转型社会的秩序变动与犯罪变化

发布时间：2018-10-08 16:15

【摘要】： 当代中国正经历着深刻而重大的社会转型，其发展进程及效应对于中国社会的各个层面、各种事物来说已成为必然的宏大历史场景，对于转型社会的犯罪问题研究而言亦是如此。研究转型时期的犯罪问题既需要研究社会转型与犯罪的一般关系，更需要立足国情来研究其在我国的独特表现。在社会转型的进程中往往伴随着犯罪的严重增长，但是从社会的转型到犯罪的变化之间不是线性关系，而是存在着秩序变动的中介机制。通过秩序变动的中介作用，社会转型效应与犯罪变化形成了互动结构，达致普遍的社会转型与相对孤立的犯罪在逻辑与现实上的统一。秩序变动具有三个层面：经济秩序的市场化变动、交往秩序的陌生化变动、文化秩序的多元化变动。三种秩序变动层面互相制约、互相影响，其合力指向即是推进社会全面走向转型的维度。从根本上说，社会发展的动力在于社会生产力的进步，因此，经济秩序的运动在转型社会的秩序变动中最具有根本性、主动性、渊源性，交往秩序变动与文化秩序变动则是其逻辑与现实后果。关于转型社会的秩序变动与犯罪变化的关系，并不是简单的一对一的决定或被决定的关系，而是其内部结构各层面均对犯罪变化发生着影响，然后综合互动呈现出统一的面貌，社会秩序变动对犯罪变化的作用和影响也是有着自身的发展逻辑，并非是简单地遵循线性因果律。研究社会转型的犯罪问题，具有实证意义的切入点即是研究社会转型时期的犯罪变化，因为社会转型时期的犯罪变化全面而深刻地反映了该时期犯罪问题的一切重要特点，也充分折射出了转型时期的社会发展进程，从而也在一定程度上反映出了该时期社会矛盾的大致状况。把社会转型与犯罪变化结合起来研究，将能够更全面、更系统地研究我国当代社会的转型，也可以更有效地把握预防控制犯罪的总体思路。积极稳健的犯罪防控思路需要理性的犯罪观的基础指引，，需要建立在法治主义和保护人权原则基础上的，以刑法体系为核心，同时又结合民法、行政法等其他法律手段，强调打击与预防相结合，但更强调预防的(犯罪防控)体系。积极稳健的防控犯罪思路需要建立起与现代刑事政策观念相适应，与社会转型相适应的新的刑事政策体系，即以“打防结合、预防为主”的方针为指导，注重保障公民权利和保护社会秩序相结合的社会治安综合治理的刑事政策体系。在社会治安综合治理的刑事政策体系中，转变现存的“重打轻防”观念，扭转惩罚万能和重刑主义倾向，合理地设计与实施具体刑事政策和犯罪防控措施，理性地组织起对犯罪的反应。
[Abstract]:Contemporary China is undergoing a profound and significant social transformation, and its development process and effects have become an inevitable grand historical scene for all levels of Chinese society. The same is true of crime research in the transitional society. It is necessary to study the general relationship between social transformation and crime and to study its unique performance in China based on the national conditions. In the process of social transformation, crime is often accompanied by serious growth, but the change from social transformation to crime is not a linear relationship, but there is an intermediary mechanism for the change of order. Through the intermediary function of the order change, the social transformation effect and the crime change form the interactive structure, achieves the universal social transformation and the relatively isolated crime unifies in the logic and the reality. The change of order has three levels: the marketization of economic order, the defamiliarization of communication order, and the pluralistic change of cultural order. The three levels of order change restrict each other and influence each other, and the resultant direction is the dimension of promoting the transformation of society in an all-round way. Fundamentally speaking, the motive force of social development lies in the progress of social productive forces. Therefore, the movement of economic order is the most fundamental, initiative, and origin of the changes in the order of the transitional society. The change of communication order and cultural order is its logic and realistic consequence. As to the relationship between the change of order and the change of crime in the transitional society, it is not a simple one-to-one decision or a determined relationship, but its internal structure has an impact on the change of crime at all levels, and then the comprehensive interaction takes on a unified look. The effect and influence of the change of social order on the change of crime also has its own logic of development, not simply following the law of linear causality. To study the crime problem of social transition, the breakthrough point with positive significance is to study the crime change in the period of social transformation, because the crime change in the period of social transformation reflects all the important characteristics of the crime problem in that period. It also reflects the process of social development in the period of transition, and thus reflects the general situation of social contradictions in that period to a certain extent. By combining social transformation with crime change, we will be able to study the transformation of our contemporary society more comprehensively and systematically, and can also grasp the overall thinking of crime prevention and control more effectively. The positive and steady thinking of crime prevention and control needs the basic guidance of rational view of crime, which is based on the principle of rule of law and the principle of protecting human rights, with the criminal law system as the core, and other legal means such as civil law, administrative law, etc. Emphasis is placed on the combination of combat and prevention, but more on the system of prevention. The active and steady thinking of crime prevention and control needs to establish a new criminal policy system, which adapts to the concept of modern criminal policy and the transformation of society, that is, guided by the policy of "combination of attack and prevention, prevention first". Focus on the protection of civil rights and social order combined with the comprehensive management of public security criminal policy system. In the criminal policy system of comprehensive management of public security, we should change the existing concept of "attaching importance to attacking less than defending", reverse the tendency of punishment omnipotence and heavy punishment, and reasonably design and implement specific criminal policies and crime prevention and control measures. Organize a rational response to crime.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D917

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