清代社会养老制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 14:16

本文选题：社会养老　切入点：清代　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：养老作为一个社会问题和制度自古就已经存在。中国古代的养老以家庭养老为基础、以社会养老为补充,在国家与民间的互动与配合中共同履行养老义务。纵观中国古代史,清代是中国古代社会养老体系最为完善也是发展最为成熟的时期,其养老制度对于当今养老问题的解决也颇具借鉴意义。清代的社会养老制度包括政府主导的社会养老制度,即养济院养老,以及民间互助型社会养老制度,即善会善堂养老及义庄养老。本文通过介绍清代的社会养老制度,落脚于社会养老中国家与民间的互动,展现了清代社会养老的全貌。本文分为以下六个部分:引言:介绍了本文的研究意义与研究现状。第一章:概述部分。梳理了中国古代社会养老制度的发展脉络,明确了清代社会养老制度的内容与特征,并分析了清代社会养老制度的地位。清代养老虽仍以传统的家庭养老为基础,但社会养老已凸显出其重要性。第二章:对第一类社会养老制度—一政府主导的社会养老制度进行介绍,以养济院作为政府养老的代表机构,从养老对象、救济内容、运行机制、经营问题及对策、配套设施等方面展现了其全貌。第三章:对第二类社会养老制度——民间互助型社会养老制度进行介绍,该模式下同样包括了两种典型方式:善会善堂养老以及义庄养老。分别介绍了两者的养老对象、救济内容、组织管理模式、财政来源以及政府监督方式与保护措施。第四章:政府主导的社会养老与民间互助型社会养老的互动。自治权与公权力虽有一定的冲突,但两者在道德教化与维护社会稳定上有共同的目标,故不可避免地也有相互影响与渗透的部分。在民间互助型养老逐渐纳入国家因素的同时,政府对民间的依赖也越来越强,两者在持续的良性互动中寻找平衡。第五章:对本文内容进行总结,并对当今社会养老问题的解决得到以下启示:社会养老应重视国家作用的发挥,同时也应重视民间因素。国家与民间的界限并非不可逾越,反而需在双方的相互支持中实现社会问题的解决。
[Abstract]:Pension, as a social problem and system, has existed since ancient times. In ancient China, the old-age support was based on the family pension, supplemented by the social old-age support, and performed the obligation of providing for the aged in the interaction and cooperation between the state and the people. Throughout the ancient history of China, The Qing Dynasty was the most perfect and the most mature period for the development of the ancient Chinese social pension system, and its pension system was also of great significance for the solution of the problem of the aged today. The social pension system of the Qing Dynasty included the government-led social pension system. This article introduces the social pension system of Qing Dynasty, which is based on the interaction between the state and the people. This article is divided into the following six parts: introduction: introduces the significance and research status of this paper. Chapter 1: the overview part. Combing the development of the ancient Chinese social pension system, This paper clarifies the contents and characteristics of the social old-age care system in Qing Dynasty, and analyzes the status of the social old-age system in the Qing Dynasty, which is still based on the traditional family pension system. However, the importance of social pension has been highlighted. Chapter two: the introduction of the first type of social pension system-a government-led social pension system, taking the Yangji Hospital as the representative organization of the government for the aged, from the object of the aged, the content of relief, Operation mechanism, management problems and countermeasures, supporting facilities and other aspects show its overall view. Chapter three: the second kind of social pension system-the folk mutual social pension system is introduced. This model also includes two kinds of typical ways: the good Society for the aged and the Yizhuang for the aged. The article introduces the pension object, the relief content, the organization and management mode, respectively. Chapter 4th: the interaction between the Government-led Social Pension and the Mutual Assistance Society. Although there is a certain conflict between the autonomy and the public power, But they have the same goal in moral education and maintaining social stability, so they inevitably also have mutual influence and permeation. While the folk mutual support pension is gradually brought into the national factor, the government relies more and more on the folk. Chapter 5th: summing up the content of this paper, and the solution of the problem of pension in today's society get the following enlightenment: the social pension should pay attention to the role of the state, At the same time, we should pay attention to the folk factors. The boundary between the state and the folk is not insurmountable, on the contrary, it is necessary to solve the social problems in the mutual support of both sides.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D691.9

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