论盗窃犯罪情景预防
发布时间：2018-10-17 20:34
【摘要】：和平时期,对社会破坏最大的是犯罪,而在具体的犯罪类型中,以窃取他人财物为目的的盗窃犯罪占据着相当大的比重。据统计,我国盗窃犯罪占到全部刑事犯罪的百分之七十左右。盗窃犯罪给社会的稳定、经济的发展、人们生活的安定等都带来了严重的影响。所以,对盗窃犯罪必须采取有效的措施,以减轻对人民和对社会造成的危害。针对盗窃犯罪,我国采取了司法预防、社会预防等犯罪预防措施,一定程度上遏制了盗窃犯罪。但随着社会的发展、人们生活领域的不断扩大,盗窃犯罪不论是在数量上还是在类型上都发生了巨大变化,其绝对数量继续增长、手段也更趋于技术化、更具隐蔽性,愈加难以防控。在重新审视当前盗窃犯罪的预防措施后,发现司法预防、社会预防等传统的犯罪预防措施在盗窃犯罪的预防上存在粗疏性之不足,需要探寻其它预防手段来改变传统单一的犯罪预防模式。 面对日益严峻的盗窃犯罪形势,西方各国采取了不同的防控策略,逐步由传统单一的司法预防模式转向了司法预防、社会预防和情景预防相结合的三元预防模式。将上世纪六、七十年代兴起的情景预防模式广泛运用到盗窃犯罪的预防上,从只关注对犯罪人的惩罚发展到关注犯罪人与关注犯罪发生情景相结合的犯罪预防模式。目前,我国采取的社会治安综合治理也包含有情景预防的一些因素,但是,相对于以理性选择理论、常规行为理论、环境犯罪学理论为理论基础的情景预防,社会治安综合治理在盗窃犯罪的预防上具有体系性差、针对性弱等不足,而情景预防在盗窃犯罪的预防上更具针对性、经济性和效率性等显著特点和优势,是其它预防措施所不能比拟的。情景预防为我国开展盗窃犯罪的预防提供了新的思路。 盗窃犯罪情景预防是在对盗窃犯罪发生的具体情景进行分析的基础上,主动对易引发盗窃犯罪的主体要素、目标要素和时空要素等情景要素进行改造,以提高盗窃犯罪实施难度、增大盗窃犯罪被抓风险和减少盗窃犯罪预期收益等来影响潜在的盗窃分子,防止其产生犯罪意念,进而实现预防盗窃犯罪发生的效果。情景预防主要是从微观层面实现对盗窃犯罪的控制,改变了传统犯罪预防只从犯罪原因一个维度提出犯罪预防措施的现状,使盗窃犯罪防治体系更为完善。
[Abstract]:In peacetime, crime is the most damaging to the society, but in the specific types of crimes, the crime of theft for the purpose of stealing other people's property occupies a considerable proportion. According to statistics, the crime of theft in China accounts for about 70% of all criminal offences. The crime of theft has brought serious influence to social stability, economic development and people's life. Therefore, the crime of theft must take effective measures to reduce the harm to the people and society. In view of the crime of theft, our country has taken some preventive measures, such as judicial prevention, social prevention and so on, which to some extent contain the crime of theft. However, with the development of society and the expansion of people's life field, the crime of theft has changed greatly in both quantity and type, its absolute number continues to increase, and the means tend to be more technicalization and concealment. It is increasingly difficult to prevent and control. After re-examining the current preventive measures for theft, it is found that the traditional preventive measures, such as judicial prevention and social prevention, are inadequate in the prevention of theft. Other preventive measures need to be explored to change the traditional single crime prevention model. Facing the increasingly serious crime situation of theft, the western countries have adopted different prevention and control strategies, and gradually changed from the traditional single judicial prevention mode to the ternary prevention mode of judicial prevention, social prevention and situational prevention. The situational prevention model which rose in the sixties and seventies of last century is widely applied to the prevention of theft crime, from paying attention to the punishment of the criminal to the crime prevention model combining the concern of the offender and the scene of the crime. At present, the comprehensive management of social security in our country also contains some factors of situational prevention. However, compared with situational prevention based on rational choice theory, conventional behavior theory and environmental criminology theory, Comprehensive management of public security has some shortcomings in the prevention of theft crimes, such as poor system and weak pertinence, while situational prevention is more targeted, economic and efficient, and so on. Is not comparable to other preventive measures. Situational prevention provides a new way of thinking for the prevention of theft in our country. The crime scenario prevention of theft is based on the analysis of the specific situation of the theft crime, and the active transformation of the main elements, the target elements and the space-time elements of the theft crime, etc. In order to improve the difficulty of the crime of theft, increase the risk of being caught in the crime of theft and reduce the expected proceeds of the crime of theft and so on, it can affect the potential thieves, prevent them from producing the criminal idea, and then realize the effect of preventing the crime of theft. Situational prevention mainly realizes the control of theft crime from the micro level, which changes the present situation that traditional crime prevention only puts forward crime prevention measures from one dimension of crime reason, and makes the crime prevention and control system of theft more perfect.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D917.6
本文编号：2277886
[Abstract]:In peacetime, crime is the most damaging to the society, but in the specific types of crimes, the crime of theft for the purpose of stealing other people's property occupies a considerable proportion. According to statistics, the crime of theft in China accounts for about 70% of all criminal offences. The crime of theft has brought serious influence to social stability, economic development and people's life. Therefore, the crime of theft must take effective measures to reduce the harm to the people and society. In view of the crime of theft, our country has taken some preventive measures, such as judicial prevention, social prevention and so on, which to some extent contain the crime of theft. However, with the development of society and the expansion of people's life field, the crime of theft has changed greatly in both quantity and type, its absolute number continues to increase, and the means tend to be more technicalization and concealment. It is increasingly difficult to prevent and control. After re-examining the current preventive measures for theft, it is found that the traditional preventive measures, such as judicial prevention and social prevention, are inadequate in the prevention of theft. Other preventive measures need to be explored to change the traditional single crime prevention model. Facing the increasingly serious crime situation of theft, the western countries have adopted different prevention and control strategies, and gradually changed from the traditional single judicial prevention mode to the ternary prevention mode of judicial prevention, social prevention and situational prevention. The situational prevention model which rose in the sixties and seventies of last century is widely applied to the prevention of theft crime, from paying attention to the punishment of the criminal to the crime prevention model combining the concern of the offender and the scene of the crime. At present, the comprehensive management of social security in our country also contains some factors of situational prevention. However, compared with situational prevention based on rational choice theory, conventional behavior theory and environmental criminology theory, Comprehensive management of public security has some shortcomings in the prevention of theft crimes, such as poor system and weak pertinence, while situational prevention is more targeted, economic and efficient, and so on. Is not comparable to other preventive measures. Situational prevention provides a new way of thinking for the prevention of theft in our country. The crime scenario prevention of theft is based on the analysis of the specific situation of the theft crime, and the active transformation of the main elements, the target elements and the space-time elements of the theft crime, etc. In order to improve the difficulty of the crime of theft, increase the risk of being caught in the crime of theft and reduce the expected proceeds of the crime of theft and so on, it can affect the potential thieves, prevent them from producing the criminal idea, and then realize the effect of preventing the crime of theft. Situational prevention mainly realizes the control of theft crime from the micro level, which changes the present situation that traditional crime prevention only puts forward crime prevention measures from one dimension of crime reason, and makes the crime prevention and control system of theft more perfect.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D917.6
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王海涛;试论对犯罪的情境预防——犯罪控制的第三条道路[D];北京大学;2005年
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