冷水江市未成年人犯罪的现状原因与对策

发布时间：2018-09-05 14:00

【摘要】：当前未成年人犯罪已成为一个非常严重的社会问题。作为基层人民法院的一名法官,笔者由于工作原因,经常接触未成年人犯罪案件,深感形势之严峻、责任之重大。本论文通过对笔者所任职的冷水江市人民法院近几年来审理的各类未成年人犯罪案件的调查、分析和研究,发现该市的未成年人犯罪正呈上升的态势,其中侵财型犯罪、暴力性犯罪和妨害社会管理秩序性犯罪构成了未成年人犯罪案件的主要类型。此外,共同犯罪案件相对较多、未成年被告人文化程度不高、无业人员和在校学生犯罪现象较突出、男性未成年被告人占据绝对多数等现象也非常突出。从中体现出该市未成年人犯罪呈低龄化、犯罪手段成人化、突发性及群体性犯罪较多的显著特点。同时,研究也发现导致冷水江市未成年人犯罪呈现以上诸多特征的原因主要包括:未成年人的心理特征、家庭教育的缺位、学校教育的不足,以及电脑网络对未成年人的不良影响等。此外,该市当前未成年人犯罪率的上升,还与该市下岗失业率增加、留守儿童增多、社会风气恶化、贫富差距拉大等原因息息相关。因此,本论文提出了家庭、学校、社会及司法部门应对未成年人犯罪的对策,并基于司法实践,针对该市未成年人犯罪现状和原因,从侦查、审查起诉阶段、审判阶段及刑罚执行阶段等不同角度着眼,提出了确保未成年犯罪嫌疑人的法定代理人的在场权、构建辩护律师的提前介入权、重新定位罚金刑、扩大缓刑的适用范围、加大减刑的幅度与年限、建立健全社区矫正机构等建议和设想,以期完善对未成年人的司法保护。
[Abstract]:At present, juvenile delinquency has become a very serious social problem. As a judge of the basic people's court, the author often comes into contact with juvenile delinquency cases because of the work reason, deeply feels the situation is grim, the responsibility is heavy. Based on the investigation, analysis and study of various juvenile delinquency cases tried by the people's Court of Lengshuijiang City in recent years, this paper finds that juvenile delinquency is on the rise in the city, among which the crime of invading money is on the rise. Violent crimes and crimes against social management order constitute the main types of juvenile delinquency cases. In addition, there are relatively many cases of joint crime, minor defendants have a low level of education, unemployed persons and school students commit crimes more prominent, male juvenile defendants occupy an absolute majority of the phenomenon is also very prominent. It shows that the juvenile delinquency in this city is of low age, the means of crime is adult, and there are more sudden and mass crimes. At the same time, the study also found that the reasons leading to the juvenile delinquency in Lengshuijiang City mainly include: the psychological characteristics of minors, the absence of family education, the shortage of school education, And computer network to minor's bad influence and so on. In addition, the rising crime rate of minors in the city is closely related to the increasing unemployment rate, the increase of left-behind children, the deterioration of social atmosphere and the widening gap between the rich and the poor. Therefore, this paper puts forward the countermeasures that families, schools, social and judicial departments should deal with juvenile delinquency, and based on judicial practice, aiming at the present situation and reasons of juvenile delinquency in this city, from the stage of investigation and prosecution, From different angles, such as trial stage and penalty execution stage, this paper puts forward to ensure the right of the legal representative of the juvenile criminal suspect to be present, to construct the defense lawyer's right to intervene in advance, to reposition the fine penalty, and to expand the scope of application of the suspended sentence. In order to perfect the judicial protection of minors, we should increase the range and the number of years of commutation, and establish and perfect the community correction institutions.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：C913.5

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