出相应的建议。问题主要包括:作为对商业贿赂犯罪进行制裁的刑事法律规范,《刑法》中未确立跨国商业贿赂犯罪的独立地位,并且在该类犯罪的罪名、构成要件要素和刑罚设置上存在诸多问题,不利于同世界各国立法及国际公约相协调,给跨国商业贿赂犯罪的预防和打击带来诸多不便。基于以上问题,提出以下建议:在罪名体系方面,建议确立商业贿赂犯罪在刑法中独立的地位,增设“对外国公职人员或国际公共组织官员行贿罪”以及“外国公职人员、国际公共组织官员受贿罪”;在犯罪构成要件要素方面,扩大“贿赂”范围,取消“为他人谋取利益”这一要件,增加贿赂犯罪的行为方式,将刑法防线前置;在刑罚设置方面,完善包括财产刑、资格刑在内的刑罚体系,均衡行贿和受贿犯罪的刑罚设置,取消死刑。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the process of world economic integration, commercial bribery has crossed the border and spread all over the world. Transnational commercial bribery has brought great negative effects to economic globalization, and has brought serious harm to the political, economic and social stability of countries all over the world. It has become an international public hazard. There is no doubt that transnational commercial bribery should be effectively prevented and punished. Therefore, to strengthen the research on commercial bribery crime, and on the basis of drawing lessons from relevant foreign laws and regulations, to improve the legal regulation system of commercial bribery crime in China as soon as possible, to establish a good market competition order and to optimize the investment environment. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve China's comprehensive national strength and promote the healthy development of market economy. On the basis of the previous research, the author tries to use the relevant knowledge of criminal law for further analysis and research, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on the legislative experience of various countries, based on the current legislative situation and the difficulties faced by our country. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into three parts. The first part briefly expounds the concept of transnational commercial bribery, and points out that the characteristics of commercial bribery crime are: the specificity of the purpose, the foreign-related nature of the behavior, the complexity of the subject, and the multiplicity of the infringing object. At the same time, it analyzes the serious harm of transnational commercial bribery crime. The second part mainly introduces Germany, Singapore, Finland and other countries that have achieved remarkable results in the field of transnational commercial bribery. And more influential international organizations anti-commercial bribery of the results and provisions, in order to provide a sound legal system of commercial bribery in China through comparative study and provide inspiration and reference. The third part is the main part of this paper, this part from the analysis of the current legal system of our country in the regulation of commercial bribery legislation status quo, to study and find our criminal law in the process of preventing and combating transnational commercial bribery existing problems. And try to put forward the corresponding suggestions. The main problems include: as a criminal legal norm to sanction the crime of commercial bribery, the criminal law does not establish the independent status of the transnational commercial bribery crime, and in this kind of crime, There are many problems in the elements of constitution and penalty setting, which are not conducive to the coordination with the legislation and international conventions of other countries, and bring much inconvenience to the prevention and suppression of transnational commercial bribery. Based on the above problems, the following suggestions are put forward: in terms of the crime system, the establishment of the independent status of the commercial bribery crime in the criminal law, the addition of "bribery of foreign public officials or officials of public international organizations" and "foreign public officials", The crime of accepting bribes by officials of public international organizations ", in terms of the elements of the constitutive elements of crimes, to expand the scope of" bribery ", to cancel the element of" seeking benefits for others ", to increase the behavior mode of the crime of bribery, and to put the line of defense of criminal law in front; In the aspect of penalty setting, we should perfect the penalty system including property penalty and qualification penalty, balance the penalty of bribery and bribery, and abolish the death penalty.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D917;D924.3;D922.294

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