两岸经贸互动的政治效应

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:26

本文关键词： 两岸经贸关系经贸互动政治效应政治认同　出处：《河南师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着两岸交流的日益密切,两岸经贸交流的政治效应成为一个重要的研究课题。两岸经贸交流经历了一个从无到有、规模与层次同步扩展的过程。在此过程中,中国大陆坚持贯彻“寄希望于台湾人民”的方针,持续推动两岸经贸交流的深化,夯实“反独促统”的物质基础,以期逐步改变台湾民众的政治认同,构筑两岸和平统一的心理基础,推进两岸关系和平发展,进而促进两岸和平统一。对于台湾地区而言,更关注两岸经贸交流的经济效应,执政当局与各政党都希望藉由两岸经贸关系的深化来带动岛内经济发展,另一方面从台湾地区整体而言,他们希望通过加强与大陆的经贸交流以避免在国际社会中的“边缘化”。两岸经贸交流的发展始终影响着台湾政府的政策制定与变迁。从蒋经国执政后期开放大陆探亲以来,两岸经贸交流持续冲击着台湾当局较为封闭保守的大陆政策,推动其逐步走向积极开放。随着两岸经贸交流的扩大与深化,台湾民众对大陆政治认知更加友善,但对两岸经贸交流态度冷淡。而且并没有改变台湾民众的统独认同和国族认同。这表明两岸经贸交流在一定条件下促进了两岸关系和平发展的深入,但是结构性政治冲突并没有从根本上得到解决,从短期效果来看,中国大陆政府的“让利”并没有带来预期的台湾民众政治认同的改变。造成这种现象的主要原因在于:一、以“理性自利”的视角来看,两岸经贸交流虽然从整体上给台湾经济发展带来了正面影响,但并未给普通民众带来更多的经济效益,经济发展并没有带来台湾社会内部公平正义问题的改善,台湾民众对两岸经贸交流存在疑虑心态;二、以“感性认同”来看,两岸长期的政治对立、台湾社会对所谓“国家安全”与“台湾主体性”流失的疑虑、民进党执政时期的“去中国化”以及岛内“台独”势力的负面宣传,都使得台湾社会对于大陆政府仍怀有强烈的不信任感。两岸应该立足于长远考虑,面向未来,持续推动两岸经贸关系的深化,进一步改善相关政策与措施,需要注意两岸经贸交流的意见反馈,拓宽两岸关系的信息传递机制,促进民间经贸交流使台湾普通民众能够受益。大陆方面的适度让利或可改善台湾民众对陆认知,减少“中国大陆威胁论”的支持者。
[Abstract]:As cross-strait exchanges become closer and closer, the political effects of cross-strait economic and trade exchanges have become an important research topic. Cross-strait economic and trade exchanges have undergone a process of expanding from scratch, scale and level. In this process, The Chinese mainland adheres to the policy of "placing its hopes on the people of Taiwan," continuously promoting the deepening of cross-strait economic and trade exchanges, and consolidating the material basis for "opposing independence and promoting reunification," with a view to gradually changing the political identity of the Taiwan people. To build the psychological basis for the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait, to promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, and thus to promote peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait. For the Taiwan region, more attention is paid to the economic effects of cross-strait economic and trade exchanges. Both the ruling authorities and political parties hope to promote the economic development of the island by deepening cross-strait economic and trade ties. On the other hand, from the perspective of the Taiwan region as a whole, They hope to avoid "marginalization" in the international community by strengthening economic and trade exchanges with the mainland. The development of cross-strait economic and trade exchanges has always affected the policy formulation and changes of the Taiwan government. Economic and trade exchanges between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait continue to impact on the relatively closed and conservative mainland policy of the Taiwan authorities, pushing them to move towards a positive opening up step by step. With the expansion and deepening of cross-strait economic and trade exchanges, the people of Taiwan have become more friendly to the mainland's political understanding. However, the attitude towards cross-strait economic and trade exchanges is cold. Moreover, it has not changed the Taiwan people's identity on reunification or independence and national identity. This shows that cross-strait economic and trade exchanges have promoted the peaceful development of cross-strait relations under certain conditions. However, the structural political conflict has not been fundamentally resolved. In the short run, the "concession" of the Chinese government has not brought about the expected change in the political identity of the Taiwan people. The main reasons for this phenomenon are as follows:. From the perspective of "rational self-interest", although cross-strait economic and trade exchanges have had a positive impact on Taiwan's economic development as a whole, they have not brought more economic benefits to the ordinary people. Economic development has not brought about an improvement in the issue of fairness and justice within Taiwan society. The Taiwan people have doubts about cross-strait economic and trade exchanges. Second, in the view of "perceptual identity," the two sides of the strait have long been politically opposed. Taiwan society's misgivings about the loss of so-called "national security" and "Taiwan's subjectivity", the "de-Sinicization" of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) in power and the negative propaganda of "Taiwan independence" forces on the island. Both sides of the strait should base themselves on long-term considerations, face the future, continue to promote the deepening of cross-strait economic and trade relations, and further improve relevant policies and measures. We need to pay attention to the feedback of cross-strait economic and trade exchanges, broaden the mechanism of information transmission in cross-strait relations, and promote people-to-people economic and trade exchanges so that ordinary people in Taiwan can benefit. Reduce the number of supporters of the "mainland China threat" theory.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F727;D618

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