获取最大经济利益：犯罪组织黑社会化的根本原因

发布时间：2018-11-16 09:45

【摘要】： 黑社会组织是指由众多成员组成，有严密的组织性和组织亚文化，使用暴力、威胁或以暴力、威胁为后盾，控制一定的社会区域或行业，向权力部门渗透并建立了保护伞，以牟取经济利益为最终目的的半隐蔽的社会群体。凭借权力庇护和组织暴力在一定社会区域或行业牟取经济利益是黑社会组织的本质特征。犯罪组织黑社会化，是指一般的犯罪组织为了牟取更大的经济利益，采取贿赂政府官员、使用暴力、垄断犯罪资源和犯罪市场、严厉管理等手段和措施，逐渐形成经济目的性、成员众多性、组织严密性、暴力性、垄断性、半隐蔽性、有自己的亚文化和保护伞等特性，从而演变成黑社会组织的过程。包括组织结构社会化、犯罪活动社会化和组织安全社会化。对黑社会（性质）组织形成原因，我国学者提出了综合原因论和各种具体原因论，国外学者提出了理性选择论、暴力帮伙论、社会控制论等理论，但对犯罪组织黑社会化的根本原因都未能做出科学、系统的阐述。个体组建或参与犯罪组织是为了获取更大的经济利益和满足其它的心理需求，这是犯罪组织黑社会化的元动力；犯罪组织要生存和发展，要满足组织成员的经济需求和其它心理需求，必须牟取最大的经济利益，这是犯罪组织黑社会化的组织动力。可见，获取最大经济利益，是推动犯罪组织黑社会化的根本原因。
[Abstract]:The triad organization refers to a large number of members, with a strict organization and organizational subculture, the use of violence, threats or violence, threats as the backing, control of certain social areas or industries, infiltrated into the power and established an umbrella. A semi-covert social group whose ultimate aim is to gain economic benefits. It is the essential characteristic of the underworld organization to seek economic benefits in a certain social area or profession by taking refuge of power and organization violence. Gangsterization of criminal organizations means that in order to obtain greater economic benefits, ordinary criminal organizations take means and measures such as bribery of government officials, use of violence, monopoly of criminal resources and criminal markets, strict management, etc., and gradually form an economic purpose. Many members, organization tightness, violence, monopoly, semi-concealment, have their own characteristics of subculture and umbrella, so as to evolve into the process of triad organization. This includes socialization of organizational structure, socialization of criminal activities and socialization of organizational safety. In regard to the formation of underworld organizations, Chinese scholars have put forward comprehensive cause theory and various specific cause theories, and foreign scholars have put forward theories such as rational choice theory, violent help theory, social cybernetics and so on. However, the root causes of the criminal organization underworld have not been scientifically and systematically expounded. Individuals form or participate in criminal organizations in order to obtain greater economic benefits and meet other psychological needs, which is the meta-motive force of criminal organizations. In order to survive and develop, to meet the economic and other psychological needs of the members of the organization, the criminal organization must obtain the greatest economic benefits, which is the organizational motive force for the criminal organization to turn into a triad society. Visible, obtain the biggest economic benefit, it is the root cause that promotes criminal organization underworld turn.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D917

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