基于善治取向的我国农村社区治理主体困境与创新研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 12:41

本文选题：善治　切入点：农村社区　出处：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国农村社区治理相对于城市社区治理而言,还存在较大的差距。令人欣慰的是,十八大以来的一系列政策不断向农村社区倾斜,不论是从中央顶层设计还是到地方实践,都表现出了对农村社会的广泛关注。特别是关于农村社区治理主体的研究,对于整体上提高我国的社会治理水平具有重要的意义。然而,受农村社会经济、观念、思维等传统因素的影响,当前,我国的大多数农村社会建设仍然是以政府为主导的管理模式,权力包办一切的理念没有从根本上得到改变。如何实现政府权力下沉和农村社会的自我良性互动是整个农村社会治理创新过程中的难题,亟需重视和加以解决。十八届五中全会提出构建全民共建共享的新型社会公共治理体系,不仅从客观上要求推动农村社区治理主体的平等合作与多元共治,实现农村社区治理成果的全民共享,更要求主观上发现当前我国农村社区治理各主体存在的问题和改善的策略,形成一套科学、合理的农村社区治理理念,逐步实现农村社会的善治。对于处在转型期的农村社区,通过对西方治理与善治理论、多中心治理理论等理论的引入,能够为我国的农村社区治理主体创新研究提供更加可行的理论指导。当前,我国的农村社区治理离不开党和政府的领导,在党和政府的领导下,农村社区各治理主体在多元互动中平等协商、合作共治,特别是理顺政府与其他社会组织和个人的关系,合理分权,从而推动农村社会的善治。遗憾的是当前我国农村社会存在诸多问题,在治理实践上,基层党组织的职责错位、政府不能合理履行职能、群众参与力度不足、社会组织发展缓慢、群众自治的基础薄弱等问题突出。从当前农村社区治理的基本价值取向上看,农村社区群众、农村社会组织、村民自治组织等在农村社区治理过程中分别起着基础、重要和直接作用,它们是推动农村社区治理创新不可忽视的力量。在构建全民共建共享的新型社会公共治理体系大背景下,以人为本、依法治理与多元共治的基本理念必须要全面贯彻到整个农村社区治理体系的实践中去。在坚持这些理念的基础上合理转变政府职能,提高农村群众的治理参与度,发挥好群众自治组织的自治功能,加强社会组织功能培育,建设农村社区服务队伍等,逐步推动农村社区治理的科学化。从未来农村社区治理及其主体功能发挥的趋势上看,首先,合理把握党组织在农村社区治理中的领导地位是不可或缺的,这是中国特色基层社会治理的核心内容。其次,要推动基层政府从单一走向网络,合理界定基层政府权力和社区权力边界。再次,要推动农村自治组织从行政走向自治,理顺农村社区党委与社区居委会的关系,理顺两委与基层政府之间的关系,合理划分政府与社区自治组织之间的职能。最后,要鼓励社区群众从依赖走向参与。提高群众的参与意识,实现社区居民利益最大化。同时,合理发挥农村社会组织的优势和功能,使农村社会组织独立自主地参与农村社会治理,为农村社区治理献计献策。此外,建立农村社区治理的法治思维是必不可少的,这是当前我国农村社区治理创新实践必须坚持的基本理念。通过社区多元治理主体的互动协商、合作共治,从而逐步实现以政府主导、社会协同、群众参与和法治保障为一体的多元主体互动共治的新型农村社会治理格局。
[Abstract]:Relative to the rural community governance in our country city community governance, there are still large gaps. Thankfully, a series of policies since eighteen continue to tilt to the rural community, whether it is from the top of the central or local design to practice, pay more attention to the rural society are showed. Especially the research on rural community governance the main body, is of great significance to improve the overall level of social governance in our country. However, the rural social economy, concept, influence, thinking and other traditional factors at present, most of China's rural social construction is still dominated by the government management mode, the concept of power all been no fundamental change how to realize the benign interaction. Self government power sinking and rural society is a difficult problem in the rural society governance in the process of innovation, urgent attention and solve the eighteen session of the five. In the plenary session of the construction of new public governance system of people sharing, not only from the objective requirements of equal cooperation and promote the diversified rural community governance main body of governance, sharing of rural community governance achievements nationwide, more requirements of the current China's rural community governance the main existing problems and improvement strategies that subjective, form a set of scientific and rational concept of community governance in rural areas, and gradually realize the rural society governance. For in the transition period of rural community, through to the western theory of governance and good governance, the introduction of multi center governance theory, can provide theoretical guidance for the study of more feasible rural community Governance in our country. The main innovation and the rural community governance in our country cannot do without the leadership of the party and government, the party and the government under the leadership of the rural community governance in the interaction of equal consultation and cooperation Cohabitation, especially straighten out the relationship between the government and other social organizations and individuals reasonable decentralization, thus promoting the rural society governance. Unfortunately, at present there are many problems in China's rural social governance, in practice, duty dislocation grass-roots party organization, the government can not reasonably perform functions, mass participation is insufficient, social organization development is slow, weak foundation of masses autonomy and other problems. From the basic value orientation of current rural community governance perspective, the rural community, rural social organizations, villagers autonomous organization governance in the process of play based in the rural community, an important and direct role, which is to promote rural community governance innovation can not be ignored the people in building a new social force. Public governance system of people sharing the background, basic concept of governance according to law and Multigovernance must fully implement the The practice of rural community governance system to reasonable transformation of government functions based on this concept, improve the governance of rural mass participation, play a good function of autonomous autonomous organization of the people, strengthen the function of social organization development, the construction of rural community service team, and gradually promote the rural community governance scientifically. Play from the countryside in the future community governance and the main function of the trend, first of all, a reasonable grasp of the party organization leadership in rural community governance is indispensable, which is the core content of grassroots social governance China characteristics. Secondly, to promote the local government network from a single direction, reasonable definition of grassroots government power and the power of the community boundary. Thirdly, to promote the rural autonomy organization from administrative autonomy, rationalize the relationship between the rural community party committees and community committees, straighten out the relationship between two committees and government, and Division between government and community autonomy organization function. Finally, to encourage community participation. From dependence to improve the participation of the masses, the implementation of community residents to maximize the benefits. At the same time, the reasonable use of the advantages and functions of rural social organizations, rural social organizations independently participate in rural social governance, and suggestions for rural community governance good. In addition, the establishment of rural community governance legal thinking is essential, this is the basic concept of current our country rural community governance innovation must adhere to the practice. Through interactive negotiation community multi governance, cooperative governance, and gradually realize the government leading, social coordination, public participation in the new rural social governance pattern and rule of law as one of the multi subject interactive governance.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D422.6;D669.3

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