再识“新村运动”:跨越农村现代化关键阶段的韩国案例

发布时间：2018-03-19 16:57

本文选题：新村运动　切入点：政治支持　出处：《南京社会科学》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：韩国新村运动是发生在20世纪70年代、以实现农村现代化的运动。作为韩国历史上重要的农村发展项目,引起了研究者从各个不同层面进行效用发掘和价值解答。不过,现有研究对于新村运动的核心价值仍欠缺深度的考察。本文将逐一从新村运动对政权巩固的得失、对改善地方治理的贡献、对缩小发展的非均衡性以及对农民的改造等四个方面全面检视新村运动的成功与不足,认为新村运动主要是打造了一种共享型的发展,即由国家与社会共享发展的成果并承担农村现代化转型的负担。其带来的最重要结果是通过社区打造提升了农民适应市场化的能力,在激活农民的广泛参与中培养了民主意识和民主能力。正是在这个意义上,新村运动成了实现农村发展的韩国经验范本。把握这一点对于发展中国家该如何减少发展的阵痛并实现发展的公平性有其重要的借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:The Korean New Village Movement was launched in 1970s to modernize the countryside. As an important rural development project in the history of South Korea, it has caused researchers to explore utility and value solutions from different levels. However, The current research on the core value of the new village movement is still lacking in depth. This paper will focus on the contribution of the new village movement to the consolidation of political power and to the improvement of local governance. On the four aspects of reducing the imbalance of development and reforming the peasants, the paper comprehensively examines the success and deficiency of the new village movement, and thinks that the new village movement has mainly created a kind of shared development. That is, the country and society share the fruits of development and bear the burden of rural modernization transformation. The most important result is that the farmers' ability to adapt to the market has been enhanced through community building. It is in this sense that democratic awareness and capacity have been cultivated in activating the broad participation of farmers. The New Village Movement has become a model for South Korea to realize rural development, which has important reference value for developing countries how to reduce the pains of development and realize the equity of development.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学中国农村研究院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科重点研究基地项目“跨越农村现代化关键阶段的韩国经验——‘新村运动’成效实地调查与启示”(14JJD810008) 国家社科基金重大项目“在社会管理体制创新中推动基层民主发展”(11&ZD029)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D731.26

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