文件物质成分的检验及其结论的证据价值探讨

发布时间：2019-01-08 19:31

【摘要】： 本文除前言和结论之外，正文共分四章。第一章介绍仪器分析方法。可疑文件多是通过对文件物质成分的检验来加以识别，对文件物质成分进行检验需要运用仪器分析的方法。文件检验技术中的仪器分析方法主要包括三个部分：一是光学检验方法，按照波长范围划分为紫外区检验、可见区检验和红外区检验，分别加以介绍；二是光谱技术方法，传统的光谱分析方法很多，主要介绍了三种常用的方法：紫外－可见分光光度法、红外光谱法和拉曼光谱法；三是色谱技术方法，主要用于分离、识别混合物的成分，介绍了其中的薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法。第二章对笔者进行的实验及其结果进行了说明。以42种不同型号的各类圆珠笔、签字笔为实验样品，选取了LCW型文件检验仪和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪两种红外技术方法对样品进行检验，对实验现象进行分析、推理后得出初步实验结果，并对两种实验结果进行了简单的对比分析。第三章对检验中使用的仪器分析方法进行了比较分析。首先对仪器分析方法各自的性能适用特点分别进行了较为详细的描述，对影响检验结论的诸多可能情况进行了一定程度的分析；然后对它们进行对比分析，得出：各种仪器分析方法各有所长，一种检验方法并不能解决文件物质成分检验中存在的所有问题，针对不同的情况应采取不同的检验方法，不同的检验方法对检验结论会产生不同的影响。第四章对运用仪器分析方法进行文件物质成分检验的检验结论的证据价值进行探讨，是本文着墨最多的一章。首先对检验结论的证据效力进行了分析，，从证据能力和证明力两方面加以说明；其次对检验结论的法定证据形式的归属进行探讨，提出在一定的条件下可以将检验结论计入勘验笔录，同时探讨了仪器分析方法的运用对鉴定对象产生的影响；最后论述了文件检验结论在法庭质证、认证中应该注意的问题，确保有问题的或不可靠的检验结论不被法庭采纳和采信，以期作出正确的裁决。
[Abstract]:In addition to the preface and conclusions, the text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the method of instrument analysis. The suspicious documents are mostly identified by the examination of the material composition of the document, and the method of instrument analysis is used to test the material composition of the document. The instrument analysis method in the document inspection technology mainly includes three parts: one is the optical inspection method, which is divided into ultraviolet region test, visible area test and infrared region test according to the wavelength range, respectively. Secondly, there are many traditional methods of spectral analysis, mainly introduced three common methods: UV-visible spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy; The third is chromatographic technique, which is mainly used to separate and identify the components of the mixture. The thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are introduced. In the second chapter, the author's experiments and their results are explained. With 42 kinds of different types of ballpoint pens and signature pens as experimental samples, two infrared techniques, LCW file tester and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, were selected to test the samples, and the experimental phenomena were analyzed. After reasoning, the preliminary experimental results are obtained, and the two experimental results are compared and analyzed. In the third chapter, the instrument analysis methods used in inspection are compared and analyzed. Firstly, the characteristics of the performance of the instrument analysis method are described in detail, and a number of possible conditions affecting the test conclusion are analyzed to a certain extent. Then, by comparing and analyzing them, it is concluded that each instrument analysis method has its own strong points, one kind of inspection method can not solve all the problems existing in the examination of document material composition, and different inspection methods should be adopted according to different conditions. Different testing methods have different effects on the test results. The fourth chapter discusses the evidential value of the test conclusion of document material composition by means of instrument analysis, which is the most important chapter in this paper. Firstly, the paper analyzes the evidence effect of the test conclusion, and explains it from two aspects: the evidence ability and the proof power. Secondly, it discusses the ownership of the legal evidence form of the inspection conclusion, and puts forward that under certain conditions the test conclusion can be counted into the examination record, and at the same time, it discusses the influence of the instrument analysis method on the appraisal object. Finally, the paper discusses the problems that should be paid attention to in the court cross-examination and authentication of the document inspection conclusion, to ensure that the questionable or unreliable conclusion is not adopted and accepted by the court in order to make the correct decision.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D918.92

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