道路交通事故流行病学及人体损伤机制研究
发布时间：2018-10-11 18:50
【摘要】：目的:研究道路交通事故死亡的流行病学特点和人体损伤机制;探讨道路交通事故与驾驶员血酒精含量关系及其法医学意义,为预防、控制道路交通事故和创伤急救提供重要依据。方法:对2004年昆明地区道路交通事故死亡366例法医病理检验鉴定资料及2005份道路交通事故肇事驾驶员血酒精检测鉴定资料进行系统分析性研究。结果:昆明地区2004年万车事故率高于全国和省内,10万人口死亡率、百公里死亡率、校正后的综合事故率高于云南省平均水平。本组死亡年龄分布呈偏态分布,25～54岁占死亡人数的58%。死亡事故的时间分布19～0时最高,占29.2%,其次是13～18时(23.2%)。挤压伤与砸压伤车内人员高于车外人员。机动车驾驶员面骨骨折高于行人2.3倍。货车与拖拉机造成开放型颅脑损伤是其他车辆的3-5倍,碾压伤是其他车辆的1-2倍。轿车肇事颅脑损伤比例高于其它车辆,颅骨、面骨骨折的比例低于其他肇事车辆。酒后驾车占肇事总量的34.3%,死亡占总数的11.1%。饮酒驾车以男性为主,女性饮酒驾车出现醉酒驾车的比例与男性无差别。市区驾驶员醉酒驾车高于郊区。酒后驾车肇事比例随着驾驶员血酒精含量增高而增大,出现死亡的比例也随之增加。建立了道路交通事故现场死亡与体表损伤和骨骼骨折的logistic回归方程,现场死亡相关的损伤依次为脊柱骨折、骨盆骨折、头颈部体表损伤等。结论:昆明地区道路交通事故发生率高于全国平均水平和省内其他地区;不同车辆导致损伤的特点有所不同,货车与拖拉机造成复合型损伤高于其他车辆,轿车造成颅脑损伤比例高于其他车辆,但颅骨、面骨骨折比例低于其他车辆;现场死亡与损伤的logistic回归方程中现场死亡与脊柱骨折相关性最大;昆明地区酒后驾车明显高于全国平均水平,女性饮酒驾车出现醉酒驾车的比例与男性无差别,市区驾驶员醉酒驾车高于郊区,酒后驾车肇事比例随着驾驶员血酒精含量增高而增大,出现死亡的比例也随之增加。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the epidemiological characteristics and human injury mechanism of road traffic accident death, to explore the relationship between road traffic accident and driver's blood alcohol content and its forensic significance. Control of road traffic accidents and trauma emergency to provide an important basis. Methods: the data of 366-cases of road traffic accident deaths in Kunming in 2004 and 2005 cases of blood alcohol detection and identification data of drivers involved in road traffic accidents were studied systematically and analytically. Results: the accident rate of ten thousand vehicles in Kunming in 2004 was higher than that in the whole country and province. The death rate of 100000 people and 100 kilometers was higher than the average level of Yunnan province. The age distribution of death was skewed, and the age of 25 ~ 54 years accounted for 58% of the total number of deaths. The time distribution of death accidents was the highest in 19 ~ 0 hours, accounting for 29.2cm, followed by 13 ~ 18:00 (23.2%). The crush injury and crushing injury were higher in the vehicle than outside the vehicle. The facial bone fracture of motor vehicle driver was 2.3 times higher than that of pedestrian. The open craniocerebral injury caused by trucks and tractors was 3-5 times of that of other vehicles and 1-2 times of that of other vehicles. The proportion of craniocerebral injury caused by car was higher than that of other vehicles, and the fracture rate of skull and facial bone was lower than that of other vehicle. Drunk driving accounted for 34.3% of the total number of accidents and death accounted for 11.1% of the total number of accidents. The proportion of drunk driving in women was not different from that in men. Urban drivers drive more drunk than in suburbs. The proportion of drunken driving accidents increased with the increase of alcohol content in driver's blood, and the death rate also increased. The logistic regression equation of road traffic accident site death and body surface injury and bone fracture was established. The related injuries were spinal fracture, pelvic fracture, head and neck surface injury and so on. Conclusion: the incidence of road traffic accidents in Kunming is higher than the national average and other areas in the province, the characteristics of injuries caused by different vehicles are different, the compound injuries caused by trucks and tractors are higher than those of other vehicles. The proportion of craniocerebral injury caused by sedan was higher than that of other vehicles, but the ratio of skull and facial fracture was lower than that of other vehicles. The logistic regression equation of field death and injury had the highest correlation with spinal fracture. Drunk driving in Kunming is obviously higher than the national average. The proportion of drunk driving in women is no different from that in men, and the proportion of drunk driving in urban areas is higher than that in suburban areas. The proportion of drunken driving accidents increased with the increase of alcohol content in driver's blood, and the death rate also increased.
【学位授予单位】：昆明医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D919
本文编号：2264876
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the epidemiological characteristics and human injury mechanism of road traffic accident death, to explore the relationship between road traffic accident and driver's blood alcohol content and its forensic significance. Control of road traffic accidents and trauma emergency to provide an important basis. Methods: the data of 366-cases of road traffic accident deaths in Kunming in 2004 and 2005 cases of blood alcohol detection and identification data of drivers involved in road traffic accidents were studied systematically and analytically. Results: the accident rate of ten thousand vehicles in Kunming in 2004 was higher than that in the whole country and province. The death rate of 100000 people and 100 kilometers was higher than the average level of Yunnan province. The age distribution of death was skewed, and the age of 25 ~ 54 years accounted for 58% of the total number of deaths. The time distribution of death accidents was the highest in 19 ~ 0 hours, accounting for 29.2cm, followed by 13 ~ 18:00 (23.2%). The crush injury and crushing injury were higher in the vehicle than outside the vehicle. The facial bone fracture of motor vehicle driver was 2.3 times higher than that of pedestrian. The open craniocerebral injury caused by trucks and tractors was 3-5 times of that of other vehicles and 1-2 times of that of other vehicles. The proportion of craniocerebral injury caused by car was higher than that of other vehicles, and the fracture rate of skull and facial bone was lower than that of other vehicle. Drunk driving accounted for 34.3% of the total number of accidents and death accounted for 11.1% of the total number of accidents. The proportion of drunk driving in women was not different from that in men. Urban drivers drive more drunk than in suburbs. The proportion of drunken driving accidents increased with the increase of alcohol content in driver's blood, and the death rate also increased. The logistic regression equation of road traffic accident site death and body surface injury and bone fracture was established. The related injuries were spinal fracture, pelvic fracture, head and neck surface injury and so on. Conclusion: the incidence of road traffic accidents in Kunming is higher than the national average and other areas in the province, the characteristics of injuries caused by different vehicles are different, the compound injuries caused by trucks and tractors are higher than those of other vehicles. The proportion of craniocerebral injury caused by sedan was higher than that of other vehicles, but the ratio of skull and facial fracture was lower than that of other vehicles. The logistic regression equation of field death and injury had the highest correlation with spinal fracture. Drunk driving in Kunming is obviously higher than the national average. The proportion of drunk driving in women is no different from that in men, and the proportion of drunk driving in urban areas is higher than that in suburban areas. The proportion of drunken driving accidents increased with the increase of alcohol content in driver's blood, and the death rate also increased.
【学位授予单位】：昆明医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D919
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 刘思思;关于我国酒后驾驶入罪的思考[D];中国政法大学;2010年
2 黄开勇;桂林市道路交通伤害的流行病学研究及GIS空间分析[D];广西医科大学;2012年
，本文编号：2264876
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