应用数字X线摄影测量上肢长骨推算身高

发布时间：2019-06-26 18:59

【摘要】：【研究背景及目的】应用长骨推算身高是法医学临案实践中个人识别常用的方法之一，也一直是法医学家和人类学家研究的热点之一。随着人类营养状况与生活环境的改善，人类身高已发生了很大的变化，仍沿用过去的推算身高的方程已经远远不能满足目前法医学鉴定实践的需要，因此有必要对长骨推算身高进行修正或建立新的适合当代人群的身高推算方程。但是要建立准确推算身高的方程，必须有符合研究条件的大样本。而以往的研究样本多为尸骨，常来自于多年收集积累或大规模战争、灾难，这样的样本获取很难，此外，即便获取了这样的样本，，也很难保证其具有准确的生前身高记录，因此要获取准确身高的唯一方法就是直接测量活体，而现代放射学与法医学的结合使得测量活体骨骼参数成为可能。本研究采用低剂量数字X线(low-does digital radiographic device，LDRD)对活体上肢长骨进行测量，并规范测量身高，以期建立符合当代四川汉族人群的长骨推算身高的回归方程，为法医学实践提供理论依据。【方法】对364例四川汉族正常人进行身高测量以及上肢的数字X线检查，选取上肢各长骨不同标志点，测量标志点之间的长度，用SPSS统计软件对各测量值与身高进行相关回归分析，并对各回归方程进行检验和评估。
[Abstract]:[background and objective] using long bone to calculate height is one of the commonly used methods of personal identification in forensic practice, and it has always been one of the hotspots of forensic and anthropologic research. With the improvement of human nutritional status and living environment, great changes have taken place in human height, and the equation of calculating height in the past is far from meeting the needs of the current forensic identification practice. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the height calculated by long bone or establish a new height calculation equation suitable for the contemporary population. However, in order to establish an accurate equation for calculating height, there must be large samples that meet the research conditions. However, most of the previous research samples are bones, often from many years of collection and accumulation or large-scale war, disaster, such samples are difficult to obtain, in addition, it is difficult to obtain such samples, it is difficult to ensure that they have accurate height records, so the only way to obtain accurate height is to measure living bodies directly, and the combination of modern radiology and forensic science makes it possible to measure living bone parameters. In this study, low dose digital X-ray (low-does digital radiographic device,LDRD) was used to measure the long bone of upper limb in vivo, and to standardize the measurement of height, in order to establish a regression equation for calculating the height of long bone in accordance with the contemporary Sichuan Han population, and to provide a theoretical basis for forensic practice. [methods] height measurement and digital X-ray examination of upper limbs were carried out in 364cases of Sichuan Han nationality. Different markers of each long bone were selected and the length between the markers was measured. The correlation regression analysis between the measured values and height was carried out by SPSS statistical software, and the regression equations were tested and evaluated.
【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D919

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