陕西省农村留守老人心理状况研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 00:07

本文关键词：陕西省农村留守老人心理状况研究　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化和工业化进程的加快,为了获得更好的经济收入,剩余的农村青壮年劳动力大量地向城市迁移,但受到各种主客观因素(如经济压力和文化差异等)的制约,他们不得不将年迈的父母留在家中,这样便出现了农村留守老人群体。由于进入晚年,老人的身体机能衰退,生活自理能力减弱,而且在发展落后的农村地区,社会保障制度不够完善,因此,农村留守老人面临着很大的生活困境(如经济供养不足,生活照料缺失和情感慰藉缺乏等)。近年来,随着农村青壮年人口流动的加速发展,农村留守老人正日益成为一个庞大的社会弱势群体,而且成为了社会关注和学者研究的一个热点对象。已有的研究更多的是对农村留守老人物质和精神生活的研究,而对其心理状况的研究相对不足。本研究从心理健康的视角出发,对陕西省农村留守老人的心理状况做进行了尽可能全面的客观的实证研究。在本研究中,笔者以社会公平正义理论、社会支持理论、马斯洛需要层次理论和马克思主义的终极关怀理论等为理论基础。本研究采用了文献分析法、问卷调查法和访谈法,用SPSS13.0数据处理软件对调查数据进行了科学的统计和分析,为整个研究提供了重要的数据资料。通过心理状况比较分析发现,我省农村留守老人的孤独感、失落感、焦虑感、心理压力、情感慰藉、生活满意度和主观幸福感等心理状况在地区、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、健康状况、子女数量和居住方式7个维度上均存在不同程度的差异表现。通过心理状况与影响因素的相关分析和回归分析发现,人口流动、社会交往、物质生活水平、家庭支持、健康状况、婚姻状况、文化水平、生活心态等8个影响因素均与我省农村留守老人心理状况呈现显著相关性,而且各个影响因素对农村留守老人的心理状况各个维度都有显著的预测作用。因此要改善农村留守老人的心理状况,需要政府、社会、农村基层和老人群体的携手努力。本研究旨在提升农村留守老人的生活质量,促进社会的和谐稳定发展。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, in order to obtain better economic income, the remaining rural youth labor force migrated to the city in large numbers. However, restricted by various subjective and objective factors (such as economic pressure and cultural differences), they have to leave their elderly parents at home, so that there will be a group of the elderly left behind in rural areas. The physical functions of the elderly are declining, the ability to take care of themselves is weakened, and the social security system is not perfect in the rural areas where the development is backward. The rural left-behind elderly people are faced with great living difficulties (such as insufficient economic support, lack of life care and lack of emotional comfort, etc.) in recent years, with the rapid development of rural youth population mobility. The elderly left behind in rural areas are increasingly becoming a huge social vulnerable group. And has become a hot topic of social concern and scholars. The existing research is more on the material and spiritual life of the elderly left behind in rural areas. From the perspective of mental health, this study makes as comprehensive an objective and empirical study as possible on the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly in Shaanxi Province. Based on the theory of social equity and justice, social support theory, Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and Marxist ultimate care theory, this study adopts the method of literature analysis, questionnaire survey and interview. SPSS13.0 data processing software was used to carry out scientific statistics and analysis of the survey data, which provided important data for the whole study. The loneliness, loss, anxiety, psychological pressure, emotional comfort, life satisfaction and subjective well-being of the elderly left behind in rural areas in the region, sex, age, marital status, health status. Through the correlation analysis and regression analysis of psychological status and influencing factors, we found that population mobility, social interaction, material living standard. Family support, health status, marital status, education level, life mentality and other eight factors were significantly related to the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly in our province. And each influencing factor has significant predictive effect on the psychological condition of the rural left-behind elderly people. Therefore, to improve the psychological status of the rural left-behind elderly people, the government and society are needed. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of life of the elderly left behind in rural areas and to promote the harmonious and stable development of the society.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D422.6;D669.6

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